• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.87-93
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• 1998

Pressure ripples of hydraulic vane pump results from flow ripples due to pump geometry and reverse flow through the discharge port due to compressibility of fluid and result in vibration and noise of connected hydraulic elements. In a balanced type vane pump, cam ring curve is important factor to influence the flow ripples. Therefore, to reduce the flow ripple, it has been required that optimal selection of seal region by proper design of cam ring and each port position, and notches for preventing the excessive reverse flow. This paper has been performed analytical study of compression characteristics with major design parameter in side plate and cam ring. and examined into the role of notch and radius reduction ratio.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.533-539
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• 1997

Pressure ripple of hydraulic vane pump results form flow ripple due to pump geometry and reverse flow through the discharge port due to compressibility of fluid and result in vibration and noise of connected hydraulic elements. In a ba;anced type vane pump, cam ring curve is important factor to influence the flow ripple. Therefore, to reduce the now ripple, it has been required that optimal selection of seal region by proper design of cam ring and each port position, and notches for preventing the excessive reverse flow. This paper has been performed analytical study of compression characteristics with major design parameter in side plate and cam ring, and examined into the role of notch and radius reduction ratio.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2007

In general, the curved structures have the engineering efficiency as well as a fine view compared with straight member. Also, composite materials are composed of two or more different materials to produce desirable properties for structural strength as compared to single ones. Shell structures with composite materials have many advantages in strength and weight reduction. Therefore, composite laminated conical shells are analyzed in this study. To solve differential equations of conical shells, this paper used finite difference method. Various parametric study according to the change of radius ratio, vertex angle and subtended angle are examined. The change of radius ratio, vertex angle and subtended angle mean the change from conical shells to cylindrical shells, conical shells to circular plates and open shells closed shells, respectively.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.93-96
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• 2005

We propose a computationally efficient sphere decoding (SD) algorithm with smart radius control (SRC). As a baseline algorithm for SD, we consider the modified Schnorr-Euchner (SE) algorithm [1] (hereafter, called as the MSE algorithm). In principle, the radius after zero-forcing decision feedback equalization (ZF-DFE) estimation can be reduced further if we select a new lattice vector closer to the received signal vector than the lattice vector corresponding to the ZF-DFE estimate does. In our case, we obtain such a better lattice vector by performing a sequence of alternating one-dimensional searches, starting from the ZF-DFE estimate. We then develop a novel SRC algorithm that adopts adaptively the additional radius reduction process according to the estimated signal-to-noise-power ratio (SNR) after ZF-DFE estimation. In addition, we analyze the effect of detection ordering on the complexity for SD. Column-norm ordering of the channel matrix and optimal ordering [1] are considered here. From our analyses, we see that SRC can reduce greatly the complexity for SD and the degree of complexity reduction gets significant as the SNR decreases, irrespective of detection ordering schemes used.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.742-748
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• 2010

최근의 반복 검출 및 복호 (iterative detection and decoding : IDD) 기법에서의 연판정 방식에서는 log-likelihood ratio (LLR) 값의 신뢰도를 높이기 위해 기존의 구복호화 (sphere decoding) 방식보다는 리스트를 형성하는 구복호화방식 (list sphere decoding : LSD)이 대두되고 있다. 기존의 구복호화 방식과는 달리, 리스트 구복호화 방식은 그 성능의 우수함에도 불구하고 여러 격자 포인트들을 검출해야하므로 신호대잡음비 (signal-to-noise ratio : SNR)의 증가에 따른 복잡도의 이득을 거의 취할 수 없다. 또한 리스트 구복호화 기법은 리스트의 크기가 고정되어 있다는 점에서 비효율적이다. 본 논문에서는, 검출 과정에서 LLR에 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 격자 포인트들을 제거하는 기법을 소개한다. 이 과정은 구반경의 최적화를 바탕으로 이루어지며, 제안된 방식은 기존의 리스트 구복호화 기법과 비교하여 성능이 크게 떨어지지 않은 가운데 복잡도를 크게 감소시킨다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.331-339
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• 1999

In this study, to analyze the shaped drawing process from round bar, the practical conical die with considering die radius and bearing was defined by a mathematical expression, and also a simple technique for initial mesh generation to the shaped drawing process was proposed. The drawing of rectangular section from round bar, one of the shaped drawing process, has been simulated by using non-steady state 3D rigid plastic finite element method in order to evaluate the influence of semi-die angle and reduction in area to corner filling. Other process variables such as friction constant, rectangular ratio, die radius and bearing length were fixed during the simulation. An artificial neural network has been introduced to obtain the optimal process conditions which gave rise to a fast simulation.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2020

