• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.1085-1088
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• 1998

연구배경 : 많은 외상 환자에서 흉곽골이 손상에 노출되지만 흉곽골 외상 환자에서 단순 흉부 사진으로 흉곽부위 손상정도를 최종진단 하기는 어려운 경우가 많다. 특별히 흉곽골의 경미한 손상의 경우는 골주사 검사를 사용하여 명확한 진단을 할 수 있겠는데 감수성은 매우 높은 결과를 나타내었다. 재료 및 방법 : 680명의 흉곽 외상환자 중 골스캔을 환자를 대상으로 조사하였다. 결과 : 680례에서 감수성은 97.4%이고 위음성은 2.6%였다. 감수성에 있어서 검사 실시 시기가 가장 중요한 요소로 생각되며 손상 부위별로 늑골이나 흉골 골절의 경우는 1주 이후, 늑연골 접합부골절의 경우와 상기 부위골절들이 동반된 경우는 3일 이후면 언제나 우수한 결과를 보였다. 결론 : 흉부외상환자에서 골절에 대한 정확한 진단을 위하여는 적절한 시기의 골스캔이 필요하다.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 1974

During March to October 1973 at National Medical Center, one thousand four hundred sixty four pathogens that exclude penicillin sensitive organisms such as gonococcus, pneumococcus, streptococcus; ampicillin sensitive H. influenzae and gentamicin sensitive pseudomonas spp, were isolated. These strains identified as follows: Sta. aureus 399 E. coli 359 Sta. epidermidis 183 Klebsiella spp 171 Proteus spp 103 B. anitratum 80 Salmonella spp 68 Enterococcus 53 Shigella spp 48 In general, Sta. epidermidis is regarded as nonpathogen, however, author included pure culture of this bacteria in this study. 1. High susceptibility to staphylococcus reveals cephalosporin, methicillin, gentamicin & leucomycin. 2. Ampicillin is only one susceptible antibiotic to Enterococcus. 3. Cephalosporin and gentamicin reveal susceptible antibiotics to E. coli. 4. Gentamicin is only one susceptible antibiotic to Klebsiella spp. 5. Gentamicin & carbenicillin reveal moderately susceptible antibiotics to Proteus spp. 6. There is no susceptible antibiotic to B. anitratum. 7. About thirty percent strains of salmonella are resistant to chloramphenicol. 8. Carbenicillin, cephalosporin & gentamicin reveal susceptible to shigella spp. 9. Multiple resistant rate to more than two antibiotics which includes tetracycline are as follows. Sta. aureus 56.5% E. coli. 80.9% Shigella spp 93.8%

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 1999

This test process on screening method for the detection of residual antibiotics in milk is simple, economic, sensitive to residual antibiotics and was given approval international organs. Thus, this study was carried out the comparison of Disk assay method and TTC-II method for sensitivity and minimum detectable range of antibiotics in raw milk. The results of this study was summarized as follows ; 1. The number of samples requested for treatment of mastitis was 198 samples. Comparison or analytical results among the methods of TTC-II, disk assay and Delve sp was that TTC-II 37 samples(18.6% ), Disk assay 125samples(63.1%), Delve SP 130 samples(65.7% ) reacted positively. Conformity rate of Delve SP and Disk assay was 70%. 2. Detectable limits of disk assay method in some antibiotics were more sensitive than those of official method(0.05-0.0025ppm in the $\beta$-lactams, 1ppm in two aminoglycoside, 0.2 ppm in one tetracycline, similar in one macrolide) 3. For sensitivity of residual sulfonamides TTC-II was much more sensitive than disk assay. Detectable limits of sulfamethazine and sulfadimethoxine were 30 to 50ppm levels. 4. The best medium preservation period is 1-2 days. 5. Concentration of brome cresol purple related to resistance for B stearothermophilus culture was 24ppm/ml. These results show that disk assay method for screening detection of antibiotics residuces in milk is worthy of use.

• 폴리머
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.219-229
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• 2008

A pH sensitive ternary copolymer gel was synthesized in the presence of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinking agent through radical polymerization of vinyl acetate (VA), acrylic acid (AA) and methyl acrylate(MA) with a weight ratio of 1 : 1.3 : 1. A number of experiments were carried out to determine the swelling behavior of the gel under a variety of pH conditions of the swelling medium. As the pH of the swelling medium was changed from 1.0 to 8.0 at $37^{\circ}C$, the gel showed a shift in the pH-dependent swelling behavior from Fickian (n=0.3447) to non-Fickian (n=0.9125). The resulting swelling parameters were analyzed using graphical and statistical methods. The results showed that the swelling of the gel was controlled by the pH of the medium, i.e. $n=n_o{\exp}(S_{C}pH)$, where n is the diffusion exponent, $n_o(=28.9645{\times}10^{-2})$ is the pre-exponential factor and $S_C$(=0.1417) is pH sensitivity coefficient. The swelling behavior of the gel was also examined in aliphatic alcohols. The results showed that the rate of swelling increased with increasing number of carbon atoms in the alcoholic molecular chain.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.763-768
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• 2004

