• Title/Summary/Keyword: rating tendency

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A Study of voluntary deliberation agency for resolving problems in film censorship (영화 심의 문제 해결을 위한 민간 자율 심의 기구의 필요성 모색)

  • Suh, Dae-Jeong
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.12 no.12
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    • pp.537-544
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    • 2014
  • The film has far-reaching power than any other media. For this reason, a censorship has existed in some way but censorship is like a double-edged sword. If KMRB stood in front of a desire to preserve the morals of society and youth protection, creativity of artists must be shaken. On the contrary if free will is emphasized, social chaos will be increase. Thus most countries made various censorship systems in order to overcome this contradiction. In recent years, mainly on the issue of censorship and the rating is a tendency to transfer to the voluntary deliberation agency. However, this issue is still dealing with this problem at KMRB in Korea. Then KMRB mistakes itself as the guardian of situation ethics and morality. Recently various problems appeared in the film rating system. KMRB should be devolved on the voluntary deliberation agency in order to solve the problem. therefore this study The study will be to review the need for voluntary veliberation agency.

An study on the annoyance and loudness for the different background noises in complex building (배경소음이 다른 동일 건물내 사업장의 소음 수인한도 및 인지 정도에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Tai-Gang;Jang, Gil-Soo;Kim, Sun-Woo
    • KIEAE Journal
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    • v.10 no.5
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    • pp.109-114
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    • 2010
  • There are many business in complex building, and recently noise claims have increased in those buildings. It is one of the most desirable methods reducing the noise level to establish the noise criteria considering the admittable noise level between the source and receiving room, which are to be derived from the subjective response in the real conditions. Because the degree of annoyance and loudness for the intruding noises in complex building could be changed with background noise level, it is suggested to be researched the relationship between the noise levels and subjective response. In this study, the subjective response for three different background levels in receiving business or rooms were investigated for the typical eight business noise source including aerobic music. The results can be summarized as follows. In conditions of low background noise level(40 dB(A)), there is a tendency of intentionally attention situation (listening) in a subjective test. The other hand in conditions of relatively high background noise level(50 dB(A)), there is a unconscious situation (heraing). As the degree of moderately heard or annoyed in SD rating scale means that the noise is easily recognized in neighboring shops, usually the limit of noise criteria were decided on this rating point, so it will be reasonable to be adopted the criteria rating scale as slight heard or annoyed degree (SD criteria 3).

Quantitative evaluation and affecting factors of post-treatment relapse tendency (교정치료 후 나타나는 재발 경향에 대한 정량적 평가와 영향을 미치는 요소에 대한 연구)

  • Son, Woo-Sung;Cha, Kyung-Suk;Chung, Dong-Hwa;Kim, Tae-Woo
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.154-163
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    • 2011
  • Objective: The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate relapse tendency after orthodontic treatment and determine the contributing factors by using the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system (ABO-OGS). Methods: The subjects were 80 patients with more than 2 years of retention period after completing orthodontic treatment at the dental hospitals of Busan University, Kyunghee University, and Dankook University. The posttreatment (T2) and post-retention (T3) ABO-OGS measurements were analyzed in relation to age, gender, Angle's classification, extraction, retention period, and pretreatment condition (initial peer assessment rating (PAR) index, T1) by multiple regression analysis. Results: Among the 7 ABO-OGS criteria, alignment worsened but occlusal contact and interproximal contact improved in T3, but not in T2 ($p$ < 0.01). The 4 other criteria showed no significant differences. Multiple regression analysis showed that alignment, occlusal relationship, overjet, and interproximal contact were significant linear models, but with a low explanation power. Age, gender, Angle's classification, extraction, retention period, and pretreatment condition (initial PAR index, T1) had little influence on the ABO-OGS changes between T3 and T2. Conclusions: An orthodontist's understanding of posttreatment relapse tendency can be useful in diagnosis and during patient consultation.

Developmental Analysis of Morality(Belief, Judgment & Behavior) in Relation to Attribution (귀인 경향에 따른 도덕성(도덕신념, 판단, 행동) 발달 분석)

