• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제42권1호
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in the management and 5-year survival rates of patients with oral cancer in our department over a 30-year period. Materials and Methods: We investigated the patient distributions, treatment methods, method of neck dissection according to cancer stage, and 5-year survival rates for 700 oral cancer patients over the periods of 1982-1996 (256 patients), 1999-2006 (248 patients), and 2007-2011 (196 patients). Results: Stage IV patients were the largest group in all of the time periods evaluated. Although surgery and radiotherapy were the most common methods in all periods (over 50%), the prevalence of patients who underwent concomitant chemoradiotherapy increased from 7.0% to 16.2%. The use of radical neck dissection decreased from 43.0% to 5.3%, while conservative surgical methods increased from 24.1% to 76.3%. Lastly, the overall 5-year survival rate increased from 31.6% to 63.5% during the study period. Conclusion: Although the 5-year survival rate reached the same level as that of other developed countries during the course of our study, most patients continue to come to the hospital with stage IV disease. In order to increase the 5-year survival rate of oral carcinoma, it may be necessary to improve public education and social efforts relevant to early diagnosis.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제14권1_2호
• /
• pp.117-123
• /
• 1992

우측 협부의 종창과 압통을 주소로 내원한 59세의 여자 환자에서 방사선 소견상 우측 상악골의 광범위한 골파괴상이 나타났고 조직생검에서 MFH로 진단되었다. 치료는 술전과 술후에 SWOG외 CY-VA-DIC요법을 변형시킨 화학요법과 총 40Gy의 $^{60}Co$ 방사선요법 그리고 우측 상악골전적출술의 삼자병용요법을 시행하였다. 술후 2년이 경과된 현재까지 재발이나 전이 등의 소경은 관찰되지 않고 있으며 환자의 예후에 대하여 주의 깊은 관찰을 계속하고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제41권6호
• /
• pp.299-305
• /
• 2015

Objectives: This article describes our experience with neck dissection in 10 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Between January 2007 and October 2009, 10 patients underwent primary surgery for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. For patients with $N_0$ disease on clinical exam, selective neck dissection (SND [I-III]) was performed. In patients with palpable cervical metastases (N+), modified radical neck dissections were performed, except in one patient in whom SND (I-III) was performed. The histopathologic reports were reviewed to assess the surgical margins, the presence of extra-capsular spread, perineural invasion, and lymphatic invasion. Results: On histopathologic examination, positive soft tissue margins were found in three patients, and regional lymph node metastases were present in five of the ten patients. Perineural invasion was noted in five patients, and extra nodal spread was found in four patients. Regional recurrence was seen in two patients and loco-regional recurrence plus distant metastasis to the tibia was observed in one patient. During the study period, three patients died. Seven patients remain free of disease to date. Conclusion: Histopathological evaluation provides important and reliable information for disease staging, treatment planning, and prognosis. The philosophy of neck dissection is evolving rapidly with regard to the selectivity with which at-risk lymph node groups are removed. The sample size in the present study is small, thus, caution should be employed when interpreting these results.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.96-105
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The standard radiation dose for patients with locally rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy is 45-50 Gy in 25-28 fractions. We aimed to assess whether a difference exists within this dose fractionation range. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed to compare three dose fractionation schedules. Patients received 50 Gy in 25 fractions (group A), 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions (group B), or 45 Gy in 25 fractions (group C) to the whole pelvis, as well as concurrent 5-fluorouracil. Radical resection was scheduled for 8 weeks after concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Results: Between September 2010 and August 2013, 175 patients were treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy at our institution. Among those patients, 154 were eligible for analysis (55, 50, and 49 patients in groups A, B, and C, respectively). After the median follow-up period of 29 months (range, 5 to 48 months), no differences were found between the 3 groups regarding pathologic complete remission rate, tumor regression grade, treatment-related toxicity, 2-year locoregional recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, or overall survival. The circumferential resection margin width was a prognostic factor for 2-year locoregional recurrence-free survival, whereas ypN category was associated with distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival. High tumor regression grading score was correlated with 2-year distant metastasis-free survival and disease-free survival in univariate analysis. Conclusion: Three different radiation dose fractionation schedules, within the dose range recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, had no impact on pathologic tumor regression and early clinical outcome for locally advanced rectal cancer.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.106-112
• /
• 2016

