• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.38
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• pp.1.1-1.4
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• 2016

Background: This study aimed to investigate the distribution and prevalence of intraosseous loop (anastomosis between posterior superior alveolar artery and infraorbital artery) in Koreans detected on computed tomography (CT) images taken prior to sinus augmentation surgery. Methods: From the 177 patients who underwent sinus augmentation with lateral approach at Ewha Womans University Department of Implant Dentistry, 284 CT scans were evaluated. The canal height (CH), ridge height (RH), and canal height from the sinus floor (CHS) were measured on para-axial views at the first premolar, first molar, and second molar. The horizontal positions of the bony canals in the lateral wall were also classified. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t test were used to estimate the statistical differences (p < 0.05). Results: The intraosseous loops were detected in 92 CT scans (32 %). The mean vertical height of the bony canals from the alveolar crest (CH) was $23.45{\pm}2.81$, $15.92{\pm}2.65$, and $16.61{\pm}2.92mm$ at the second premolar, first molar, and second molar, respectively. In the horizontal positions of the bony canals, intraosseous type was the most predominant. The canal heights more than 15 mm and less than 17 mm were most prevalent (33.7 %) and those under 13 mm were 12.0 %. Conclusions: The radiographic findings in this study could be used to decide the lateral osteotomy line avoiding potential vascular complication. However, only one third of the canals could be detected in CT scans; a precaution should be taken for the possibility of severe bleeding during lateral osteotomy.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.149-155
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• 2001

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical results of Mitchell osteotomy and proximal metatarsal dome osteotomy in hallux valgus deformity. Materials and Methods: From January 1993 to June 2000, 28 cases (17 patients) with hallux valgus deformity who underwent Mitchell osteotomy were categorized as group I, 26 cases (16 patients) who underwent proximal metatarsal dome osteotomy were categorized as group II. We analyzed clinical results according to preoperative and postoperative clinical functional analysis and objective comparison of correction angle between two groups. Results: The average hallux valgus correction in the Mitchell osteotomy group went from $36^{\circ}$ to $11^{\circ}$, and in the proximal metatarsal dome osteotomy group, the hallux valgus angle was reduced from $32^{\circ}$ to $6^{\circ}$. The intermetatarsal angle in the Mitchell osteotomy group was corrected from $13^{\circ}$ to $9^{\circ}$, and in the proximal metatarsal dome osteotomy group the intermetatarsal angle was reduced from $14^{\circ}$ to $7^{\circ}$. Although, proximal metatarsal dome osteotomy group have shown better correction angle and radiographic results in the correction of hallux valgus angle and intermetatarsal angle but, all patients in the Mitchell osteotomy and proximal metatarsal dome osteotomy groups had no statistically significant differences of clinical functional results between two groups. Conclusion: In our studies, the proximal metatarsal dome osteotomy applied to. hallux valgus deformity was found as a good radiographic results than Mitchell osteotomy, but there were no differences between the two operations in terms of functional satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1369-1374
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• 2001

Objectives : The rates of pseudarthrosis for two- and three level fusion have been reported to be 17-63 and 50% without anterior cervical plating. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of anterior cervical plating in the treatment of multilevel degenerative cervical disease such mostly the additional risks associated with hardware implants and its benefits, fusion rate and radiographic results, and clinical outcomes. Methods : Forty-seven patients who underwent operations between 1993 and 1997 were retrospectively reviewed. The technique for operation was same for both groups(Smith Robinson with autologous iliac bone graft). Group I consisted of 35 consecutive patients treated with anterior cervical decompression and fusion with anterior cervical plate fixation. Group II consisted of 12 consecutive patients treated without plate fixation. We compared clinical outcomes by Prolo score, radiographic results in the rate of fusion, cervical lordosis by Gore angle, disc height by Farfan method, and surgical complications between two groups. Results : The favorable clinical outcomes(excellent and good) by Prolo score were observed with the use of anterior cervical plate fixation(89% vs 75%). The successful fusion rate of multilevel cervical fusion was as seen with anterior cervical plate fixation(97% vs 75%). The overall graft complication rate in multilevel fusions was decreased, with anterior cervical plate fixation, and the hardware related complications were relatively minimal without serious consequences. Conclusion : Anterior cervical plate fixation in the treatment of multilevel cervical disorders is an effective stabilizing method which provides increased bony fusion rate, decreased graft complications, maintained cervical lordosis, early mobilization of the these patients without serious hardware related complications.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.231-234
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• 2011

