• Applied Microscopy
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.218-222
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• 2017

The 2017 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to the following three pioneers: Dr. Joachim Frank, Dr. Jacques Dubochet, and Dr. Richard Henderson. They all contributed to the development of a Cryo-electron microscopy (EM) technique for determining the high-resolution structures of biomolecules in solution, particularly without crystal and with much less amount of biomolecules than X-ray crystallography. In this brief commentary, we address the major advances made by these three Nobel laureates as well as the current status and future prospects of this Cryo-EM technique.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.110.2-110.2
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• 2011

Nishikida et al. (2006) presented the first far-ultraviolet (FUV) em${\lambda}$ission-line images of the Vela supernova remnant (SNR) obtained with FIMS/SPEAR instrument. Those include C III ${\lambda}$977, O VI ${\lambda}{\lambda}$1032, 1038, Si IV+O IV] ${\lambda}{\lambda}$1393, 1403 (un-resolved), C IV ${\lambda}{\lambda}$1548, 1551 emission-line images. As a following work, we re-constructed these emission-line images using the new-version processed FIMS/SPEAR data. Additionally, we made N IV] ${\lambda}$1486, He II ${\lambda}$1640.5, O III] ${\lambda}{\lambda}$1661, 1666 emission-line images. The new-version images cover the whole region of the Vela SNR and show more resolved features than the old-version. We compare these FUV emission-line images with other wavelength (X-ray, optical, etc.) images obtained in previous studies.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.729-736
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• 1989

This study aims to reinforce concrete structure by impregnation of molten sulfur. The improved properties of sulfur impregnated concerete were confirmed by compressive strength test and water proof effect. Following variables were adopted to evaluate impregnation parameters ; 1) the effect of water content in concrete structure (0-8%) 2) impregnation time of molten sulfur(0-22hr) 3) impregnation temprature of molten sulfur(13$0^{\circ}C$, 14$0^{\circ}C$). In partial ponding experiments, the concrete specimen of sulfur impregnated by 2wt% yields 1.5 times higher value of compressive strength than that of control one(non-impregnated concerte). In complete ponding experiments, the mortar specimen of slufur impregnated by 12-14wt% yields 2-3 times higher value of compressive strength than that of control one (non-impregnated mortar). From the examination of X-ray diffractions, $\alpha$-sulfur was found in concrete pores. Homogeneous impregation of molten sulfur into concrete pores was also identified with poresize analysis and micrographs of SEM.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.240-243
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• 1998

Subcutaneous emphysema is an unusual and rarely reported complication of tonsillectomy. The more commen complications are hemorrhage, infection and following anesthesia, aspiration, cardiac arrhythmia, and laryngeal trauma can occur. Posttonsillectomy subcutaneous emphysema results directly from the introduction of air into the tonsillar bed either during the surgical procedure itself or in the postoperative period. This condition is generally benign and self limiting and usually requires treatment only for the primary respiratory disease. In this report, we describe a 40-year-old female patient in whom subcutaneous emphysema developed shortly after tonsillectomy. She was observed for 5 days, at which point subcutaneous emphysema was seen on the follow up soft tissue neck X-ray to disappeared.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.82-93
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• 1995

Three-dimensional reconstruction of computed tomographic image(3D CT) is a well-established imaging modality which has been investigated in various clinical settings. It is commonly performed in case of congenital or developmental abnormalities, and traumatic fracture of skull and face that requires reconstruction of osseous structure. However reporting the 3D CT in laryngeal or tracheal stenosis is rare and its results are obscure. The authors performed 3D CT in six cases of tracheal stenosis and found diagnostic value of 3D CT. A Comparision of diagnostic information obtained from plain X-ray, 2D CT and 3D CT has performed in total six cases of tracheal stenosis. Surgical treatment of the tracheal stenosis was following in these cases : tracheal end to end anastomosis In 1 case, laryngotracheal end to end anastomosis in 2 cases. 3D CT information was compared with operative finding. In two of six cases, satisfactory information was not obtained from 3D CT in evaluating an exact stenosis of trachea. Future, it will be helped in evaluating of tracheal stenosis by 3D CT.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.779-784
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• 1992

In producing cordierite glass-ceramics by sintering, following experiments were conducted in order to determine the optimum heat-treatment schedule for high-crystallinity and dense sintered body. The glass composition of 11.67MgO-29.46Al2O3-52.88SiO2-5P2O5-1B2O3 (wt%) was selected on the basis of the early experiment. The 3-step heat treatment schedule was determined by the results of DTA, Dilatometric measurement and high-temperature XRD, where the particle-size-controlled glass powder was used. The degree of densification and the crystallinity were evaluated by the measurement of the bulk density and X-ray scattering intensity. The specimen fired with the optimum conditions showed ${\alpha}$-cordierite phase, relative density ∼98%, crystallinity ∼92%, thermal expansion coefficient ∼30${\times}$10-7/$^{\circ}C$, dielectric constant ∼5.5 and resistivity ∼1.0${\times}$1012 {{{{ OMEGA }}cm, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.396-403
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• 2004

The dielectric properties of Y-ray irradiated and thermally aged polyetheretherketone (PEEK) have been investigated. Results of the temperature dependency of dielectric properties indicated that the glass transition temperature of aged PEEK increased as radiative and thermal ageing. The frequency dependency of dielectric properties implied that the magnitude of radiation and thermal induced dipoles, ions increased as radiative and thermal ageing. The values of relaxation intensity calculated using Cole-Cole's circular arc can be useful for evaluation of degradation level of PEEK.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.753-758
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• 2003

Ti films were deposited onto 100${\times}$100 mm alumina substrates using dc magnetron sputtering under the following conditions; substrate temperature of R.T～400 $^{\circ}C$, annealing temperature of 100～400 $^{\circ}C$, and sputtering gas pressure of 4${\times}$10$^{-3}$ Torr～4${\times}$10$^{-2}$ Torr. And the films were examined by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and 4-point measurement system. The best electrical and structural properties was obtained by substrate temperature of ～200 $^{\circ}C$, target-substrate distance of ～14 cm and sputtering pressure of ～1${\times}$10$^{-2}$ Torr. Also at that condition the most excellent adhesion was observed.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.102-106
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• 1999

Ce exhibits the intermediate valence (IV) state both as an element and in its compounds. In the present review characteristic behavior of the materials showing the IV state are described. Then the methods of producing this state : the application of the external pressure, temperature and magnetic field as well as the alloying are being discussed. An identification of the IV state is frequently not a simple goal and the best results can be obtained using a combination of various independent methods. Particular attention is paid to the X-ray spectroscopy, lattice parameters and the magnetic properties. As the examples of the IV state in the Ce compounds the properties of following materials are reported : CeRhSb, $CeCu_5In_7, CeAg_6In_6, Sc_{1-x}Ce_xFe_4Al_8 $and for comparison Sc1-xYbxFe4Al8.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.131.1-131.1
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• 2012

We use three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of flux emergence from solar subsurface to corona. In our previous work, we reported the relation between magnetic-field configuration and the flux expansion factor. Following these results, we investigate where an upflow is generated in an active region and how its location is related to the flux expansion factor. We also derive physical quantities of a real active region from observation data provided by Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH), X-Ray Telescope (XRT), and Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) onboard Hinode. These physical quantities are plasma density, temperature and flow. By comparing the simulation result and observational one, we will discuss the properties of the location producing a solar wind.