• 아동학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.25-42
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• 1999

The teacher's role scale for improving young children's creativity is designed for both teacher self-rating and observer rating. Content validity was determined by 5 experts who defined the domains of specific content. Construct validity was obtained by the self-ratings of 404 teachers of 3- to 5-year-old children. Five factors using 38 items of the original 59 were found to be related to the teacher's role in improving young children's creativity. The factors were Indulgence and Perseverance, Flexibility, Originality, Elaboration, and Fluency. Convergent validity was confirmed by positive correlations of the Teacher's Role Scale with the Teacher's Creativity Test of the Korean Institute for Research in the Behavioral Sciences. For internal consistency, Cronbach ${\alpha}$ of the 5 factors ranged from .74 to .88. Test-retest reliability coefficientents ranged from .653 to .838. These results confirm the Scale as a valid and reliable measure of the teacher's role in improving the creativity of young children.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 1999

Products are often evaluated on rating scales to measure and quantify their attributes of interest. In case that one wishes to compare multiple rating datasets simultaneously, there must be a standardized scale with which one can discriminate relative differences among corresponding scale means. In this regard, the concept of Thurstonian modeling applied to various discrimination tests including the triangular method has been recently being reconsidered. In this paper we extend previous researches on the triangular method and evaluate the effect of unequal variances and correlated variables upon the probability of correct response using Monte-Carlo simulation. We observed that the probability of correct response depends on dimensionality, variances, and correlation structure of stimulus sets. But it does not depend on the relative orientation in a multidimensional space.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.269-280
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• 2000

This study was conducted to clarify the effect of physical ability, pain, fatigue, depression, sexual satisfaction, and spouse criticism on the sexual intrusiveness of rheumatoid arthritis(RA)women. The subjects of the study were 89 RA outpatients who visited the department of rheumatology of Dong-A University Hospital in Pusan from March 2000 to April, 2000. Pain & Fatigue via graphic rating scale, depression via CES-D(Center for Epidemiologic Studies -Depression) scale and physical ability via the Health Assessment questionnaire(HAQ) were assessed. Also we used both Sexual satisfaction scale(Kim, et al, 1997) to measure sexual satisfaction and Spouse criticism scale(Kraaimaat et al. 1996) to measure spouse criticism. The Intrusiveness rating scale which was derived from Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale(AIMS) was used to measure illness intrusiveness in sexuality. The relationships between the variables such as pain, depression, fatigue, physical ability, spouse criticism, sexual satisfaction and illness intrusiveness on sexuality were analyzed by Pearson correlation. As a result, pain & depression were significantly positively related to illness intrusiveness and physical ability & sexual satisfaction was significantly negatively related to illness intrusiveness. But these variables were interrelated. So hierarchical regression was performed to examine the relative contribution of pain, depression, physical ability, and sexual satisfaction with regard to intrusiveness of RA on sexuality. It revealed that pain, depression & sexual satisfaction predicted significantly illness intrusiveness on sexuality. Therefore it is very important to reduce pain and depression and to increase sexual satisfaction for reducing illness intrusiveness.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2015

Purpose: The first grade of Korea's Building Energy Efficiency Rating System(BEERS) is required for new government office buildings as a mandatory measure to reduce greenhouse gas emission. However, there is no specific criteria about performance that which level should apply to energy-saving design element for obtaining Building Energy Efficiency Rating 1st grade. Therefore, Certification status should be analyzed firstly, about the office building which is certificated. Certification analysis for office buildings acquired certification therefore should be done first. Method: In this study, Certification status(Office buildings acquired Building Energy Efficiency Rating Certification)was analyzed by classified year, region, specific scale etc. And we analyzed statistically by eliciting an average value of each element influencing to the amount of energy. Result: Energy demands were gradually decreased due to revision of thermal insulation standards for enhanced u-value. Energy consumptions were different from the kind of equipment and yearly trends applied depending on the size of the building. Total primary energy consumptions were influenced by heat source types and the primary energy scale factors.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.114-123
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• 2006

