• 수완나부미
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.133-160
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• 2022

This paper examines narratives of women's marginal position in Bao Ninh's Short Stories and Svetlana Alexievich's Unwomanly Face of War from a feminist narratological approach. In analyzing voices of marginalized women, direct and indirect descriptions of women's beauty and pain, and private-public narratives of women's love stories, this paper aims to identify presentations of women's real authority in the text written by a male author, Bao Ninh, and in the one by a female author. The paper argues that juxtaposing these texts reveals an overturn of the traditional conception of sexual and gender differences. Specifically, distinguishing between male/female discourse does not show powerful /nonpowerful language, but recognizes the real authority of each type of discourse based on sexual differences. The writing also illustrates that masculine language becomes powerless and deficient in the women's world; meanwhile, in writing about herself, woman establishes a type of a powerful feminine discourse, which blends both emotional, enthusiastic, and gossipy characteristics of female language and direct, rational, and strong ones of male language. Thus, the feminists' radical segregation on male/female discourses to overturn masculine authority and create a language for women at par with men has been clearly shifted when comparing the two writers' texts based on the juxtapositional model of the comparative literature.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.14-35
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• 2024

This qualitative study explores cyberbullying among college students through Habermas's Theory of Communicative Action to examine the dissonance between online interactions and principles of rational discourse. Cyberbullying is a pervasive issue in digital communication that undermines logical, evidence-based conversation, fostering environments where misinformation, manipulation, and harm thrive. By analyzing case studies from three universities, the research identifies the characteristics, dynamics, and emotional impacts of cyberbullying on victims, highlighting the role of social media platforms in facilitating these negative interactions. The findings reveal significant challenges to authentic and equal online conversations, driven by power imbalances and a lack of genuine communication, leading to psychological distress, erosion of self-esteem, and changes in behavior among victims. The study underscores the potential of social media design and policy interventions to mitigate cyberbullying, emphasizing the need for educational programs, technological solutions, and community support to promote a safer, more respectful digital environment. Key themes include the dynamics of cyberbullying, the suppression of rational discourse, the psychological and emotional consequences of inauthentic communication, and strategies for resilience and recovery. The research contributes to understanding cyberbullying's complexities and suggests a multifaceted approach to addressing it, aligning with Habermas's ideal of communicative rationality to foster healthier online communities. Future research should further explore the intersection of technology design, user behavior, and regulatory policies to combat cyberbullying effectively.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2011

This study aimed to grasp trends of the discourse for improving living conditions carried out since 1920's, when the sense for mending the irrationality of conventional living emerged in various magazines. Among the movement, women intellectuals played an important roles to discuss reforming daily life and unhealthy, inconvenient houseworks. This study found the ideological background and direction of this discourse, and estimated its important role for housing improvement, analyzing the contents of articles published in representative womens' magazines of the modern times. In the discourse, they thought that it was most important to make houseworks brief and efficient, and concentrated on building rational environment for houseworks. As reforming kitchen system, heating system (Ondol) should be separated from cooking system to improve hygienic and economical condition of houseworks. Reformed kitchen would be equipped with new installations for effectiveness, lightened by sunlight through windows, and finished floor with cement and drainage for sanitation. Also, they suggested new ways of living, planning modern houses with reformed kitchen system, thinking about moving path and distance of housewives. This discourse would be a foundation to the change of kitchen system up to now.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.14-23
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• 2006

As a proto-modernist work the Amsterdam Exchange has been regarded as a specimen of Structural Rationalist's architecture. Because of its ma]or steel structure, use of geometry, and reminiscence of Gothic the designer of the building was labeled by Kenneth Frampton as one of the apostles of Viollet le Duc. The architect was Hendrick Petrus Berlage. Contrary to above Nicolaus Pevsner claimed that Berlage's architectural discourse was 'Anti-Rational' because of its anachronistic formal language, Expressionism. In terms of structure Berlage's idea is rational, whilst formally 'Anti-Rational'. These polarised view points were due to the legacies of Modern Architecture that was controled by hegemonic figures in terms not only of practical field but of historiography. The hegemonic figures wanted to see Berlage as what they wanted to see. With this idea, this paper is one of endeavours to collect fragmented history in the early modern architecture. The Amsterdam Exchange has a long term story until the opening. Without understanding the story we have to withhold an evaluation of Berlage's architecture.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2022

Architecture had played a significant role model in philosophy because the construction of building represented doing philosophy. 'Architecture as metaphor' made it possible that doing philosophy was a kind of construction of thinking and western philosopher considered himself as an architect of idea. As a system of system, architectural analogy gave philosophy a chance to insist himself as a theory of theory. So architecture had always been a privileged model of discourse system and also a fundamental metaphor in philosophy. Because of its original meaning, Architecture as techne could be considered as poiesis, that was the special building(making) in western culture. The archi(arche) - structure(techne) was a ideal model and mechanism of philosophy because with this analogy doing philosophy became a kind of building act to make a logical system of idea. This kind of tradition in philosophy, especially metaphysics, made the characteristics of western philosophy 'architectonic' that implied the meaning of the rational, stable, hierarchical and holistic. But this kind of tradition exposed the problem of philosophy that focused on Identity and excluded the others. The logocentrism of western philosophy was also the limitation of architectonic thinking and its reductionism became a grand monologue which only allowed systematic, rational discourse. Its ideological position Inevitably caused the anti-architectural thinking in modern age as a diverse form of new trend of thinking as like postmodernism or deconstruction. Even Deconstructivism, or 'informe', non-representation in architecture depends upon anti-architectural thinking. Relationship between architecture as metaphor and the building of philosophy is problematique issue.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.144-153
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• 2007