To investigate the feasibility of developing a new quercetin transdermal system, a preformulation study was carried out. Therefore, the effects of vehicles and pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSA) on the in vitro permeation of quercetin across dorsal hairless mouse skin were studied. Among vehicles used, propylene glycol monocaprylate (PGMC) and propylene glycol mono-laurate were found to have relatively high permeation flux from solution formulation (i.e., the permeation fluxes were 17.25$\pm$1.96 and 9.60$\pm$3.87 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$\textrm{cm}^2$/h, respectively). The release rate from PSA formulations followed a matrix-controlled diffusion model and was mainly affected by the amount of PSA and drug loaded. The overall permeation fluxes from PSA formulations were less than 0.30 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$\textrm{cm}^2$/h, which were significantly lower compared to those obtained from solution formulations. The lower permeation fluxes may be due to the decrease of solubility and diffusivity of quercetin in the PSA layer, considering the fact that the highest flux of 0.26 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$\textrm{cm}^2$/h was obtained with the addition of 0.2％ butylated hydroxyanisole in PGMC-diethyl-ene glycol monoethyl ether co-solvents (80-85 ： 15-20, v/v). Taken together, these observations indicate that improvement in the solubility and diffusivity of quercetin is necessary to realize fully the clinically applicable transdermal delivery system for the drug.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2021

This paper proposes a technique for detecting a significant threat that attempts to get sensitive and confidential information such as usernames, passwords, credit card information, and more to target an individual or organization. By definition, a phishing attack happens when malicious people pose as trusted entities to fraudulently obtain user data. Phishing is classified as a type of social engineering attack. For a phishing attack to happen, a victim must be convinced to open an email or a direct message [1]. The email or direct message will contain a link that the victim will be required to click on. The aim of the attack is usually to install malicious software or to freeze a system. In other instances, the attackers will threaten to reveal sensitive information obtained from the victim. Phishing attacks can have devastating effects on the victim. Sensitive and confidential information can find its way into the hands of malicious people. Another devastating effect of phishing attacks is identity theft [1]. Attackers may impersonate the victim to make unauthorized purchases. Victims also complain of loss of funds when attackers access their credit card information. The proposed method has two major subsystems: (1) Data collection: different websites have been collected as a big data corresponding to normal and phishing dataset, and (2) distributed detection system: different artificial algorithms are used: a neural network algorithm and machine learning. The Amazon cloud was used for running the cluster with different cores of machines. The experiment results of the proposed system achieved very good accuracy and detection rate as well.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.158-165
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• 2022

Many therapeutic class drugs such as beta-blocker, corticosteroids, NSAIDs, etc are prohibited substances in the horse racing industry. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technology makes it possible to isolate drugs from interference, enables various drug analyses in complex biological samples due to its sensitive sensitivity, and has been successfully applied to doping control. In this paper, we describe a rapid and sensitive method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) using solid phase cartridge and LC-MS/MS to screen for different class's 35 drug targets in equine plasma. Plasma samples were pretreated by SPE with the NEXUS cartridge consisted non-polar carbon resin and minimum buffer solvent. Chromatographic separation of the analytes was performed on ACQUITY HSS C18 column (2.1 × 150 mm, 1.8 ㎛). The elution gradient was conducted with 5 mM ammonium formate (pH 3.0) in distilled water and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min. The selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode was used for drug screening with multiple transitions in the positive ionization mode. The specificity, limit of detection, recovery, and stability was evaluated for validation. The method was found to be sensitive and reproducible for drug screening. The method was applied to plasma sample analysis for the proficiency test from the Association of Racing Chemist.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.395-401
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• 2004

In this study, lots of methods have been studing to utilize energy and decrease contaminated effluents. There has been great progress on IGCC (Integrated gasification combined cycle) to reduce thermal energy losses. The following results have been conducted from desulfurization experiments using waste shell to remove $H_{2}S$. Unreacted core model ior desulfuriration rate prediction of sorbent was indicated. These were linear relationship between time and conversion. So co-current diffusion resistance was conducted reaction rate controlling step. The sulfidation rate is likely to be controlled primarily by countercurrent diffusion through the product layer of calcium sulfide(CaS) formed. Maximum desulfurization capacity was observed at 0.631 mm for lime, oyster and hard-shelled mussel. The kinetics of the sorption of $H_{2}S$ by CaO is sensitive to the reaction temperature and particle size at $800^{\circ}C$, and the reaction rate of oyster was faster than the calcined limestone at $700^{\circ}C$.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제19권1E호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2007

The fracture energy evaluated from the previous experimental results can be simulated by using the modified singular fracture process zone (S-FPZ) model. The fracture model has two fracture properties of strain energy release rate for crack extension and crack close stress versus crack width relationship $f_{ccs}(w)$ for fracture process zone (FPZ) development. The $f_{ccs}(w)$ relationship is not sensitive to specimen geometry and crack velocity. The fracture energy rate in the FPZ increases linearly with crack extension until the FPZ is fully developed. The fracture criterion of the strain energy release rate depends on specimen geometry and crack velocity as a function of crack extension. The behaviors of micro-cracking, micro-crack localization and full development of the FPZ in concrete can be explained theoretically with the variation of strain energy release rate with crack extension.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.156-160
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• 1996

A vibrating angular rate sensor with tuning fork type resonator of microstructure (940*820 .mu. m$^{2}$) was designed and will be fabricated by polysilicon surface micromaching. The angular rate sensor is driven in a lateral direction by electrostatic force of comb drive electrodes, and vertical vibrations of the sensor, thich is detected capacitively, are produced by Coriolis forces due to an external angular rate. Mechanical Q factors and a difference between the frequencies of the two resonant modes, the driving mode and detecting mode, play a great role in increasing the sensitivity of the sensor. To be a highly sensitive sensor, it was designed to have as small frequency discrepancy of the two resonant modes as possible. Finite element method was used for the modal analysis. Several design parameters were selected and their contributions to the modal frequencies were investigated. A method was presented for tuning the detecting mode frequency by DC bias on the drive electrodes.