Objective : Infection and bone resorption are major complications of cranioplasty and have been well recognized. However, there are few clinical series describing the epidural fluid collection (EFC) as complication of cranioplasty. This study was planned to identify the predictive factors and fate of EFC after cranioplasty. Methods : We reviewed retrospectively the demographic, clinical, and radiographic data in 59 patients who underwent a first cranioplsty following decompressive craniectomy during a period of 6 years, from January 2004 to December 2009. We compared demographic, clinical, and radiographic factors between EFC group and no EFC group. The predictive factors associated with the development of EFC were assessed by logistic regression analysis. Results : Overall, 22 of 59 patients (37.3%) suffered from EFC following cranioplasty. EFC had disappeared (n=6, 31.8%) or regressed (n=6, 31.8%) over time on follow up brain computed tomographic (CT) scans. However, 5 patients (22.7%) required reoperation due to symptomatic and persistent EFC. Predictive factors for EFC were male [odds ratio (OR), 5.48; 95% CI, 1.26-23.79], air bubbles in the epidural space (OR, 12.52; 95% CI, 2.26-69.28), and dural calcification on postoperative brain CT scan (OR, 4.21; 95% CI, 1.12-15.84). Conclusion : The most of EFCs could be treated by conservative therapy. Air bubble in the epidural space and dural calcification are proposed to be the predictive factors in the formation of EFC after cranioplasty.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.95-105
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• 1994

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, radiographic and histopathologic features of 23 cases of solitary bone cyst by means of the analysis of radiographs and biopsy specimens in 23 persons visited the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University and Chunbuk National University. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The incidence of solitary bone cyst was almost equal in males(52.2%) and in females(47.8%) and the prevalent age of the solitary bone cyst were the second decade(47.8%) and the third decade (21.7%). 2. In the signs and symptoms of solitary bone cyst, pain or tenderness revealed in 17.4%, swelling revealed in 13.0%, pain and swelling revealed in 21.7%, paresthesia revealed in 4.4% and 43.5% were asymptom and the tooth vitality involved in the solitary bone cyst, 76.5% were positive and 23.5% were either positive or negative. 3. In the location of the solitary bone cyst, 47.8% present posterior region, 21.7% present anterior region, 21.6% present anterior and posterior region, 4.4% present condylar process area. 4. In the hyperostotic border of the solitary bone cyst, 47.8% were seen entirely, 21.8% were seen partialy, and 30.4% were not seen. 5. In the change of tooth, 59.1% were intact, 18.2% were loss of the alveolar lamina dura, 13.6% were root resorption 4.55% were tooth displacement, 4.55% were root resorption and tooth displacement. 6. In the change of cortical bone of the solitary bone cyst, 39.1% were intact and 60.9% were thinning and expansion of cortical bone. 7. In the histopathologic findings of 9 cases, 33.3% were thin connective tissue wall, 11.1% were thickened myxofibromatous wall, 55.6% were thickened myxofibromatous wall with dysplastic bone formation.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.223-230
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the improvement and posttreatment stability of patients treated with extraction of lower incisors. Materials and Methods: The total of 20 patients with extracted lower incisors were analyzed by means of diagnostic models and panoramic x-rays at the time of initial, final and after 2 years of retention period of the treatment. Irregularity index, overjet, overbite, tooth size-arch length discrepancy (TSALD), intercanine width, intermolar width and American Board of Orthodontics cast/radiographic evaluation (ABO-CRE) were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: After treatment, irregularity index showed significant decrease (P = 0.000). TSALD showed significant increase (P = 0.028). During retention period, irregularity index showed significant increase (P = 0.001). For ABO-CRE, total score showed significant decrease after treatment (P = 0.000) and showed average decreased which was not significant result (P = 0.053). Conclusion: Through evaluation of stability of extraction of lower incisors by means of diagnostic models and panoramic x-rays, it can be concluded that lower incisor extraction treatment had been stable for 2 years after treatment.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2009

Purpose: To longitudinally observe the healing process of extracted socket and the alterations of the residual ridge in healthy adult dogs using cone beam CT (CBCT). Materials and Methods: The mandibular premolars of two beagle dogs were removed and the extraction sites were covered with the gingival tissue. CBCTs (3D X-ray CT scanner, Alphard vega, Asahi Co.) were taken at baseline and at 1 week interval for 12 weeks. Radiographic density of extracted wounds was measured on normalized images with a custom-made image analysis program. The amount of alveolar crestal resorption after the teeth extraction was measured with a reformatted three-dimensional image using CBCT. Bony healing pattern of extracted wound of each group was also longitudinally observed and analyzed. Results: Dimensional changes occurred during the first 6 weeks following the extraction of dogs' mandibular premolars. The reduction of the height of residual ridge was more pronounced at the buccal than at the lingual aspect of the extraction socket. Radiographic density of extracted wounds increased by week 4, but the change in density stabilized after week 6. New bone formation was observed at the floor and the peripheral side of extracted socket from week 1. The entrance of extracted socket was sealed by a hard-tissue bridge at week 5. Conclusion: The healing process of extracted wound involved a series of events including new bone formation and residual ridge resorption.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 2020