  • 하영희
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.271-282
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    • 1996
  • Different aspects of morality, namely, moral belief, moral judgement and moral behavior have been studied seperately. This study examined the development of these three aspects of morality in relation to internal attribution in one sample. A total of 371, third -and sixth- grade children from Masan city were responded to questionnaires on moral belief, moral judgement, and attibutional tendency. In addition, children's moral behavior was measured by the teachers' 5-item rating scale. As results, there were signigicant but low correlations among three components of morality. There were developmental differences in moral belief and moral judgement but there was no age difference in moral behavior. Compared to third graders, sixth graders were higher in moral judgement but lower in moral belief. Social experience as well as cognitive development on moral relativity could explain this paradoxical developmental trend in moral belief. There was a sex difference only on moral behavior : Girls were rated higher in moral behavior than boys. Internal attribution was significantly correlated with all three aspects of morality, .15 with moral belief, .45 with moral judgement, .14 with moral behavior, respectively. There was a significant developmental difference but no sex difference in attributional tendency: Sixth graders reported higher internal attribution than third graders. However, there was no developmental difference in correlations among internal attribution and three aspects of morality. Most importantly, internal attribution explained morality better than either age -or sex- variable. It was suggested that educational programs on morality need to focus on the internalization of it.

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Comparative Study of Relationship between the Depressive Tendency and Tenderness of Alarm Points and Transport Points (우울 경향과 복모혈(腹募穴), 배유혈(背兪穴)압통과의 관계 비교 연구)

  • Suh, Min-Jung;Kim, Song-Yi;Park, Young-Jae;Jung, Won-Mo;Cha, Su-Jin;Lee, Hyang-Sook;Lee, Hye-Jung;Park, Hi-Joon
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.97-109
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    • 2010
  • Objective : To examine whether any correlation between tendency towards depression and tenderness at special acupuncture points exists, thus to explore the potential diagnostic property of acupuncture points. Methods : A total 31 subjects were included in this study. They filled out questionnaires about their mental [Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Stress Response Inventory (SRI), Profile of Mood States (POMS)] and physical (fatigue due to overexertion, and food accumulation) symptoms. Identical weight around Alarm points (CV17, CV12, ST25, CV5, CV4, and LR13) and transport points (BL14, BL20, BL21, BL22, BL25, and BL27) was given using an algometer and the subjects rated their pain on an 11-point numerical rating scale. Heart rate variability (HRV) was also measured. Results : The subjects were divided into two groups, normal and depressive tendency groups with a cut-off point of nine on BDI. The depressive tendency group reported significantly higher values in SRI, POMS, and questionnaire for fatigue due to overexertion. In the pressure pain measurement, depressive tendency group had more pressure pain at CV12, left side of BL20, BL14, BL22 and both sides of BL21, BL25, BL27, significantly (each p<0.05). The data of HRV did not show significant differences between groups. Conclusions : People with a tendency towards depression may be prone to stress, negative mood, and fatigue due to overexertion. In addition, they may be more likely to develop tenderness at alarm points and transport points compared with healthy people. Further research is needed to confirm this finding.

Characteristics Involved in Internet Addiction Tendency of Adult Males with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (성인 남자 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 환자에서 인터넷 중독 성향에 관여하는 특성)

  • Noh, Dong Hyun;Kim, Jun Won;Min, Kyung Joon;Lee, Young Sik;Kim, Bung Nyun;Cheong, Jae Hoon;Ahn, Jee Young;Han, Doug Hyun
    • Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association
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    • v.53 no.3
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    • pp.154-161
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    • 2014
  • Objectives This study was conducted in order to investigate characteristics of temperament, depression, anxiety, attention, and impulsivity in adult males with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and internet addiction tendency. Methods The survey participants were 181 (121 patients and 60 healthy control subjects) adult males older than 19 years of age in Chung-Ang University Hospital and Gongju National Hospital. Subjects were divided according to ADHD with internet addiction tendency (AI), pure adults with ADHD (AD), and healthy control subjects (HC). All groups completed the Adult ADHD Scale (AADHD), Wender-Utah ADHD Rating Scale (WUADHD), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Korean Version of Young Internet Addiction Scale (YIAS-K), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) and Temperament Character Inventory-Revised Short version for identification of relationship between ADHD and internet addiction tendency. Results AI groups were found to have higher AADHD, WUADHD, BDI, YIAS-K, and Novelty Seeking scores, compared to the AD and HC groups. The Cooperativeness score of the AI group was significantly lower than that of the AD group and HC group. The BAI and BIS scores of the AI group and AD group were significantly higher than those of the HC group. The Self-Directedness scores of the AI group and AD group were decreased, compared to the HC group. YIAS-K scores were partially related to BDI scores in the AI group. Conclusion The results of this study indicate an association of higher score of BDI with internet addiction tendency in adult patients with ADHD. Management of temperament characteristics, depression, anxiety, attention, and impulsivity may be important for adults with ADHD and internet addiction tendency.