Purpose: To identify possible predictors of pathologic complete response (pCR) of rectal cancer after preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 53 patients with rectal cancer who underwent preoperative CCRT followed by radical surgery at a single center between January 2007 and December 2012. The median radiotherapy dose to the pelvis was 54.0 Gy (range, 45.0 to 63.0 Gy). Five-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy was administered via continuous infusion with leucovorin. Results: The pCR rate was 20.8%. The downstaging rate was 66%. In univariate analyses, poor and undifferentiated tumors (p = 0.020) and an interval of ${\geq}7$ weeks from finishing CCRT to surgery (p = 0.040) were significantly associated with pCR, while female gender (p = 0.070), initial carcinoembryonic antigen concentration of <5.0 ng/dL (p = 0.100), and clinical stage T2 (p = 0.100) were marginally significant factors. In multivariate analysis, an interval of ${\geq}7$ weeks from finishing CCRT to surgery (odds ratio, 0.139; 95% confidence interval, 0.022 to 0.877; p = 0.036) was significantly associated with pCR, while stage T2 (odds ratio, 5.363; 95% confidence interval, 0.963 to 29.877; p = 0.055) was a marginally significant risk factor. Conclusion: We suggest that the interval from finishing CCRT to surgery is a predictor of pCR after preoperative CCRT in patients with rectal cancer. Stage T2 cancer may also be an important predictive factor. We hope to perform a robust study by collecting data during treatment to obtain more advanced results.

• 대한소화기학회지
• /
• 제72권6호
• /
• pp.318-321
• /
• 2018

Primary neuroendocrine tumors originating from the extrahepatic bile duct are rare. Among these tumors, large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are extremely rare. A 59-year-old man was admitted to Sanggye Paik Hospital with jaundice that started 10 days previously. He had a history of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which he had undergone 12 years previously due to chronic calculous cholecystitis. Laboratory data showed abnormally elevated levels of total bilirubin 15.3 mg/dL (normal 0.2-1.2 mg/dL), AST 200 IU (normal 0-40 IU), ALT 390 IU (normal 0-40 IU), and gamma-glutamyl transferase 1,288 U/L (normal 0-60 U/L). Serum CEA was normal, but CA 19-9 was elevated 5,863 U/mL (normal 0-37 U/mL). Abdominal CT revealed a 4.5 cm sized mass involving the common bile duct and liver hilum and dilatation of both intrahepatic ducts. Percutaneous transhepatic drainage in the left hepatic duct was performed for preoperative biliary drainage. The patient underwent radical common bile duct and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy for histopathological diagnosis and surgical excision. On histopathological examination, the tumor exhibited large cell NEC (mitotic index >20/10 high-power field, Ki-67 index >20%, CD56 [+], synaptophysin [+], chromogranin [+]). Adjuvant concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy were started because the tumor had invaded the proximal resection margin. No recurrence was detected at 10 months by follow-up CT.

• 대한비뇨기종양학회지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.126-134
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the radiation therapy (RT) and radical prostatectomy (RP) of high-risk or locally advanced prostate cancer (PC) patients after neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study evaluated patients underwent RT (42 patients) or RP (152 patients) after NHT at a single center during 2003-2014. Times to biochemical recurrence (BCR), pelvic local recurrence (PLR), metastasis, clinical painful symptom progression (CPSP), castration-resistant PC (CRPC), and overall survival were compared between the RT and RP groups, after adjustment for TN stage, using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Results: Significant inter-group differences were observed for age, Gleason score, initial PSA, and clinical and pathological T stages (all p<0.05). During a median follow-up of 71.7 months, the overall incidences of BCR, PLR, metastasis, CPSP, CRPC, and death were 49.5%, 16.5%, 8.3%, 7.7%, 7.7%, and 17.5%, respectively. The median times to BCR were 100 months for RT and 36.2 months for RP (p=0.004), although the median times were not reached for the other outcomes (all p>0.05). The independent predictor of CPSP was RP (hazard ratio, 0.291; p=0.013). Conclusions: Despite significantly different baseline parameters, RP provided better CPSP-free survival than RT among patients with localized high-risk or locally advanced PC.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제62권1호
• /
• pp.114-122
• /
• 2019