대화는 목적에 따라 여러 가지로 나눌 수 있는데 그 중에 한 유형이 바로 상담이다. 상담화법은 판매자와 구매자 간에 발생하는 말하기이다. 본 논문에서는 판매자가 고객의 상품 구매라는 목적을 달성하기 위한 합리적인 상담 모형을 만들려고 시도하였다. 2장에서는 상담 화법의 특징을 다루었고, 3장에서는 판매자와 구매자가 각자의 목적을 달성하기 위한 상담 과정을 살펴보았고, 4장에서는 상담 화법의 합리적 구성을 위해 필요한 점을 정리하였으며, 5장에서는 몇 가지 사례를 분석한 후 표준 판매 화법을 제안하였다. 본 논문은 말하기의 일반론에 그치지 않고 상거래라는 특수한 담론 상황으로 논의를 심화하였다는 데에 의의가 있다. 이런 연구는 국어 교육의 응용력을 높이고 상거래 행위의 합리적 발전에 기여할 것이다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.7-18
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• 2023

Recognizing that the debate on the original form of the Seokguram Grotto is closely related to the mythologization of the Seokguram Grotto, which is far from factual understanding, this paper is prepared to restore the Seokguram Grotto based on scientific facts. To this end, we will first analyze its active meaning and fiction from three directions: the founding legend, the rediscovery story, and the concept and discourse of the Line of sight for Buddha statue (對佛像視準線), which have contributed to the mythologization of the Seokguram Grotto. The original restoration of the Seokguram Grotto should be based on a scientific understanding of the Seokguram space. However, past debates and restoration attempts have been based on imagination and not on scientific knowledge. Therefore, Chapter 3 attempts a scientific analysis of the light environment of thr Seokguram Grotto and critically examines the existing errors and realistic mythological images to correct the public's spatial perception of Seokguram's architecture and to propose a rational restoration of Seokguram's architectural space.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.901-919
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to conceptualize some issues around university restructuring in Korea, and explore rational-practical solutions ensuring the survival of higher education institutes confronting many challenges like rapid decreasing rate of birth, global open market of higher education system, and the phenomena of concentration on capital city area etc.. In order to achieve study goals, higher education policies and provisions of past governments from DaeJung Kim's to current MeongBak Lee's were analyzed, and also characteristics and directions of university restructuring of each government were identified. Through this analysis, it was evident that the main concern of university restucturing discourse was primarily focused on how to make public universities have high level of competitiveness. On the other hand, private universities had been totally alienated from university restructuring discourse since 1990's, despite their historical and great contributions to national development of our country. Based on some criticisms of educational policies of national government and partial revision proposal of the higher education act initiated by a few assemblymen, this study suggested eight solutions for developmental restructuring of private universities; constructing comprehensive framework of university restructuring, keeping market-friendly restructuring principle to allow universities take an autonomous position, revising methods, criteria and indexes of university evaluation, reducing the number of enrolling students, not the number of universities and colleges, a new policy to develop local universities allying with universities located at capital city area, differentiating private universities into two types of semi- or quasi-national university and complete autonomous university, legislating financial supports to private universities, and lastly, equal treatment of public and private universities in pursuit of half price tuition.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2004

This article will introduce the changes of the historiography of the Chinese medicine which have been made during the last several decades. These will be described with the changes in the image of the Chinese medicine that has been occupied in our mind. We regard Chinese medicine as a rational knowledge system which is based on the theory of Yin-Yang and Five phases. Therefore we draw a dear line of demarcation between Chinese medicine and irrational cure means such as religious prayer, charms and folk remedies which have no theoretical background. We also think the medical lineages continue virtually uninterrupted over the whole time of the history of Chinese medicine that began from Huangdineijing(皇帝內徑) and Shanghanlun(傷寒論). And we consider Chinese medicine as a sort of science, and suppose there has been one universal and homogeneous medical system in the mainland China. This image, however, has been changing rapidly. These changes come from the join of externalists who were trained as historian not physician, for studying the history of Chinese medicine, and the methodological innovations of historiography which was influenced by the methodologies of anthropology, social history, cultural history and the discourse of postmodemism.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2007

Despite a current fascination with East Asian iconography such as Zen Style among contemporary designers, there is a lack of genuine cross-cultural discourse that could enable us to share essential design experiences. To bring the discussion a deeper level, traditional Japanese tea-house in its design philosophy of body-mind interplay is explored. Tea-house is a superb manifestation to reveal a holistic understanding of the world. Nondualistic realization is generally associated with the dominant tendency of traditional East Asian philosophy, namely the view that the self and environment, and that the mind and the body exist in unity. The essence of tea-house is not in its poetic style or meticulous details, but in its unmistakably monistic approach of creating inseparable form, function and meaning. Tea-house bestows dignity upon restraint, imperfection, discomfort, poverty, and even humility. This concept offers a tremendous insight since it implies that the rational and effective design solution to the greatest degree is not sufficient. Perhaps the most challenging question about tea-house is: How does our experience with human-made 'design' in the broadest sense help both our body and mind attain a full harmony of being? It is the heading which this research inquires.