Objectives : The special class has been made, bringing rapid increase quantitatively. The authors carried out the child psychiatric interview and evaluation for 9 special-classed children in Asan city to find out clinical diagnosis and emotional/behavioral characteristics. Methods : The child psychiatrists evaluated special class children by DSM-IV and K-SADS-PL. Tools for the evaluation were Child Behavior Checklist- Korean version, Korean Personality Inventory for Children, Children's Depression Inventory, Abbreviated Conners Parent-Teacher Rating Scale-Revised, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, Vineland Social Maturity Scale, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III, and Childhood Autism Rating Scale. Results : Ultimately 53 children, consisting of 35 boys(67.9%) and 18 girls(32.1%), participated, and the average age was $10.5{\pm}1.3$ years old. Their measure of Vineland Social Maturity Scale was $78.7{\pm}20.0$, Childhood Autism Rating Scales was $25.4{\pm}9.0$, Child Depression Inventory was $22.2{\pm}5.2$, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children was $35.2{\pm}8.2/36.5{\pm}6.2$, and Abbreviated Conners Parent-Teacher Rating Scale was $11.0{\pm}4.6$. In the clinical diagnosis evaluation, the prevalence rate of learning disorder was decreased compared to early research, ADHD had been newly appeared and depression disorder and anxiety disorder had been increased. Conclusion : This result suggests that a lot of children in a special class have complex emotional and behavioral problems in addition to educational problems.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.44-53
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• 2008

The purpose of this preliminary study was to develop a measurement for assessing risk factors for falling in community-dwelling elderly persons. Rasch analysis and principal component analysis were performed to examine whether items on the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC), assessing self-efficacy, and items on the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), assessing balance function, contribute jointly to a unidimensional construct in the elderly. A total of 35 elderly persons (4 men, 31 women) participated. In this study, each item of ABC (16 items) and BBS (14 items) was scored on a 5-point ordinal rating scale from 0 to 4. The initial Rasch and principal component analysis indicated that 3 of the ABC items and 2 of the BBS items were misfit for this study. These 5 items were excluded from further study. After combining ABC and BBS, Rasch and principal component analyses were examined and finally 23 items selected; 12 items from ABC, 11 items from BBS. The 23 combined ABC-BBC items were arranged in order of difficulty. The hardest item was 'walk outside on icy sidewalks' and the easiest item was 'pivot transfer'. Although structural calibration of each 5 rating scale categories was not ordered, the other three essential criteria of Linacre's optimal rating scale were satisfied. Overall, the ABC-BBS showed sound item psychometric properties. Each of the 5 rating scale categories appeared to distinctly identify subjects at different ability levels. The findings of this study support that the new ABC-BBS scale measure balance function and self-efficacy. It will be a clinically useful assessment of risk factors for falling in the elderly. However, the number of subjects was too small to generalize our results. Further study is needed to develop a new assessment considering more risk factors of falling in elderly.

• 한국조사연구학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조사연구학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 조사연구의 방법론적 쟁점
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• pp.89-115
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• 2000

종업원의 수행에 대한 공정한 평가척도를 개발하는 것은 과학적 인적관리를 위해 필수적이지만 아직까지 국내에서는 이에 대한 연구가 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 컴퓨터 프로그래머 직무의 수행을 공정하고 객관적으로 측정하기 위해 기존의 직무분석 연구들을 종합하여 수행평가 차원들을 도출하고, 도출된 차원들을 토대로 평가자와 피평가자들 모두를 철도 제작과정에 참여시킴으로써 평가에 대한 수용가능성을 높이는 행동기술척도(Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales: BARS)를 제작하는데 그 목적이 있다. 국내 8개 기업의 442명 컴퓨터 프로그래머들을 대상으로 8개월에 걸쳐 5단계 BARS 제작과정을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 컴퓨터 프로그래머 수행차원 13개가 도출되었으며, 각 차원에서 평가자간 일치도가 높을 뿐 아니라 효과적인 수행수준부터 비효과적인 수행수준을 골고루 대표하는 중요직무사건 혹은 직무행동 예가 5개씩 선정되었다.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.89-115
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• 2000

