• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.59-66
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• 2007

Ray tracing is one of the classical global illumination methods to generate a photo-realistic rendering image with various lighting effects such as reflection and refraction. However, there are some restrictions on real-time applications because of its computation load. In order to overcome these limitations, many researches of the ray tracing based on GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) have been presented up to now. In this paper, we implement the ray tracing algorithm by J. Purcell and combine it with two methods in order to improve the rendering performance for interactive applications. First, intersection points of the primary ray are determined efficiently using rasterization on graphics hardware. We then construct the acceleration structure of 3D objects to improve the rendering performance. There are few researches on a detail analysis of improved performance by these considerations in ray tracing rendering. We compare the rendering system with environment mapping based on GPU and implement the wireless remote rendering system. This system is useful for interactive applications such as the realtime composition, augmented reality and virtual reality.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.172-176
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• 2004

In special effects industry there is a high demand to convincingly mimic the appearance and behavior of natural phenomena such as smoke, waterfall, rain, and fire. Particle systems are methods adequate for modeling fuzzy objects of natural phenomena. This paper presents particle system graphics library for generating special effects in video games and virtual reality applications. The library is a set of functions that allow c++ programs to simulate the dynamics of particles for special effects in interactive and non-interactive graphics applications, not for scientific simulation.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.26-37
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• 2015

A lot of researchers have been investigating interactive portable projection systems such as a mini-projector. In addition, in exhibition halls and museums, there is a trend toward using interactive projection systems to make viewing more exciting and impressive. They can also be applied in the field of art, for example, in creating shadow plays. The key idea of the interactive portable projection systems is to recognize the user's gesture in real-time. In this paper, a vision-based shadow gesture recognition method is proposed for interactive projection systems. The gesture recognition method is based on the screen image obtained by a single web camera. The method separates only the shadow area by combining the binary image with an input image using a learning algorithm that isolates the background from the input image. The region of interest is recognized with labeling the shadow of separated regions, and then hand shadows are isolated using the defect, convex hull, and moment of each region. To distinguish hand gestures, Hu's invariant moment method is used. An optical flow algorithm is used for tracking the fingertip. Using this method, a few interactive applications are developed, which are presented in this paper.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.193-201
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• 2011

This paper presents the holistic notion and model of an open social u-learning community, anchored with open content, providing an interactive online study group experience akin to sitting with study buddies on a world-wide campus quad. The interactive social u-learning community design helps conceptualize and maximize advantages of ubiquitous environment in learning. The model is enabled by state-of-the-art web technologies; real-time collaboration technologies for a highly interactive experience; intelligent recommender systems to help learners connect with relevant content and other learners; and mining and analytics to assess learner outcomes. Hence, u-learning design is highly scalable yet interactive and engaging.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.629-632
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• 2009

The interactive art and design can be interpreted as an intelligent system in the aspect of engineering. Because this information is treated and analyzed in real time and then such results is expressed in various media such as image, graphic, sound and etc. after these information are input through the sensor, camera and etc., for the efficient communication between human and production, namely, to communicate the interactive reaction, The image utilizing such interactive is being gradually developed as it widens its region in various art design fields. This research is purposed to make the system, which lets the citizens contact the information naturally by mixing the information for the environment with the interactive art of the arty type, and which lets the citizens feel the surrounding environment directly. This research will construct the live mood in the space itself and is utilized for the public art that can be directly experienced. It can provide the experience in the participation type that acquires the information being harmonized with the human naturally in the more developed type than the concept of the existing static installation. Therefore, it is sincerely required to research the interactive art in utilizing the public design.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.295-306
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• 2007

It is well known that mathematical solutions for multi-agent planning problems are very difficult to obtain due to the complexity of mutual interactions among multi-agents. Most of the past research results are thus based on the probabilistic completeness. However, the practicality and effectiveness of the solution from the probabilistic completeness is significantly reduced by heavy computational burden. In this paper, we propose a practically applicable solution technique for multi-agent planning problems, which assures a reasonable computation time and a real world application for more than 3 multi-agents, for the case of general shaped paths in agent movement. First, to reduce the computation time, an extended collision map is developed and utilized for detecting potential collisions and obtaining collision-free solutions for multi-agents. Second, a priority for multi-agents is considered for successive and interactive modifications of the agent movements with lower priority. Various solutions using speed reduction and time delay of the relevant agents are investigated and compared in terms of the computation time. A practical implementation is finally provided for three different types of agents to emphasize the effectiveness of the proposed interactive approach to multi-agent planning problems.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.14B no.4
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• pp.273-280
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• 2007

This paper presents a new 3D sound toolkit called $EVE-Sound^{TM}$ that consists of pre-processing tool for environment simplification preserving sound effect and 3D sound API for real-time rendering. It is designed so that it can allow users to interact with complex 3D virtual environments by audio-visual modalities. $EVE-Sound^{TM}$ toolkit would serve two different types of users: high-level programmers who need an easy-to-use sound API for developing realistic 3D audio-visually rendered applications, and the researchers in 3D sound field who need to experiment with or develop new algorithms while not wanting to re-write all the required code from scratch. An interactive virtual environment application is created with the sound engine constructed using $EVE-Sound^{TM}$ toolkit, and it shows the real-time audio-visual rendering performance and the applicability of proposed $EVE-Sound^{TM}$ for building interactive applications with complex 3D environments.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.949-959
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• 2013

Since the recent launch of Microsoft Xbox Kinect, research on 3D human pose estimation has attracted a lot of attention in the computer vision community. Kinect shows impressive estimation accuracy and real-time performance on massive graphics processing unit hardware. In this paper, we focus on further reducing the computation complexity of the existing state-of-the-art method to make the real-time 3D human pose estimation functionality applicable to devices with lower computing power. As a result, we propose two simple approaches to speed up the random-forest-based human pose estimation method. In the original algorithm, the random forest classifier is applied to all pixels of the segmented human depth image. We first use a multi-scale approach to reduce the number of such calculations. Second, the complexity of the random forest classification itself is decreased by the proposed cascade approach. Experiment results for real data show that our method is effective and works in real time (30 fps) without any parallelization efforts.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.528-536
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• 2020

As humanoid robot technology advances, the use of robots for performance is increasing. As a result, studies are being conducted to increase the scope of use of robots in performances by making them natural like humans. Among them, the use of motion capture technology is often used, and there are environmental inconveniences in preparing for motion capture, such as the need for IMU sensors or markers attached to each part of the body and precise high-performance cameras. In addition, for robots used in performance technology, there is a problem that they have to respond in real time depending on the unexpected situation or the audience's response. To make up for the above mentioned problems, in this paper, we proposed a real-time motion capture system by using a number of RGB-D cameras and creating natural robot motion similar to human motion by using motion-captured data.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.271-284
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore the current status and effects of online discussion classes in universities. To this end, a survey was conducted on university students attending a total of four universities in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province to diagnose their perceptions of the operation of online discussion classes and their effects. The collected data were analyzed using frequency analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, cross-analysis, F-test, T-test, and Scheffe test by applying SPSS program. As a result of the study, first, it was found that 'non-real-time recorded lessons' and 'real-time interactive video lessons' were mainly conducted at universities after the COVID19 crisis. Second, in the online class method, 'real-time interactive video class' had a positive effect on 'debate class preference' and was found to be more meaningful. Third, college students recognized participation in online discussion classes as a foundation for expanding creative thinking skills, suggesting that strengthening through smooth communication and exchanges based on learners' sufficient cognitive processes on discussion methods and procedures is more helpful.