• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate extracts from mixed culture of Oriental medicines and cereal medium and mycelia of Trichloma matsutake and Cordyceps militaris by fermentation to develop new material for pharmaceutical products and medicinal food, Methods : To evaluate physiological activities of OCM extracts, we examined antioxidant activity(total polyphenol contents, electronic donating ability, SOD-like activity), ${\beta}$-glucan contents, nitric oxide production and cytotoxicity by MTT assay. Results : Total polyphenol contents of fermented OCM(UF) and non-fermented OCM(UM) extracts were more than 40% UM and UF of DPPH radical scavenging activity was 25.67%, 23.43% respectively. Total polyphenol content of non-fermented extract (UME) was 12.57%, while that of fermented extract(UFE) was 7.05%. SOD like activity showed UM 85.35%, UF 76.18%, UME 58.42%, UFE 72.21%. UME, and UFE 31.43%, ${\beta}$-glucan contents of UME and UFE were more than 40%. NO productions of UME, and UFE showed a LPS dose dependent tendency. Cytotoxicity on Raw 264.7 cell showed more than 90% viability. Inhibitory effect of UFE on HT1080 cell growth was higher than UME. Conclusions : These results showed that extracts from mixed culture of mushroom mycelium and OCM have physiological activities which can be used in pharmaceutical products and medicinal food.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.385-406
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• 2020

Objectives : To study the use of Cinnamomum cassia among the 394 prescriptions listed in Donguibogam Methods : After selecting a total of 394 prescriptions, 284 prescriptions with Cinnamon Cassia as the protagonist were analyzed and summarized in the table. In particular, the investigation was conducted by comparing the Cinnamomi Ramulus and Cinnamomi Cortex. Results : The Cinnamomum cassia is used in 52 fields of treatment such as common cold & flu diseases, abscess and stroke, etc. Prescriptions containing Cinnamomi Ramulus were most commonly used for cold disease. And prescriptions containing Cinnamomi Cortex were most commonly used for wind diseases. Prescriptions that utilize Cinnamomum cassia are used in the treatment of feeling of cold, numbness, low back pain, cough and so on. Prescriptions containing Cinnamomi Ramulus mainly treat cold disease. And prescriptions containing Cinnamomi Cortex treat mainly abdominal pain and diarrhea. 14 prescriptions of the same name are included with Cinnamomum cassia. The other unclassified Cinnamomum cassia is considered suitable for use with Cinnamomi Cortex. Cinnamomum cassia is only used as a raw material. Conclusions : According to the classification of Cinnamomum cassia, further study of prescription utilization is needed.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.229-235
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• 2006

Opuntia humifusa is a member of the Cactaceae family. In the present study, the antioxidant, nitric oxide(NO) inhibitory activities and potential irritation response of the fermented Opuntia humifusa cladodes(FOH) were investigated for cosmetic use. Antioxidant activities were tested using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) and xanthine oxidase assay, we found that FOH could scavenge DPPH free radicals and inhibit xanthine oxidase activity in a dose dependent manner, with $IC_{50}$ of 2599.46${\mu}g/ml$ and 721.38${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. To investigate the possible anti-inflammatory effects of FOH, RAW 264.7 macrophages were pretreated with FOH($0{\sim}400{\mu}g/ml$) for 30 min and then treated with LPS for 24 h. We found that cell number did not vary significantly with the treatment of FOH, and FOH did not show any inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production. After application of FOH to rabbits for skin and eye irritation test, the experimental sites did not show any response compared to the control. FOH were considered to be a non-irritant to the skin and eye. Based on the above information, we suggest that FOH can be considered to be a non-irritant base cosmetic material for safely use.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.316-323
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• 2008

In this study, we have investigated the HPLC analysis methods and quantitative analysis of standard compounds for quality standardization of a medicinal crude drug GCSB-5, a herbal formulation consisting of 6 medicinal plants (Acanthopanacis Cortex, Achyranthis Radix, Ledebouriellae Radix, Cibotii Rhizoma, Glycine Semen, Eucommiae Cortex) which are used in traditional medicine to treat various bone disorders. HPLC analysis methods of acanthoside D(Acanthopanacis Cortex), 20-hydroxyecdysone(Achyranthis Radix) which were known standard compounds among 6 medicinal plants were developed on crude material and product. And validation of HPLC analysis methods were conformed for verification of HPLC methods by check to specificity, linearity, intra-day precision, inter-day precision and accuracy following ICH guideline. Content of acanthoside D and 20-hydroxyecdysone on raw material of GCSB-5 were decided at 0.577-0.578 mg/g and 0.311-0.312 mg/g. And we confirmed that content of acanthoside D and 20-hydroxyecdysone on GCSB-5 preparation were 0.302-0.303 mg/capsule and 0.113-0.115 mg/capsule.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.380-383
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to develope prototype EPID system and improve image quality of radiation therapy field imaging system using CCD camera. For this research we used Linac(Clinac 4/100), Copper metal plate, $Gd_2O_2S_2$ phosphor and CCD camera(Photronic). In this study we find best thickness of buil-up metal plate and acquired projection image of humanoid head phantom. Also we enhanced raw image data using superposition and histogram stretching method. Through the thickness optimized of metal plate and image processing, we confirmed of an improved image quality of an EPID system using CCD camera. As result, highest quality image was acquired at 1mm thickness of Copper metal plate and improved image quality by image processing methods.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.73-79
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• 1991