Purpose: The present retrospective clinical study aimed to evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic parameters, complications, and satisfaction in patients who received fixed prostheses supported by narrow-diameter implants (NDIs) in the anterior and posterior jaw. Methods: Patients aged ≥30 years who had NDI-supported fixed prostheses in the anterior or posterior region of either jaw for at least 2 years were included. Complications such as chipping of the crown; loosening or fracture of the screw, crown abutment, or implant; and loss of retention were recorded. Clinical peri-implant outcomes and crestal bone loss (CBL) were measured. A questionnaire was used to record responses regarding the aesthetics and function of the fixed restorations. Analysis of variance was used to assess the significance of between-group mean comparisons. The log-rank test was performed to analyze the influence of location and prosthesis type on technical complications. Results: Seventy-one patients (mean age: 39.6 years) provided informed consent with a mean follow-up duration of 53 months. Only bleeding on probing showed a statistically significant difference between NDIs in the anterior and posterior regions. The complication rate for NDIs in the posterior region was significantly higher than that for NDIs in the anterior region (P=0.041). For NDIs, CBL was significantly higher around splinted crowns than single crowns (P=0.022). Overall mean patient satisfaction was 10.34±3.65 on a visual analogue scale. Conclusions: NDIs in the anterior and posterior jaws functioned equally well in terms of periimplant soft and hard tissue health and offered acceptable patient satisfaction and reasonable complication rates.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.415-425
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• 2016

Purpose: The present study investigated the impact of 2 different suture techniques, the conventional crossed mattress suture (X suture) and the novel hidden X suture, for alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) with an open healing approach. Methods: This study was a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Fourteen patients requiring extraction of the maxillary or mandibular posterior teeth were enrolled and allocated into 2 groups. After extraction, demineralized bovine bone matrix mixed with 10% collagen (DBBM-C) was grafted and the socket was covered by porcine collagen membrane in a double-layer fashion. No attempt to obtain primary closure was made. The hidden X suture and conventional X suture techniques were performed in the test and control groups, respectively. Cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images were taken immediately after the graft procedure and before implant surgery 4 months later. Additionally, the change in the mucogingival junction (MGJ) position was measured and was compared after extraction, after suturing, and 4 months after the operation. Results: All sites healed without any complications. Clinical evaluations showed that the MGJ line shifted to the lingual side immediately after the application of the X suture by $1.56{\pm}0.90mm$ in the control group, while the application of the hidden X suture rather pushed the MGJ line slightly to the buccal side by $0.25{\pm}0.66mm$. It was demonstrated that the amount of keratinized tissue (KT) preserved on the buccal side was significantly greater in the hidden X suture group 4 months after the procedure (P<0.05). Radiographic analysis showed that the hidden X suture had a significant effect in preserving horizontal width and minimizing vertical reduction in comparison to X suture (P<0.05). Conclusions: Our study provided clinical and radiographic verification of the efficacy of the hidden X suture in preserving the width of KT and the dimensions of the alveolar ridge after ARP.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.396-404
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the association between dental implants in the posterior region and traumatic occlusion in the adjacent premolars, using data collected during from 2002 to 2015. Methods: Traumatic occlusion in the adjacent premolars was assessed by examining clinical parameters (bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, fremitus, and tooth mobility) and radiographic parameters (loss of supporting bone and widening of the periodontal ligament space) over a mean follow-up of 5 years. Clinical factors (gender, age, implant type, maxillary or mandibular position, opposing teeth, and duration of functional loading) were evaluated statistically in order to characterize the relationship between implants in the posterior region and traumatic occlusion in the adjacent premolars. Results: The study inclusion criteria were met by 283 patients, who had received 347 implants in the posterior region. The incidence of traumatic occlusion in the adjacent premolars was significantly higher for splinted implants (P=0.004), implants in the maxillary region (P<0.001), and when implants were present in the opposing teeth (P<0.001). The other clinical factors of gender, age, and duration of functional loading were not significantly associated with traumatic occlusion. Conclusions: This study found that the risk of traumatic occlusion in the adjacent premolars increased when splinted implants were placed in the maxillary molar region and when the teeth opposing an implant also contained implants.