• 제목/요약/키워드: quercus mongolica

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소나무림(林)과 신갈나무림(林)의 흉고직경급(胸高直徑級) 분석(分析)과 천이(遷移)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (Study on the DBH Analysis and Forest Succession of Pinus densiflora and Quercus mongolica Forests)

  • 송호경;장규관
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제86권2호
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    • pp.223-232
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    • 1997
  • 본 연구는 강원도와 경상북도 지역에 분포하고 있는 소나무 군락과 신갈나무 군락을 대상으로, 1991년부터 1994년 사이에 Mueller-Dombois & Ellenberg의 방법에 의하여 162개의 방형구를 설치하여 조사하였으며, CCA ordination과 흉고직경급을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 흉고직경급 분석에서 소나무 군락은 신갈나무 군락 또는 굴참나무 군락으로 천이가 될 것으로 추정된다. 그리고 신갈나무 군락은 전체적으로 신갈나무 우정림으로 지속될 것으로 예상되고, 신갈나무-생강나무 군락은 신갈나무, 물푸레나무, 피나무가 교목층에 공존하는 삼림으로 유지될 것으로 추정되며, 신갈나무-분비나무 군락은 낙엽활엽수인 신갈나무와 상록침엽수인 잣나무와 분비나무 등이 교목층에 혼재되어 균형을 이룰 것으로 추정된다. 2. 주요 수종과 환경과의 상관관계를 보면, 소나무 군락에서 신갈나무는 해발고가 보통이고 전질소, 유기물함량, C.E.C. 등의 양료가 보통인 곳에 분포하며, 소나무, 졸참나무, 굴참나무 등은 해발고가 낮고 전질소, 유기물함량, C.E.C. 등의 양료가 적은 곳에 분포하고 있었다. 3. 신갈나무 군락에서는 신갈나무, 당단풍 등이 $Mg^{{+}{+}}$, $Ca^{{+}{+}}$, C.E.C 등의 양료가 중간인 사면부에 분포하고, 분비나무, 주목, 잣나무 등이 해발고가 높고 $Mg^{{+}{+}}$, $Ca^{{+}{+}}$, C.E.C 등이 적은 능선부에 분포하며, 서어나무, 젓나무 등이 해발고가 중간이고 $Mg^{{+}{+}}$, $Ca^{{+}{+}}$, C.E.C 등의 양료가 중간인 곳에 분포하고 이엇다. 또한 음나무, 까치박달나무, 만주고로쇠 등이 습하고 $Mg^{{+}{+}}$, $Ca^{{+}{+}}$, C.E.C 등의 양료가 많은 계곡부에는 분포하고, 소나무, 물푸레나무 등이 건조하고 해발고가 낮은 능선부에는 분포하고 있었다.

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The Effect of Raffaelea quercus-mongolicae Inoculations on the Formation of Non-conductive Sapwood of Quercus mongolica

  • Torii, Masato;Matsuda, Yosuke;Seo, Sang Tae;Kim, Kyung Hee;Ito, Shin-Ichiro;Moon, Myung Jin;Kim, Seong Hwan;Yamada, Toshihiro
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제42권2호
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    • pp.210-214
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    • 2014
  • In Korea, mass mortality of Quercus mongolica trees has become obvious since 2004. Raffaelea quercus-mongolicae is believed to be a causal fungus contributing the mortality. To evaluate the pathogenicity of the fungus to the trees, the fungus was multiple- and single-inoculated to the seedlings and twigs of the mature trees, respectively. In both the inoculations, the fungus was reisolated from more than 50% of inoculated twigs and seedlings. In the single inoculations, proportions of the transverse area of non-conductive sapwood at inoculation points and vertical lengths of discoloration expanded from the points were significantly different between the inoculation treatment and the control. In the multiple inoculations, no mortality was confirmed among the seedlings examined. These results showed that R. quercus-mongolicae can colonize sapwood, contribute to sapwood discoloration and disrupt sap flows around inoculation sites of Q. mongolica, although the pathogenicity of the fungus was not proven.