종업원의 수행에 대한 공정한 평가척도를 개발하는 것은 과학적 인적관리를 위해 필수적이지만 아직까지 국내에서는 이에 대한 연구가 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 컴퓨터 프로그래머 직무의 수행을 공정하고 객관적으로 측정하기 위해 기존의 직무분석 연구들을 종합하여 수행평가 차원들을 도출하고, 도출된 차원들을 토대로 평가자와 피평가자들 모두를 척도 제작과정에 참여시킴으로써 평가에 대한 수용가능성을 높이는 행동기술척도(Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales: BARS)를 제작하는데 그 목적이 있다. 국내 8개 기업의 442명 컴퓨터 프로그래머들을 대상으로 8개월에 걸쳐 5단계 BARS 제작 과정을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 컴퓨터 프로그래머 수행차원 13개가 도출되었으며, 각 차원에서 평가자간 일치도가 높을 뿐 아니라 효과적인 수행수준부터 비효과적인 수행수준을 골고루 대표하는 중요직무사건 혹은 직무행동 예가 5개씩 선정되었다.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.25-46
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• 2000

통증은 환자들로 하여금 내원하게 하는 주된 증상중의 하나로, 치료방법의 선택 및 효과 판정을 위해서는 적절한 평가가 필요하다. 통증은 실험적인 방법과 임상적인 방법에 의해 측정될 수 있는데, 통증의 주관적인 성격상 임상적인 방법이 일반적으로 사용된다. 통증의 임상적측정법은 일차원적측정법과 다차원적측정법으로 대별할 수 있는데, 일차원적 측정법으로는 시각적상사척도(Visual Analogue Scale), 구술적평정척도(Verbal Rating Scale), 수치평정척도(Numerical Rating Scale), 통증표정척도(Pain Faces Scale), 그리고 포커칩 도구(Poker Chip Tool)등이 있고, 다차원적 측정법으로는 McGill 동통질문서(McGill Pain Questionnaire), 다면적인성검사(MMPI), 통증행동척도(Pain Behavior Scale), 통증장애지표(Pain Disability Index), 그리고 통증평정척도(Pain Raing Scale)등이 있다. 일차원적 측정법은 주로 환자의 자가통증평가법에 기초하여 통증의 강도를 측정하는데, 측정방법의 단순함과 신속성으로 인해 급성통증을 평가하는데 주로 사용된다. 다차원적인 측정법은 통증의 주관적, 정신적 그리고 행동적인 면을 측정하는데, 측정방법이 포괄적이고 신뢰성이 있어서 만성통증을 측정하는데 사용된다. 환자의 언어와 인지능력은 정확한 통증을 평가하는데 장애가 되는 주된 요인이다. 통증에 따른 행동반응이나 생체반응은 환자의 통증을 완전히 대변하지 못하지만 이러한 상황에 있어 유용한 통증평가지표가 될 수 있다. 통증평가법을 결정할 때에는 먼저 측정하려고 하는 통증의 성격을 고려하여 어떠한 면을 측정할 것인가를 결정해야하며 아울러 환자의 언어와 인지능력을 고려해야 한다. 적절한 평가법의 선택은 환자의 진단과 치료에 있어 유효한 결론에 이르게 하는 중요한 과정이다.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2010

경련성 사경한자 1례에 대하여 TWSTRS와 Tsui score를 사용하여 경련성 사경정의 심한 정도와 치료 결과를 평가하고, 한방치료를 주로하고 양방치료를 보완적으로 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 키네시오 테이프를 이용해 실시한 첩대요법은 사경증의 비틀림을 교정하는데 TWSTRS와 Tsui score 상 일정부분 효과가 있었다. 2. 아시혈을 포함한 치치료와 봉독치료는 TWSTRS상 경부통증과 일상생활 장애를 감소시켰다. 3. 양방협진하에 실시한 trigger point에 대한 국소 steroid 주사요법도 일정부분 통증을 감소시킨 것으로 생각된다.