• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.339-351
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• 2007

Salmonella infections cause the diseases in poultry and some zoonotic Salmonella can be transmitted to human through poultry products, resulting in food-borne disease. This study was conducted to obtain some useful information for the control of salmonellosis in human. Twenty four Salmonella spp were isolated from poultry carcasses, and they were examined with several methods such as serotyping, antimicrobial resistance test and random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) to identify their characteristics. In serotyping test of 24 strains S enteritidis was 17 (70.8%), followed by S schwarzengrund 3 (12.5%), untyped strain 4 (16.7%). In the results of antimicrobial resistance test, 23 (95.8%) isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent, generating eight different resistance patterns. In RAPD analysis using URP-6 primer to differentiate Salmonella isolates within a serotype, 4 serogroups were divided into 10 RAPD types: 5 types in S enteritidis, 2 types in S schwarzengrund and 3 types in the remainder.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2008

Level and distribution of genetic diversity in seven populations of Albizia lucida Benth. in eastern region of the Indian sub-continent were estimated using ISSR markers. Relatively higher level of genetic diversity within populations was observed in seven populations of A. lucida (mean of 0.38). From the result of AMOVA, majority of genetic diversity was allocated within populations (96.2%) resulting in a moderate degree of population differentiation. The observed distribution pattern of I-SSR variant among the populations was coincided with the typical pattern of long-lived woody tree species. Genetic relationships among the populations, reconstructed by UPGMA method, revealed two genetic groups. The population of Anugul and Bargarh turned out to be the most closely related despite a distance location between them. These formations will be of great value in the development of conservation plans for species exhibiting high levels of genetic differentiation due to fragmentation, such as indication of conservation unit size, which populations should be chosen as priority in conservation plans and which samples should be introduced in areas with a low number of individuals of A. lucida.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.161-166
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• 1997

Nuclei were isolated from the protoplasts of Trichoderma harzianum T95 and treated with colchicine, a polyploid inducer. The nuclei were transferred into the protoplast of multi-auxotrophic Gliocladium virens G88 which cannot grow in minimal medium. The protoplast of G. virens G88 carrying the transferred nuclei were regenerated in a regeneration minimal medium containing $17{\mu}g/ml$ of chloroneb as a haploid inducer. Six intergeneric hybrids between G. virens and T. harzianum were isolated from the regeneration minimal medium. The hybrids could be classified into three types according to morphology, those with an isozyme pattern, those with an protein band and those with an randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) pattern produced by random primers and repetitive sequences. The first group was identified to be a haploid recombinant, the second group a heterokaryon, and the third appeared to be petite.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2010

We have attempted to verify 30 strains of Hypsizigus marmoreus from various mushroom stocks in Korea using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) methodology. Chromosomal DNAs of them were extracted and subjected to PCR analyses with 3 random primers. Each PCR produced approximately 30 distinct PCR bands with the size from 200 bp to 3000 bp. A dendrogram was acquired using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) clustering methodology on the basis of the DNA band pattern. The analysis revealed that 30 strains of H. marmoreus were clustered into two distinct clusters. Cluster 1 contained 3 subgroups while the cluster 2 consisted of rather diverse strains. Interestingly, Hm3-10, a wild strain collected from Deog-Yu mountain, was not included in either clusters, indicative of uniqueness of this strain. We nextly attempted to develop strain-specific DNA markers to verify a specific strain. A unique band in the RAPD gel lane of Hm0-4 was extracted and its sequence was determined. PCR with a primer set from the determined sequence revealed that the primer set gave a 250 bp DNA band only for Hm0-4, indicating that this approach works well for the strain-specific identification of H. marmoreus.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.3 s.70
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• pp.474-478
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• 2005

This study was conducted to analyze genetic characteristics and to develop the specific marker for Cheju native horse (Coo) at the level of sequence characterized amplified regions (SCARs). We collected blood samples from Cheju native horse and Thoroughbred horse (Th) and obtained genomic DNA from the blood of 50 individuals randomly selected within the breeds. Seven hundred primers were chosen randomly and were used to examin the polymorphism and 40 kinds of primers showed polymorphic RAPD band patterns between two breeds. Thirty primers of them showed horse specific bands. With the primer MG 30, amplified band of 2.0 kb showed the specificity to Cheju native horse (Cnh). Additionally MG 53 detected the thoroughbred horse (Th) specific markers at size of 2.3 kb. As the next, 2.3 kb band from MG 53 was checked with the all individuals from all the breeds of this study, and it maintained the reproducible breed specificity to thoroughbred horse (Th). With this results, 2.3 kb band was cloned into plasmid vector and sequenced bidirectionally from both ends of the cloned fragment. With the obtained sequences 10 nucleotide extended primers including the original arbitray primer were designed as a SCARs primer. Finally, the primer with extended sequence showed the reproducible breed differentiation pattern and it was possible to identify Cheju native horse (Cnh) from other breeds. The SCARs marker 2.3 kb from MG 53 could be used to identify Cheju native horse (Cnh) for not only registration but also horse breeding programe.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.384-390
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• 2004