The Prediction of DEA based Efficiency Rating for Venture Business Using Multi-class SVM (다분류 SVM을 이용한 DEA기반 벤처기업 효율성등급 예측모형)

  • Park, Ji-Young;Hong, Tae-Ho
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.139-155
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    • 2009
  • For the last few decades, many studies have tried to explore and unveil venture companies' success factors and unique features in order to identify the sources of such companies' competitive advantages over their rivals. Such venture companies have shown tendency to give high returns for investors generally making the best use of information technology. For this reason, many venture companies are keen on attracting avid investors' attention. Investors generally make their investment decisions by carefully examining the evaluation criteria of the alternatives. To them, credit rating information provided by international rating agencies, such as Standard and Poor's, Moody's and Fitch is crucial source as to such pivotal concerns as companies stability, growth, and risk status. But these types of information are generated only for the companies issuing corporate bonds, not venture companies. Therefore, this study proposes a method for evaluating venture businesses by presenting our recent empirical results using financial data of Korean venture companies listed on KOSDAQ in Korea exchange. In addition, this paper used multi-class SVM for the prediction of DEA-based efficiency rating for venture businesses, which was derived from our proposed method. Our approach sheds light on ways to locate efficient companies generating high level of profits. Above all, in determining effective ways to evaluate a venture firm's efficiency, it is important to understand the major contributing factors of such efficiency. Therefore, this paper is constructed on the basis of following two ideas to classify which companies are more efficient venture companies: i) making DEA based multi-class rating for sample companies and ii) developing multi-class SVM-based efficiency prediction model for classifying all companies. First, the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) is a non-parametric multiple input-output efficiency technique that measures the relative efficiency of decision making units(DMUs) using a linear programming based model. It is non-parametric because it requires no assumption on the shape or parameters of the underlying production function. DEA has been already widely applied for evaluating the relative efficiency of DMUs. Recently, a number of DEA based studies have evaluated the efficiency of various types of companies, such as internet companies and venture companies. It has been also applied to corporate credit ratings. In this study we utilized DEA for sorting venture companies by efficiency based ratings. The Support Vector Machine(SVM), on the other hand, is a popular technique for solving data classification problems. In this paper, we employed SVM to classify the efficiency ratings in IT venture companies according to the results of DEA. The SVM method was first developed by Vapnik (1995). As one of many machine learning techniques, SVM is based on a statistical theory. Thus far, the method has shown good performances especially in generalizing capacity in classification tasks, resulting in numerous applications in many areas of business, SVM is basically the algorithm that finds the maximum margin hyperplane, which is the maximum separation between classes. According to this method, support vectors are the closest to the maximum margin hyperplane. If it is impossible to classify, we can use the kernel function. In the case of nonlinear class boundaries, we can transform the inputs into a high-dimensional feature space, This is the original input space and is mapped into a high-dimensional dot-product space. Many studies applied SVM to the prediction of bankruptcy, the forecast a financial time series, and the problem of estimating credit rating, In this study we employed SVM for developing data mining-based efficiency prediction model. We used the Gaussian radial function as a kernel function of SVM. In multi-class SVM, we adopted one-against-one approach between binary classification method and two all-together methods, proposed by Weston and Watkins(1999) and Crammer and Singer(2000), respectively. In this research, we used corporate information of 154 companies listed on KOSDAQ market in Korea exchange. We obtained companies' financial information of 2005 from the KIS(Korea Information Service, Inc.). Using this data, we made multi-class rating with DEA efficiency and built multi-class prediction model based data mining. Among three manners of multi-classification, the hit ratio of the Weston and Watkins method is the best in the test data set. In multi classification problems as efficiency ratings of venture business, it is very useful for investors to know the class with errors, one class difference, when it is difficult to find out the accurate class in the actual market. So we presented accuracy results within 1-class errors, and the Weston and Watkins method showed 85.7% accuracy in our test samples. We conclude that the DEA based multi-class approach in venture business generates more information than the binary classification problem, notwithstanding its efficiency level. We believe this model can help investors in decision making as it provides a reliably tool to evaluate venture companies in the financial domain. For the future research, we perceive the need to enhance such areas as the variable selection process, the parameter selection of kernel function, the generalization, and the sample size of multi-class.