The flavonoids from plants is very widly used as natural dye for food and medicine etc. In this study, red pine which is widespread in Korea was studied to find new chemicals which may use as raw material for the special purpose. The fIavonoids of red pine bark were separated with Sephadex LH-20 and Toyo pearl HW-40F as packed materials and the structure of separated f1avonoids was determined by $^1H$-and $^{13}C$-NMR spectroscopy. The (+) catechin which is widespread in nature and dihydroquercetin-3'-0-${\beta}$-galactoside were found in red pine bark. The dihydroquercetin-3'-0-${\beta}$-galactoside is newly found in this species.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.51-68
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• 1972

The aim of the sutdy is to collect a variety of wild yeasts from different regions in Korea and in different seasons and to account for the natural patterns of regional and seasonal variation that they display. From the specimens collected in this study, more useful strains are expected to be discovered, which can be cultivated and utilized fro industrial development. The study attempts to determine the degree to which utilizable yeasts can be applied in brewing, confectionary, baking, the manufacture of medicine, and as feed yeast. Such findings would contribute not only to the development of academic research, but would also be important in obtaining raw material that can be applied in our daily lives and in industrial development in response to the demands of the times.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.159-162
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• 1999

The purpose of this research was to study the effects of initial moisture levels and extrusion temperatures on dietary fiber, nitrogen solubility index, available lysine, and the in vitro protein digestibility of extruded oat productes. The dehulled grains were ground in a Brabender quadrumat Senior mill and the coarse fraction, with higher crude protein, lipids and dietary fiber were conditioned on various mositre levels (15.5~25.5%) and extruded in a Brabender single-screw laboratory extruder. The extrudates showed a higher amount of soluble dietary fiber (8.14%) than in the raw material . However, the extrusion process affected the nutritional value of the protein due to a decrease in available lysine with increased temperature . The in vitro protein digestibility was unaffected by initial moisture levels and the extrusion temperatures examined.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.982-988
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• 2011

This research seeks a basis for developing new anti-inflammatory medicine by investigating Cornus Walteri extract for its anti-inflammatory effects. After the injection of LPS in to rats with Cornus Walteri extract, its anti-inflammatory effects were compared among the treatment groups. The plasma concentration of IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ peaked at 5h after LPS injection, and the values of the Cornus Walteri extract groups were lower than those of the control group. In the increment of concentration of these cytokines at 2h and 5h after LPS injection, the Cornus Walteri groups were lower than that of control group. The plasma concentration of IL-10 peaked at 5h after LPS injection, and the values of the Cornus Walteri extract groups were higher than those of the control group. In the increment of cytokines concentration at 2h and 5h after LPS injection, the Cornus Walteri groups were higher than that of control group. Liver cytokines measurement was done at 5h after LPS injection. The concentration of liver IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6 in the Cornus Walteri groups was lower than that of the control group. The concentrations of liver TNF-${\alpha}$, and IL-10 showed no significant differences among all the treatment groups. In the studies of lipopolysaccharide-exposed Raw 264.7 cells, the concentration of IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ in the lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells groups was higher than that of control group (normal group). However, in lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells groups, they showed lower values than those of control group and these values showed a tendency to decrease in the Cornus Walteri groups. The concentration of IL-10 in the lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells groups was higher than that of control group (normal group), and among the lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells groups, all Cornus Walteri extract groups showed higher values than single lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells groups. This studies have shown that in vitro and in vivo Cornus Walteri extracts are significantly more sensitive to inflammatory cytokines and LPS induced lethality. We conclude that the Cornus Walteri extracts have an functional material for inflammatory activities.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.352-358
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• 2020

Red yeast rice has been extensively used as a food and traditional medicine for thousands of years in Korea. Monascus produces many secondary metabolites during its growth, including pigments, monacolins, and γ-aminobutyric acid. Some metabolites, specifically monacolin K, γ-aminobutyric acid, and dimerumic acid, have been reported to lower cholesterol and blood pressure because of certain antioxidant effects. This study investigated the total phenolic content of ethanol extract from red yeast rice fermented with Monascus sp. BHN-MK and its anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. To assess its anti-inflammatory effect, the inhibitory activity of the ethanol extract on LPS-induced NO production and expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 proteins in macrophage cells were measured. Its total polyphenol content was higher than that of ordinary non-fermented rice. Its NO production inhibition activity was comparable to that of the negative control group treated with LPS at a concentration of 400 ㎍/ml. Western blot revealed a significant decrease in the inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 protein expression at concentrations of 400 and 800 ㎍/ml, respectively. Red yeast rice ethanol extracts exerted the strongest anti-inflammatory effects. The results indicate that red yeast rice could be used as a functional cosmetic and anti-inflammatory material.