현존식생 내 초본층과 매토종자와의 관계 (The Relationship Between Soil Seed Bank and Ground Layer of Actual Vegetation in Korea)

  • 신현탁;이명훈
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.127-135
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    • 2011
  • This study was carried out in each three study areas of Pinus densiflora community and Quercus mongolica community from March 5th, 2008 to October 15th, 2010 to analyze the relationship between seed bank and the actual vegetation of the lower layer. Based on the relationship between the lower layer of actual vegetation and the germination of seed bank, all of three study areas, the similarity of the actual vegetation of the lower layer and seed bank were high in Plot 1 (84.62%) and Plot 3 (89.91%). As for Quercus mongolica community, the similarity was high between the actual vegetation of the lower layer and seed bank in Plot 4 (82.24%) and Plot 6 (89.47%). Especially, the germination of the pine seed banks in the Pinus densiflora community compared to other tree species appeared in all. In Quercus mongolica community, Quercus mongolica did not appear among the seeds germinated in the seek bank, but the other tree species constituting the under layer of the community. In case of the restoration based on the actual vegetation, it is desirable to sue the lower layer of vegetation as the model for the making of its alternatives for restoration works of the species.

Classification and Ordination Analyses of the Vegetation of Mt. Seondal, Korea

  • Kim, Young-Sik;Kim, Chang-Hwan;Kil, Bong-Seop
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제23권6호
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    • pp.453-460
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    • 2000
  • The forest vegetation of Mt. seondal was classified into eight communities and one afforestation by the phytosocialogical method (Z-M method). In general, Quercus mongolica trees occupied most of the area, while afforestation forest was distributed on the lower slope, cultivated land, and at the vicinity of village. The vegetation on the top part of Mt. Seondal was comparatively well preserved, but that in the lower areas has been disturbed heavily by human activity and some had mixed forests composed of pine trees, oaks, ashes, and Rhododendron micrantum shrub. By cluster analysis method. nine groups were identified as follows : Quercus mongolica group, Q. mongolica - Pinus densiflora group, Q. mongolica - Rhododendron schlipen - bachii group, Q. mongolica - Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa group, P. densiflora group, Juglans mandshurica group, Fraxinus mandshurica group, Betula costata group and Larix leptolepis group. These groups showed differences in species composition, but Quercus mongolica, Q. mongolica - P. densiflora, Q. mongolica - R. schlippenbachii and Q. mongolica - S. chinensis for. pilosa groups among them showed very similar floristic composition to each other. In the relationship between polar ordination axes and environmental variables, altitude was the environmental factor determining variation in species composition along axis X and soil moisture was the environmental along axis Y. They were the main factors in determining forest vegetation. The result of cluster analysis and polar ordination for the forest vegetation were corresponded to those of phytosocialogical classification in classifying vegetation.

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Allometry, Basal Area Growth, and Volume Equations for Quercus mongolica and Quercus variabilis in Gangwon Province of Korea

  • Choi, Jung-Kee;You, Byung-Oh;Burkhart, Harold E.
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제96권2호
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    • pp.189-196
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    • 2007
  • Allometry, basal area equations, and volume equations were developed with various tree measurement variables for the major species, Quercus mongolica and Quercus variabilis, in Korean natural hardwood forests. For allometry models, the relationships between total height-DBH, crown width-DBH, height to the widest portion of the crown-total height, and height to base of crown-total height were investigated. Multiple regression methods were used to relate annual basal area growth to tree variables of initial size (DBH, total height, crown width) and relative size (relative diameter, relative height) as well as competition measures (competition index, crown class, exposed crown area, percent exposed crown area, live crown ratio). For tree volume equations, the combined-variable and Schumacher models were fitted with DBH, total height and crown width for both species.

Energy Content and Photosynthetic Efficiency of Quercus mongolica Stands in Korea

  • Kwon, Ki-Cheol;Lee, Don Koo
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제95권5호
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    • pp.562-568
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    • 2006
  • This study was conducted to examine the energy content and photosynthetic efficiency of Quercus mongolica stands in Korea. Study sites were located in Mt. Joongwang, Gangwon-do (1,000 m and 800 m above sea level), Mt. Baekwoon, Jeollanam-do (800 m a.s.l.), Mt. Halla, Jeju-do (1,000 m a.s.l.), Mt. Taehwa, Gyeonggi-do (350 m a.s.l.), and Mt. Wolak, Chungcheongbuk-do (300 m a.s.l.). Total energy content and annual energy accumulation in Q. mongolica stands were 2,916-6,435 GJ/ha and 284-441 GJ/ha, respectively. Lower latitude (N.L.) stands of Q. mongolica showed higher energy contents than higher latitude stands, but Quercus stands in Mt. Baekwoon had higher annual energy accumulation than those in Mt. Halla located at a lower latitude. During the growing season, the photosynthetic efficiency of 60 to 70-year-old Q. mongolica stands ranged from 1.19 to 1.34% while that of 35-year-old stands did from 1.87 to 1.95%. There were no significant differences in photosynthetic efficiency among the latitudes because solar radiation was higher in low latitudes.