A Study on the Meaning of Modern Quality Management from the Etymological Perspective of the word PumJil (品質) (품(品)과 질(質)의 연원(淵源)을 통해 살펴본 현대품질경영의 의미)

  • SIRH, Jin-Young;Sung, Si-Hun;Yoo, Han-Joo;Song, Oh-Hyun
    • Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.61-76
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: In order to use a word as academic terminology, we must first take a look at the meaning of that word as it is commonly used and then consider whether or not the connotation of that word is suitable to be used as academic terminology. Presently, the word Pumjil(品質) is being used as academic terminology occupying an important position in the field of business administration in Korea and is usually translated into English as 'quality'. The same is true in Japan. However, as is the case with many Korean words, the meaning that the word implies has a tendency to change gradually over time. This tendency can account for the changes or additions to the meaning a word connotes. Methods: This dissertation aims to escape from such biased ideas and study the meaning of 'Pum-Jil品質' from the view of humanities and exegetics. Then the natural definition of the word as far as business administration is concerned can be considered. Results: 'Pum-Jil品質' has been used amid changes in modern times(historic texts in both Korea and China. In Korea particularly, the word was used in the royal court until comparatively modern times.), and now it is also widely used in the field of business administration. In this process of change, a notable point is that 'Pum-Jil品質', which was originally used to mean 'nature or character of a man', took on a new meaning, 'a certain quality of a thing or a good'. Conclusion: 'Pum-Jil品質' should require basic functional 'quality' of goods or services as a prerequisite. And the functional quality should meet consumers' needs, as the pledge (trust; 信賴) for quality is between suppliers and consumers. Without consumer's trust for goods, the relationship between suppliers and consumers cannot be maintained. So goods must exchange with trust, not expenses. In conclusion, we believe it is reasonable to understand 'Pum-Jil品質' based on the meaning of 'evidence or similar rating for pledge (trust)' from the view of humanities and exegetics. In conclusion, we believe it is reasonable to understand 'Pum-Jil品質' based on the meaning of 'evidence or similar rating for pledge (trust)' from the view of humanities and exegetics.

Responsiveness Comparisons of Self-Report Versus Therapist-Scored Functional Capacity for Workers With Low Back Pain

  • Choi, Bongsam;Park, So-Yeon
    • Physical Therapy Korea
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.91-97
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    • 2012
  • The primary aim of this study was to compare responsiveness of self-report by worker and therapist-scored functional capacity instrument. Self-report and therapist-scored interval-level person measures and item difficulties were compared at admission and discharge. Therapist and worker ratings were collected on 230 clients from 27 rehabilitation sites using the newly developed Occupational Rehabilitation Data Base (ORDB) functional capacity instrument. ORDB comprises several subscales measuring relevant variables of "a return-to-work model" in work-related rehabilitation clinics. The functional capacity scale deals with 10 DOT job factors. The rating scale categories were 1-severely impaired, 2-moderately impaired, 3-mildly impaired, and 4-not impaired. Only data from clients with low back pain (n=98) with complete data (both admission and discharge scores) were used for the present study. Therapists and workers completed the functional capacity instrument at admission and discharge. Rasch analysis [1-parameter item response theory model (IRT)] was applied to calibrate item difficulty and person ability measure of therapist and workers ratings. Effect sizes for therapist and self-report ratings were slightly different, .69 and .30, respectively. Therapist and worker ratings were more consistent at discharge (r=.54) than at admission (r=.32). Workers have a tendency to be more severe in their ratings (show higher item difficulties) than therapists at admission and discharge. Therapists and workers report similar magnitudes of improvement following treatment program. These findings challenge the belief that injured workers may unreliable source for monitoring therapeutic outcomes. Self-report measures have the advantage of conserving therapist time for treatment (versus evaluation). While the therapist and self-report ratings are comparable at discharge, there is less consistency at admission. Comparable therapist-worker ratings may be achieved by controlling for rating severity using IRT methodologies.

Usability Evaluation Method for SOA Software (SOA 소프트웨어의 사용성 평가 방법)

  • Lee, Sang-Hyo;Yang, Hae-Sool
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.10 no.7
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    • pp.1575-1584
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    • 2009
  • Improvement of service quality and to be caused by with high re-use result expandability, the importance of SOA softwares to be coming to be high recently, according to the [thu] your (Gartner) group from 2006 until 2011 CAGR (yearly average complex growth rate: Compound it is a tendency where in Annual Growth Rate) these 35% the domestic and foreign SOA software markets are increasing suddenly at this degree. It follows hereupon and in about quality rating of SOA softwares the demand is augmented in about development of the quality rating method which it follows international standard. In order to evaluate the use characteristic quality of SOA softwares a quality and about the use frost requirement from the research which it sees and escape with the scale box it examined it measured and in about the method which it decides and an evaluation instance a research the result according to the standard which is appropriate it accomplished it presented. The research which it sees it leads and it induces strategic engineering development it leads and with the fact that it will be the possibility of raising an objectivity and an application degree it expects the use characteristic quality increase of SOA softwares.