An in vtro nucellar polyembryo propagation method was established with mature seed of the Citrus junos Sieb. 7-8 nucellar polyembryos per seed were induced on MS basal medium without plant growth regulators. The polyembryos developed to complete plantlets on teatment with IBA. These shoots grew further in MS medium without plant growth regulators. Rooting of shoots occurred on MS medium supplemented with IBA. These plantlets were successfully transplanted to small plastic pot containing soil mixture. Somatic embryos were induced from nucellar polyembryo and maturation occurred spontaneously from proliferating cultures on MS medium without growth regulators. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker analysis of in vitro and in vivo grown junos orange showed identical polymorphism indicative of their genetic stability. The RAPD polymorphism produced revealed same banding pattern in each regenerant. Hence, propagaton of junos orange by nucellalr polyembryos was efficient and produced in genetically stable plants under in vitro conditions.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.195-199
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• 1998

To induce the cellulolytic variants of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), basidiospores were irradiated at the dose of $1kGy{\sim}20kGy$ of gamma-ray. After irradiation, activities of extracellular enzymes were determined by the method of MUF residue and genetic similarity was observed by RAPD analysis of variants. Three variants of 2KG-1, 2KG-2 and 20KG-1 were clarified as highly cellulolytic isolates. It seemed that the difference of genetic similarity among variants have derived from gamma-ray radiation. It is suggested that 3 cellulolytic variants induced by gamma-ray in this experiment could play a useful role to reuse cellulosic bioresources.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.337-341
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• 2004

Morphological and genetic diversity of thirty nine safflower germplasm were collected and evaluated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Stem length and seeding to flowering days of the safflower germplasm showed $26\~117cm\;and\;76\~179$ days of variation respectively. USA originated germplasm showed higher oil content as $39\%$, but that of Japanese showed lower as $26\%$. PCA made three different cluster groups according to some agronomic characteristics of safflower. Korea originated germplasm showed similar cluster group with that of collected from USA in the PCA of stem length. But in the seeding to flowering days, it showed similar cluster pattern with that of collected from Japan rather than USA. In the experiment of RAPD analysis, total five primers showed polymorphism at the several chromosomal loci. Korea, China Japan and South Central Asia originated germplasm were differently classified with USA and South West Asia originated germplasm with lower similarity coefficient value (0.47). Most of Korea originated germplasm were grouped with South Central Asia originated germplasm with higher similarity coefficient value (0.74) conferring similar genetic background between both of them. China and Japan originated germplasm were dendrogramed with Korea originated germplasm at the 0.65 and 0.50 similarity coefficient values respectively. Some common results were expected from both of PCA and RAPD analysis, but lower genetic heritability caused by relative higher portion of environmental variance and environment by genotype interaction at the expression of those of agronomic characteristics made constraint to find any reliable results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.106-111
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• 2005

For breeding of a new rootstock for eggplant production, somatic hybrids between two species, Solanum integrifolium and S. sanitwongsei were obtained through protoplast fusion. The former species has been commonly used for rootstock for eggplant production in Japan. Eggplants on these rootstocks are more productive than ungrafted plants, but are susceptible to bacterial wilt caused Ralstonia solanacearum. While the latter species is resistant, the growth of eggplants on this rootstock is rather slow and low yield. Protoplast of both species were isolated from cotyledons, and inactivated with iodoacetamide or UV-irradiation, then fused electrically. The fused products were then cultured. Regenerated plantlets were then transplanted on soil then maintained in a green house. The plants were classified into four groups. Those in the first group showed morphological characters intermediate of the parentalspecies. The plants bore fruit with viable seeds. The plants showed a chromosome number of 2n=48, the sum of those of the parental species, and are suggested to be symmetric fusion products. While plants in the other groupswas less vigorous and showed chromosome number 2n= 68 to 72 suggesting asymmetric fusion products by genomic in situ hybridization(GISH). Isozyme pattern of shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH; EC 1.1.1.25), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH; EC 1.1.1.41) and phosphoglucomutase (PGM; EC 2.7.5.1) showed that 24 regenerated plants in three groups were somatic hybrids. Analysis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) showed that 43 S. integrifolium-specific and 57 S. sanitwongsei-specific bands were all found in 24 plants. Both somatic hybrids and its S1 plants were found to be resistant to bacterial wilt, and eggplant grafted these plants using for rootstocks were more productive than grafted mother plants. Now, S1 progenies are used for commercial eggplant production in Osaka Prefecture.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.654-660
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• 2003

To evaluate the biological diversity of fish pathogenic streptococci, 35 strains isolated from diseased olive flounder (Paralichtys olivaceus), were analyzed using a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique with the oligonucleotide commercial primer 6 (Amersham Biosciences). Api 20 Strep test, drug resistance and artificial infection were carried out for further characterization of the isolates. RAPD fingerprints showed similar pattern in 25 strains (about $71.4\%$ of 35 isolates) and these strains were designed as RA group 1. Similarities greater than $44\%$ were obtained when the Dice coefficient was applied among the isolates of RA 1. On the other hand, the reference Streptococcus iniae showed a similar RAPD profile to the isolates with similarity levels of $40-93.3\%.$ Rh I was suggested to be the dominant group isolated from olive flounder suffering from streptococcosis. However, the isolates of Rh 1 group were not classified into the same species by the Api 20 Strep identification system. There was no peculiarity in drug resistance patterns of Rh I group isolates against 7 antibacterial agents. However, only 3 of 25 isolates $(0.12\%)$ showed oxytetracycline (OTC) resistance and OTC might be a useful chemotherapeutic agent in controlling the streptococcosis by strains of RA I group in olive flounder. Fish injected intraperitoneally with $10^5$ CFU of an isolate of Rh I and RA III group showed $60\%\;and\;50\%$ accumulative mortality for 20 days, respectively ($20\%$ in control or Rh II). However luther comparative studies about differences in virulence between isolates are needed.