• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.1419-1424
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• 2024

Secretin PilQ is an antigenically conserved outer membrane protein that is present in most meningococci and PorA is a major protein that elicits bactericidal immune response in humans following natural disease and immunization. In the present study, BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously with rPilQ406-770 or rPorA together with Freund's adjuvant (FA). Serum antibody responses to serogroup A and B Neisseria meningitides whole cells or purified proteins and functional activity of antibodies were determined by ELISA and serum bactericidal assay (SBA), respectively. Serum IgG responses were significantly increased in the immunized group with rPilQ406-770 or rPorA together with FA compared to control groups. IgG antibody response of mice immunized with rPilQ406-770 was significantly more than mice immunized with rPorA (OD at 450 nm was 1.6 versus 0.83). The booster injections were effective in increasing the responses of antirPilQ406-770 or anti-rPorA IgG significantly. Antisera produced against rPilQ406-770 or rPorA demonstrated strong surface reactivity to serogroup B N. meningitides in comparison with control groups. Antisera raised against rPorA or rPilQ406-770 and FA demonstrated SBA titers from 1/1024 to 1/2048 against serogroup B. The strongest bactericidal activity was detected in sera from mice immunized with rPilQ406-770 mixed with FA. These results suggest that rPilQ406-770 is a potential vaccine candidate for serogroup B N. meningitidis.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.629-636
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• 2014

To minimize secondary damages from marine environment pollution resulting from marine accidents, International Maritime Organization(IMO) adopted "Guidelines on Places of Refuge(POR) for ships in need of assistance" as Resolution A.949(23) in it is 23rd General Assembly in 2003 and recommends Parties to the Organization designate PoR. This resolution suggests that they establish a "Decision-Making process" so as to provide reasonable PoR when disabled ships request use of PoR. Korea has not been performed introduce a PoR system in the country. Therefore, there is no decision-making process to deal with ships which need PoR. When Korea implements the PoR system in the future, the nation should establish a Decision-Making process to provide reasonable PoR in case ships in need of assistance request for PoR. In order to present what should be considered in the process of establishing a Decision-Making process for PoR in Korea in the future, in this study presents matters which should be considered in the process of founding PoR Decision-Making processes. When Korea tries to conduct POR system so that other countries' PoR Decision-Making process and the relating process of IMO and REMPEC (Regional Marine Pollution Emergency Response Centre for the Mediterranean Sea) were investigated and analyzed. In addition, in times of marine accident in Korea's sea areas, Korea's action manuals for marine accident which regulates management for an accident is analyzed and articles will be presented to be taken into account during establishing final PoR Decision-Making process.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 2008

Here, some classes of regular order semigroups are discussed. We shall consider that the problems of the existences of (multiplicative) inverse $^{\delta}po$-transversals for such classes of po-semigroups and obtain the following main results: (1) Giving the equivalent conditions of the existence of inverse $^{\delta}po$-transversals for regular order semigroups (2) showing the order orthodox semigroups with biggest inverses have necessarily a weakly multiplicative inverse $^{\delta}po$-transversal. (3) If the Green's relation $\cal{R}$ and $\cal{L}$ are strongly regular (see. sec.1), then any principally ordered regular semigroup (resp. ordered regular semigroup with biggest inverses) has necessarily a multiplicative inverse $^{\delta}po$-transversal. (4) Giving the structure theorem of principally ordered semigroups (resp. ordered regular semigroups with biggest inverses) on which $\cal{R}$ and $\cal{L}$ are strongly regular.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.153-161
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• 1985

As a preliminary step for production of large quantities of porcine leucocyte interferon(Por IFN-${\alha}$), various factors such as the sources of leucocytes, inducers and culture conditions were investigated. In addition, an assay system for the potency of porcine interferon was developed in a micro-system by using porcine kidney cell line, PK-15, and vesicular stomatitis virus. By the experiments, it was found that the porcine leucocyte interferon was synthesized more effectively in the leucocyte suspension with the higher viability and the lesser erythrocyte contamination. Regarding cell sources, the peripheral leucocytes produced a consistently higher unit of interferon than the spleen cells. When the efficiency of inducers was compared, the Sendai virus at the concentration of 125 HA unit/ml was found to be more effective for porcine leucocyte interferon production than the Newcastle disease virus. Average potency of 9 batches of the crude interferon measured by the established assay system was 1,200 unit/ml.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.58-66
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• 2009

The 2-year rodent carcinogenicity test involves long-term, repetitive dosing of animals that is both time consuming and expensive. Alternative approaches have been attempted using specific transgenic or knockout mice or toxicogenomics to predict carcinogenicity without conducting a 2-year rodent test. In addition, toxicogenomic analysis of carcinogen-treated animals could also enhance our understanding of molecular mechanisms and aid in the diagnosis of acute toxicity induced by carcinogens. Therefore, we investigated transcription profiles after administering the carcinogens 4,4-dimethylformamide (DMF) and 4-biphenylamine (ABP). BALB/c male mice were treated once with DMF (650 mg/kg i.p.) or ABP (120 mg/kg p.o.). Standard blood biochemistry and histological changes were observed. Gene expression profiles in the livers of mice treated with either vehicle or the carcinogens were analyzed using the Affymetrix $GeneChip^{(R)}$ assay. In all, 1,474 differentially expressed genes in DMF- or ABP-treated mice were identified as being either up- or down-regulated over 1.5-fold (P< 0.01), and these genes were analyzed using hierarchical clustering and Ingenuity Pathways Analysis. Of these, 107 genes were consistently regulated in both carcinogen-treated groups. Genes associated with cancer were upregulated (Por, S100a10, Tes, Ctcf, Ddx21, Eapp, Nel, and Pa2g4) or downregulated (Cbs and Gch1). Toxicological function analysis also identified genes involved in organ toxicity, including hepatotoxicity. These data may help to identify molecular markers for acute hepatotoxicity induced by carcinogens.