• 복식문화연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.76-88
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• 2002

The aim of this study was to describe how the type of appeal and linguistic expression of men's wear advertisement in magazines by analyzing domestic men's and ladies' magazines published from 1990 to 1999. The periodical change in advertisement trend was also discussed. 1. Type of Linguistic expression The type of linguistic expression used in advertisements far men's wear could be classified into the following five categories : emotional expression, sensual expression, egoistic expression, informative expression, and brand name expression. The periodical trend in the use of each type of linguistic expression was as follows: the occupancy rate for the type of emotional expression was roughly 50 percent in the early 90's (1990-1993) and this percentage gradually decreased during the mid 90's (1994-1196) until the late 90's (1997-1990). Despite the decrease in occupancy rate, this type was the most commonly used. While the occupancy rate fur the type of informative expression gradually increased during the decade, occupancy growth fur the type of brand name expression was slight until its rapid expansion in the late 90's. The occupancy rate for the type of egoistic expression steadily increased during the early and mid 90's but decreased to its original percentage in the late 90's. As for the sensual expression, its occupancy was insignificant up to the mid 90's and then rapidly decreased in the late 90's. 2. Type of appeal The type of appeal used in men's wear advertisements could be classified into the four categories, sensitive appeal, sex appeal, image appeal, and quality appeal. The periodical trend in the use of each type of appeal was as follows: sensitive appeal was most commonly used during the decade ; it had an occupancy rate over 50 percent in the early 90's but the rate gradually decreased during the mid and late 90's. Sexual appeal were the least commonly used; though the occupancy rate increased during the early and mid 90's it dropped dramatically in the late 97's. The occupancy rate for image appeal gradually decreased until its growth in the late 90's. The occupancy rate fur quality appeal was insignificant in the early 90's. This percentage rapidly increased in the mid 90's but relapsed in the late 90's.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2004

The alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay, called the comet assay, has been applied to detect DNA damage induced by a number of chemicals and biological factors in vivo and in vitro. The DNA damage was analysed by tail moment (TM) and tail length (TL), which were markers of DNA strand breaks in SCGE. Human, mouse and rat peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were irradiated with different doses of $^{60}Co$ ${\gamma}$-rays, e.g. 1, 2, 4, and 8 Gy at a dose rate of 1 Gy/min. A dose-dependent increase in TM (p<0.01) and TL (p<0.01) was obtained at all the radiation doses (1-8 Gy) in human, mouse and rat PBLs. Mouse PBLs were more sensitive than human PBLs which were in turn more sensitive than rat PBLs when the treated dosages were 1 and 2 Gy. However, human PBLs were more sensitive than mouse PBLs which were in turn more sensitive than rat PBLs when the irradiation dosages were 4 and 8 Gy. Data from all three species could be fitted to a linear-quadratic model. These results indicated that there may be inherent differences in the radio-sensitivity among PBLs of mammalian species.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.414-419
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• 1987

Saccharomycopsis lipolytica의 isocitrate lyase에 대한 온도감수성 변이의 특성과 이 효소의 생화학적성질을 조사하기 위한 기초연구로서 isocitrate lyase 결손변이 균주인 MX9-11(Icl-)로부터 온도감수성을 나타내는 복귀 변이균주를 3균주 분리하고 그중 활성의 회복이 가장 높은 MX9-11RX8 균주의 성질을 조사하였다. MX9-11RX8 복귀 변이균주는 탄소원으로서 초산을 사용하였을 때 온도의 증가에 따라서 isocitrate lyase의 생성량과 비생성 속도가 감소하여 33$^{\circ}C$에서는 거의 효소를 합성하지 않았으며, 온도를 23$^{\circ}C$에서 33$^{\circ}C$로 올렸을 때 효소의 합성은 바로 정지하였지만 균체증식은 계속되었다. 한편 n-hexadecane을 탄소원으로 사용하였을 때에도 온도감수성을 나타내었으며, 온도의 shift up 후에도 isocitric acid 생산은 거의 변화가 없었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.46-49
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• 2005