Objective : Silent corticotroph adenomas (SCA) are endocrine-inactive pituitary adenomas with positive immunohistochemistry staining for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). We investigated whether SCA-associated clinical profiles were more aggressive than hormonally negative adenomas (HNA). Methods : Among 627 patients with pathologically proven endocrine-inactive pituitary adenomas between 2004 and 2013, positive immunohistochemistry revealed 55 SCAs and 411 HNAs. Surgical outcomes and radiological and endocrinological characteristics were compared. Results : Strong female predominance was observed in the SCA group (p<0.001). Cavernous sinus invasion was identified in 22 (40%) SCA patients and 72 (17.6%) HNA patients (p<0.001). There were no differences in ACTH or cortisol levels between the two groups. The incidence of preoperative hypopituitarism and postoperative hormonal outcome did not differ between two groups. Total resection was achieved in 35 patients (63.7%) with SCA and 332 patients (80.8%) with HNA (p=0.007). When tumors were completely removed, recurrence rates were not statistically different between two groups (p=0.60). When complete resection was not achieved, tumors regrew from these remnants in seven patients (35.0%) with SCA and 12 patients (15.2%) with HNA (p=0.05). Conclusion : Total surgical resection for SCA is often challenging as these tumors frequently invade a cavernous sinus. Early remnant tumor intervention is justified, because untreated residual pituitary tumors regrow when patients were followed up for a long time. Prophylactic radiotherapy is not warranted for completely resected SCAs as tumor recurrence is uncommon.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제47권4호
• /
• pp.291-314
• /
• 2021

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the retromolar trigone (RMT) is a rare but potentially fatal disease that carries a poor prognosis due to its unique anatomic position. RMT SCCs tend to spread to vital nearby structures, including the tonsillar pillar, masticatory muscles, and underlying mandibular bone, even in their early stages, and aggressive treatment is often warranted. This systematic review appraises and qualitatively analyzes all available literature regarding the survival outcomes and prognosis of RMT SCC. Four databases were searched to identify all eligible articles published since January 1980. Of the 1,248 studies, a total of 15 studies representing 4,838 cases met the inclusion criteria. The evaluated patients had a high rate of advanced tumor stage (T3 or T4: 61.4%), lymph node metastasis (38.8%), and mandibular bone invasion (24%) at the time of diagnosis. Aggressive surgical treatments such as lip-splitting (92%), segmental mandibulectomy (61.1%), radical neck dissection (44.1%), and reconstruction using free flaps (49.5%) was undertaken for 92% of the pooled patient population. The mean rates for local, regional, and systemic recurrence were 23.40%, 8.40%, and 8.50%, respectively. The mean 5-year overall survival rate was 38.90%. Osteonecrosis was noted in 11.6% of the 328 patients who received radiotherapy. In conclusion, RMT SCC is generally associated with high recurrence, low survival, and high postoperative complication rates. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment are thus warranted. However, significant methodological problems hamper current knowledge. Future studies of this topic that use randomized or cohort designs are thus needed.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.49-54
• /
• 2009

목 적: 제 1 병기 성인 고환 정상피종 환자에 대한 임상적 고찰과 함께 근치적 고환절제술 후 보조적 방사선 치료와 고환절제술 단독치료의 결과를 후향적으로 분석 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1996년 1월부터 2005년 9월까지 삼성서울병원에서 제 1 병기 정상피종으로 진단을 받은 환자 32명의 순수 정상피종(pure seminoma) 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 근치적 고환절제술 후 22명은 보조적 방사선 치료를 시행하였고, 10명은 추가치료 없이 종양표지자와 복부골반 전산화단층촬영을 이용한 정기적 추적관찰을 행하였다. 방사선 치료는 10~15 MV 광자선을 사용하였으며 일일치료선량 1.8~2 Gy로 총 24~30.6 Gy (중앙값, 25.2 Gy)를 대동맥주위림프절(L1~L5)에 이문조사하였다. 전체 추적관찰기간은 근치적 고환절제술 시행일을 기준으로 24~155개월(중앙값, 96개월)이었다. 결 과: 환자의 연령은 22~58세(중앙값 34세)였고, 임상적으로 진단 전 주증상은 음낭 종괴 및 불편감이 대부분이었다. 이중 2명에서 잠복고환의 병력이 있었으며, 병리적으로 32명 중 23명에서 정상피종에 관내배아세포종(intratubular germ cell neoplasia)이 동반되어 있었다. 술후 보조적 방사선 치료를 시행한 군은 분석시점에 모든 환자가 무병상태로 100%의 국소제어율 및 생존율을 보였다. 술후 추적관찰만을 시행한 군은 10명 중 1명에서 좌측 대동맥주위 림프절에 재발하여 구제 항암화학요법 후 완전관해되었으며 국소제어율 88.9%, 생존율 100%를 보였다. 결 론: 제 1 병기 정상피종에서 근치적 고환절제술 후 보조적 방사선 치료를 시행한 군과 추적관찰만을 시행한 군간에 생존율의 차이는 없었다. 환자수가 적고 추적관찰기간이 짧기는 하지만 재발 후 항암화학요법으로 구제가 잘 되고, 방사선 치료시 이차암의 가능성이 있음을 고려한다면 정기적인 추적관찰이 가능한 환자에서 수술 후 방사선 치료를 생략할 수도 있겠다.