• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.625-637
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• 2022

With regard to the indolent clinical characteristics of prostate cancer (PCa), the more selective detection of clinically significant PCa (CSC) has been emphasized in its diagnosis and management. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has advanced technically, and recent international cooperation has provided a standardized imaging and reporting system for prostate MRI. Accordingly, prostate MRI has recently been investigated and utilized as a triage tool before biopsy to guide tissue sampling to increase the detection rate of CSC beyond the staging tool for patients in whom PCa was already confirmed on conventional systematic biopsy. Radiologists must understand the current paradigm shift for better PCa diagnosis and management. This article reviewed the recent literature, demonstrating the diagnostic value of pre-biopsy prostate MRI with targeted biopsy and discussed unsolved issues regarding the paradigm shift in the diagnosis of PCa.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.795-806
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• 2023

Occupational lung diseases (OLD) are a group of preventable conditions caused by noxious inhalation exposure in the workplace. Workers in various industries are at a higher risk of developing OLD. Despite regulations contributing to a decreased incidence, OLD remain among the most frequently diagnosed work-related conditions, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. A multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) is necessary for a timely diagnosis. Imaging, particularly computed tomography, plays a central role in diagnosing OLD and excluding other inhalational lung diseases. OLD can be broadly classified into fibrotic and non-fibrotic forms. Imaging reflects variable degrees of inflammation and fibrosis involving the airways, parenchyma, and pleura. Common manifestations include classical pneumoconioses, chronic granulomatous diseases (CGD), and small and large airway diseases. Imaging is influenced by the type of inciting exposure. The findings of airway disease may be subtle or solely uncovered upon expiration. High-resolution chest CT, including expiratory-phase imaging, should be performed in all patients with suspected OLD. Radiologists should familiarize themselves with these imaging features to improve diagnostic accuracy.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.67 no.3
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• pp.265-269
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• 2024

Pediatric central nervous system (CNS) vascular malformations are a group of abnormal blood vessel formations within the brain or spinal cord in children. The most crucial point of pediatric CNS vascular malformation is that no golden standard classifications exist. In addition, there is a big gap in knowledge and the viewpoint of clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists. In addition, many genes associated with pediatric CNS vascular malformation, such as Sturge-Weber-Dimitri syndrome with guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha (GNAQ) gene mutation, and cavernous malformations with cerebral cavernous malformations 1 (CCM1), CCM2, and CCM3 gene mutation, were recently revealed. For proper therapeutic approaches, we must understand the lesions' characterizations in anatomical, morphological, and functional views. In this review, the author would like to provide basic pediatric CNS vascular malformation concepts with understandable diagrams. Thus, the author hopes that it might be helpful for the proper diagnosis and treatment of CNS pediatric vascular malformations.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1938-1945
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• 2021

Breast radiologists are increasingly seeing patients with axillary adenopathy related to COVID-19 vaccination. Vaccination can cause levels I-III axillary as well as cervical lymphadenopathy. Appropriate management of vaccine-related adenopathy may vary depending on clinical context. In patients with current or past history of malignancy, vaccine-related adenopathy can be indistinguishable from nodal metastasis. This article presents imaging findings of oncology patients with adenopathy seen in the axilla or neck on cross-sectional imaging (breast MRI, CT, or PET-CT) after COVID-19 vaccination. Management approach and rationale is discussed, along with consideration on strategies to minimize false positives in vaccinated cancer patients. Time interval between vaccination and adenopathy seen on breast MRI, CT, or PET-CT is also reported.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.308-323
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• 2021

An increasing number of adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) patients continue to require life-long diagnostic imaging surveillance using cardiac CT and MRI. These patients typically exhibit a large spectrum of unique anatomical and functional changes resulting from either single- or multi-stage palliation and surgical correction. Radiologists involved in the diagnostic task of monitoring treatment effects and detecting potential complications should be familiar with common cardiac CT and MRI findings observed in patients with repaired complex ACHD. This review article highlights the contemporary role of CT and MRI in three commonly encountered repaired ACHD: repaired tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great arteries after arterial switch operation, and functional single ventricle after Fontan operation.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2020