생분해성인 curdlan을 아세틸화하여 소수성 약물인 IND의 치료효과를 증진시킬 수 있는 약물전달시스템 개발을 위한 실험을 수행한 결과, IND가 포함된 CAMs를 제조할 수 있었고, IND의 loading efficiency는 $58.44\%$였다. 약물 방출 거동에 영향을 미치는 요인 중 제조한 CAMs의 swelling 특성은 처음 1시간 동안 pH 1.4에서는 아무런 변화가 없었고 PH 7.4에서는 $30\%$의 swelling을 보였고 pH 1.4에서보다 pH 7.4에서의 swelling이 약 3배 높았다. 또한 CAMs로부터 IND의 방출은 pH 1.4에서보다 pH 7.4에서 약 15배 이상 증가하였다. 이러한 결과로 CAMs는 IND의 약물전달시스템으로 유용할 것이며 특히 pH에 의존하는 약물방출 경향을 보였다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.349-354
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• 2006

The aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates many of the biological and toxicological effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, dioxin) and related chemicals. The application of recombinant reporter plasmid such as the firefly luciferase gene has proven to be a very effective method to detect these chemicals. The bioassay system, CALUX, is sensitive in directly detecting AhR-agonists from a variety of environmental and biologic materials. However, responses of the AhR-dependent bioassays are dependent on the cell types used. Thus, we developed a sensitive bioassay using the recombinant mouse hepatoma cell (Hepa1c1c7) for the determination of dioxins. The recombinant cell line was stably transfected with firefly luciferase reporter gene (pGudLuc1.1). The transfected cells showed the highest induction of luciferase activity at 4.5 hr and a decrease beyond this time point. The system showed the highest sensitivity of detection ever reported. Upon TCDD exposure cells showed 2 fold increase at 10 pM and 7 fold increase at 100 pM, respectively. The passage number after the transfection played an important role in the sensitivity. The increase of passage number tended to increase the sensitivity of the cells up to 15. The media without phenol red showed a higher induction rate than with phenol red, suggesting the preferable use of phenol red-free media for the bioassay. Since each of the assays has unique characteristics that make them suitable for some screening applications and not others, development of sensitive bioanalytical methods based on a variety of cellular systems in a key to the successful determination of dioxins. The bioassay system developed in this study will contribute to further development of successful screening the AhR agonists among the environmental mixture. In addition, the rapid and sensitive nature of this cellular system can be applied as a valuable tool to screen the dioxin-like moieties among the prodrugs at the initial stage, thereby expediting the new drug discovery.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권12호
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• pp.1682-1688
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• 2017

In modern society, the number of industrial customers using equipment sensitive particularly to voltage sags is rapidly increasing. As voltage sags can cause loss of information as well as false operation of the control device, it results in the vast economic damage in industrial processes. One way to mitigate voltage sags in the sensitive loads is the installation of distributed generation (DGs) on the periphery of these loads. In addition, renewable energy sources are currently in the spot light as the potential solution for the energy crisis and environmental issues. In particular, wind power generation which is connected to a grid is rising rapidly because it is energy efficient and also economically feasible compared to other renewable energy sources. On the basis of the above information, in this paper, with Wind Turbine Generators (WTGs) installed nearby the sensitive load, the analysis of the mitigating effect comparison by types of WTGs is performed using voltage sag assessment on the IEEE-30 bus test system. That is, the areas of vulnerability according to types of WTGs are expected to be different by how much reactive power is produced or consumed as WTG reactive power capability is related to the types of WTGs. Using the concept of 'Vulnerable area' with the failure rate for buses and lines, the annual number of voltage sags at the sensitive load with the installation of WTGs per type is studied. This research will be anticipated to be useful data when determining the interconnection of wind power generation in the power system with the consideration of voltage sags.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2004