The groundwater during tunnel excavation not only affects the stability of the tunnel and constructability but also causes the subsidence of the upper ground due to the lowering of groundwater. Generally, the cutoff grouting is applied as a countermeasure to reduce the groundwater inflow during tunnel excavation, and the cutoff grouting is often applied in the range of plastic zone around the tunnel. However, grouting in the plastic zone is only appropriate for ground reinforcement purposes, and guidelines for the application range of cutoff grouting and the targeted permeability coefficient of the grouting zone are required. In this study, the relationship between groundwater inflow into tunnel and application range of cutoff grouting and permeability coefficient is proposed and compared with numerical analysis results. It was found that grouting with tunnel radius thickness is appropriate to reduce the groundwater inflows effectively. More than 90% reduction in groundwater inflow can be achieved when the annular area of the tunnel radius thickness is grouted with a permeability reduction ratio of 1/50~1/200.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.329-337
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• 2001

The finite element simulation model and the program to calculate the reverse moment have been developed to analyse the stress state and deformation of pipe bending using local induction heating with small bending radius in this study. The reverse moment that is to be applied on the bending arm to control the wall thinning ratio of the bending outside to within a particular value. Even though the demand of pipes with small bending radius is increasing in power plants and ship buildings, the welded elbows are still widely used. The bending process with or without a reverse moment acting on the bending arm has been simulated. The reverse moments calculated from the developed program are in good agreement with the finite element simulations and the experiments.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.215-223
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• 2021

목적: 소아 요골 원위부 골절은 가장 흔한 골절이면서 불안정 골절의 경우 정복 후에도 재전위 위험성이 높아 주의가 요망된다. 이러한 재전위에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 대하여 평가해 보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2011년 2월부터 2018년 6월까지 완전 전위된 소아 요골 원위부 불안정 골절로 본원 외래에서 보존적 치료한 6세에서 14세까지의 환자들을 대상으로 후향적 연구를 하였다. 전체 대상 환자 44예 중 재전위된 환자들에서 연령, 성별, 석고 지표, 간격 지표, 3점 고정 지표, 골절면 경사도, 관절면에서 골절선까지 거리를 환산한 골절 높이 비, 요골-제2 중수골 각도 등을 측정하여 마지막 골유합 상태에서 남은 각형성의 정도로 결과를 평가하여 비교를 하였다. 결과: 평균 9.2도(0-32.8도) 각형성이 남았으며 범주 내의 결과를 기준으로 하여 10도 미만이 29예, 10도 이상이 15예로 확인되었다. 정복 후 재전위가 발생한 군과 대조군 사이에 평가된 요소들 중 석고 지표들은 두 군 간에 차이가 없었다. 연령, 성별에서도 군 간에 차이가 없었고, 골절면 경사도, 요골-제2 중수골 각도도 차이가 없었다. 관절면에서 골절선까지의 거리를 환산한 골절 높이 비가 가장 의미 있는 안정요소로 평가되었고(p=0.001) 척골 골절이 동반된 경우도 불안정한 요소로 평가되었다(p=0.019). 결론: 소아 요골 간단부 완전 전위 골절, 특히 요골 골간단-골간 이행부의 골절의 경우 불안정한 골절로 평가되므로 좀 더 주의가 필요하며 충분한 재형성을 기대하기 어려운 연령에서는 만족스러운 결과를 위하여 수술적 치료가 선호될 수 있다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.289-300
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• 2020

Estimating the damage induced by an explosion around a blast hole has always been a challenging issue in geotechnical engineering. It is difficult to determine an exact dimension for damage zone since many parameters are involved in the formation of failures, and there are some uncertainties lying in these parameters. Thus, the present study adopted a probabilistic approach towards this problem. First, a reliability model of the problem was established and the failure probability of induced damage was calculated. Then, the corresponding exceedance risk curve was developed indicating the relation between the failure probability and the cracked zone radius. The obtained risk curve indicated that the failure probability drops dramatically by increasing the cracked zone radius so that the probability of exceedance for any crack length greater than 4.5 m is less than 5%. Moreover, the effect of each parameter involved in the probability of failure, including blast hole radius, explosive density, detonation velocity, and tensile strength of the rock, was evaluated by using a sensitivity analysis. Finally, the impact of the decoupling ratio on the reduction of failures was investigated and the location of its maximum influence was demonstrated around the blast point.