Mammography is the primary screening method for breast cancers. However, the sensitivity of mammographic screening is lower for dense breasts, which are an independent risk factor for breast cancers. Automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) is used as an adjunct to mammography for screening breast cancers in asymptomatic women with dense breasts. It is an effective screening modality with diagnostic accuracy comparable to that of handheld ultrasound (HHUS). Radiologists should be familiar with the unique display mode, imaging features, and artifacts in ABUS, which differ from those in HHUS. The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of the clinical significance of dense breasts and ABUS screening, describe the unique features of ABUS, and introduce the method of use and interpretation of ABUS.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.72-85
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• 2021

Transfemoral access (TFA) is a widely used first-line approach for most peripheral vascular interventions. Since its introduction in cardiologic and neurointerventional procedures, several advantages of transradial access (TRA) over TFA have been demonstrated, such as patient preference, lower complication rates, early ambulation, and shorter hospital stay. However, studies reporting the safety and efficacy of this approach for peripheral vascular interventions performed by interventional radiologists are relatively few. This review aimed to summarize the technique and clinical applications of TRA in percutaneous transcatheter visceral artery embolization and the management of complications.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.537-540
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• 2020

Recently, some global cases of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia have been caused by second- or third-generation transmission of the viral infection, resulting in no traceable epidemiological history. Owing to the complications of COVID-19 pneumonia, the first symptom and imaging features of patients can be very atypical and early diagnosis of COVID-19 infections remains a challenge. It would aid radiologists and clinicians to be aware of the early atypical symptom and imaging features of the disease and contribute to the prevention of infected patients being missed.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.909-915
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• 2019

The Korean Society of Radiology and the National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency developed a primary imaging test for suspected traumatic thoracolumbar spine injury. This guideline was developed using an adaptation process involving collaboration between the development committee and the working group. The development committee, consisting of research methodology experts, established the overall plan and provided support on research methodology. The working group, composed of radiologists with expertise in musculoskeletal imaging, wrote the recommendation. The guidelines recommend that thoracolumbar spine computed tomography without intravenous contrast enhancement be the first-line imaging modality for diagnosing traumatic thoracolumbar spine injury in adults.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.211-217
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is based on the convergence establishment of a coronavirus infection management system that can occur during clinical trials by grasping the knowledge of corona, infection possibility, infection prevention possibility, and implementation level of infection prevention behavior of radiologists working at K University Hospital. It is in providing data. This study was a descriptive research study, and data were collected from 50 radiologists working at K University Hospital from March 25 to June 30, 2020. The characteristics of the subjects and their knowledge of the COVID-19, the possibility of infection, the possibility of infection prevention, and the level of implementation of infection prevention actions were surveyed, and the collected data were analyzed with SPSS 25.0. The frequency and percentage were calculated for the general characteristics and infection-related characteristics of the subjects. The correlation between variables was analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the factors influencing the progression of infection prevention behavior were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. Factors influencing COVID-19 infection prevention behavior shown in this study were 1.7 points for infection prevention behavior when corona knowledge increased by 1 point, and infection prevention activity increased by 11.3 points when the level of transmission pathway recognition rose 1 point. When the figure rose by 1 point, the infection prevention behavior increased by 4.2 points. When looking at the standard regression coefficient, preventive behavior is performed. Among knowledge, transmission path perception, and anxiety, the factor that has the greatest influence was the perception of the transmission path of COVID-19. As factors influencing the implementation of infection prevention actions, knowledge of COVID-19, awareness of transmission paths, and anxiety appear to be the potential of infection prevention, so in the event of a corona outbreak, information on infectious diseases and education on the possibility of infection prevention should be provided to promote the implementation of preventive action.