In general, an absorption chiller or heat pump is operated under the constant cooling water flow rate condition even though the system works with a partial load. The objective of this paper is to study the effect of the cooling water flow rates and the temperature of cooling water on the system performance to find the energy saving methode for the partial load operation of the double effect $H_2O$/LiBr absorption chiller. It is found that the performance of the system is sensitive to the temperature of cooling water than the cooling water flow rate, so the decrease of the performance due to reducing the cooling water flow rate can be overcome with the reduction of the cooling water temperature by 1$^{\circ}C$. The flow rate of the cooling water flow rate ranges from 50％ to 100％ of the flow rate at normal conditions with a partial load. It is also found that the operation cost of the cooling water pump and the cooling tower can be reduced by 23％.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.284-288
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• 2016

Among the various physiological information that could be obtained from human body, heartbeat rate is a commonly used vital sign in the clinical milieu. Photoplethysography (PPG) sensor is incorporated into many wearable healthcare devices because of its advantages such as simplicity of hardware structure and low-cost. However, healthcare device employing PPG sensor has been issued in susceptibility of light and motion artifact. In this paper, to develop the real-time heart rate measurement device that is less sensitive to the external noises, we have fabricated an ultra-small wireless LC resonant pressure sensor by MEMS process. After performance evaluation in linearity and repeatability of the MEMS pressure sensor, heartbeat waveform and rate on radial artery were obtained by using resonant frequency-pressure conversion method. The measured data using the proposed heartbeat rate measurement system was validated by comparing it with the data of an commercialized heart rate measurement device. Result of the proposed device was agreed well to that of the commercialized device. The obtained real time heartbeat wave and rate were displayed on personal mobile system by bluetooth communication.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제33A권4호
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• pp.121-128
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• 1996

The impact ionization rate of thethighly-doped AlGaAs/GaAs quantum well structure is calculated, which is an important parameter ot design theinfrared detector APD and the novel neural device. In conjunction with ensemble monte carlo method and quantum mechanical treatment, we analyze the effects of the parameters of quantum well structure on the impact ionization rate. Since the number of the occupied subbands increases while the energy of the subbands decreases as the width of quantum well increases, the impact ionization rate increases in the range of th esmall well width but gradually the increament slows down and is finally saturated. Due to the effect of the energy of the injected electrons into the quantum well and the tunneling through the barrier, the impact ionization rate increases for the range of the small barrier width and decreases for the range of the large barrier width. Thus, there exists a barrier width to maximize the impact ionzation rate for a mole fraction x, and the barrier width moves to the larger vaue as the mole fraction x increases. The impact ionization rate is much more sensitive to the variation of the doping density than that of the other quantum well parameters. We found that there is a limit of the doping density to confine the electronics in the quantum well effectively.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 1995

반도체검출기는 소형 및 방사선에 고감도특성을 갖고 있으나, 고에너지 광자선 및 전자선등의 조사에 의해 손상을 입어 감도저하를 초래하게 되며 계측시 선량재현성을 기대하기어려워진다. 실험대상은 P-형 실리콘 반도체검출기이며 선량율, 김출방향 및 온도 변화에 따른 선량특성이 조사되었고, 선량재현성을 높이기 위해 18 MeV 고에너지전자선으로 3KGy까지 전처리조사하고 광자선 및 전자선의 전처리조사선량에 대한 감도특성변화를 얻었다. 전처리조사가 작은 0.5KGy인 경우, 저선량율과 고선량율하의 단위선량당 감도는 약 35％의 차이를 보였으며 .3KGy인 경우 약 20％의 차이를 보여 전처리선량이 클 수록 감도차는 작아짐을 알수 있다. 실리콘 반도체검출기의 검출방향성은 임의의 조사각에서 최저치와 최대치의 선량차가 약 13％를 나타내었으며, 검출기의 온도의존성은 4도에서 35도까지 거의 선형성을 보였다.