대전 갑하산과 우산봉의 산림식생 분석 (Forest Vegetation Analysis of Gabhasan and Woosanbong in Daejeon, Korea)

  • 김효정;이미정;지윤의;강병선;이규석;송호경
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제25권5호
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    • pp.297-303
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    • 2002
  • 본 연구는 대전에 위치한 갑하산과 우산봉의 산림식생 현황을 파악하기 위해 2001년 6월부터 9월까지 총 62개의 조사구를 선정하여 중요치와 흉고직경급 및 ordination 분석을 실시하였다. TWINSPAN 방법으로 식생을 분류한 결과 신갈나무군락, 소나무군락, 굴참나무군락, 상수리나무군락으로 구분되었다. 4개의 군락에서 중요치를 분석한 결과는 소나무, 굴참나무, 신갈나무, 졸참나무, 때죽나무 등의 순으로 나타났다. 흉고직경급 분석 결과 현재 소나무와 굴참나무가 우점하고 있으나, 앞으로 신갈나무, 졸참나무, 산벚나무 등의 중요치가 증가할 것으로 판단된다. Ordination을 분석한 결과 신갈나무군락은 해발고가 높고, 경사가 급한 지역에 분포하고 있으며, 소나무군락은 해발고가 비교적 높고 경사가 중간인 지역에 분포하고 있다. 굴참나무군락은 해발고가 낮고 경사가 완만한 지역에 분포하고 있으며, 상수리나무군락은 해발고가 가장 낮고 경사가 비교적 완만한 지역에 분포하고 있다.

월악산국립공원 영봉지역의 식생과 토양특성 (Vegetation and Soil Properties of the Young-bong Area in Woraksan National Park)

  • 신경현;권혜진;송호경
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.43-55
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    • 2011
  • This study was carried out to analyze vegetation, soil characteristic, and ordination of the Young-bong region in Woraksan National Park. Communities by species in Woraksan forest were composed of Quercus mongolica community group. This community group was classified into Pinus densiflora community, Quercus variabilis community, Carpinus cordata community and Quercus mongolica community. In the study, it was found that the composition of organic matter was 9.6~19.6%, nitrogen (0.3~0.7%), available phosphorous (4.5~8.8mg/kg), exchangeable K ($0.3{\sim}0.5cmol^+/kg$), exchangeable Ca ($1.6{\sim}6.75cmol^+/kg$), exchangeable Mg ($0.8{\sim}1.55cmol^+/kg$), cation exchange capacity (C.E.C.; $7.6{\sim}32.95cmol^+/kg$), and pH was 4.5~5.1 respectively. The Carpinus cordata community were mostly found in high elevation and high percentage of total nitrogen, C.E.C., and organic matter. Controversially, Pinus densiflora community and Quercus variabilis community were found mostly in low elevation and low percentage of total nitrogen, C.E.C., and organic matter. The Quercus mongolica community were found in medium elevation and medium percentage of total nitrogen, C.E.C., and organic matter.

Component Analysis of Acorns of Quercus mongolica and Quercus Variabilis

  • Lee, Hyunseok;An, Chanhoon;Han, Sangurk;Lee, Wiyoung;Jang, Kyunghwan
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • 제32권2호
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    • pp.103-112
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    • 2016
  • To compare seed components of plus trees, seed powder ground after seedcoat removal was analyzed for two oak species, i. e., Quercus monglica (white oak) and Quercus variabilis (red oak), which are typical oak trees in Korea but have different fruiting characteristics. Thus we aimed at analyzing and comparing many ingredients including minerals, sugars, etc. Two species were similar to each other in the content of water, crude ash, crude protein and carbohydrates, but crude lipid content in Q. variabilis was 2.5 times higher than that in Q. mongolica. Crude proteins of Clone 124 was 1.5 times higher than that of Clone 75 in Q. mongolica. Crude lipid content showed the highest value in Clone 0511 of Q. variabilis, and more phosphate and iron was found in Q. monglica than in Q. variabilis. Glucose showed 85.4% and 88.3% on average of the total monosacchrides in two species, and galactose and arabinose were also found. In the content of phosphate, iron, and crude lipid, differences were found between two species and among clones of two species.

북한산국립공원 도봉산 송추-도봉 구간의 능선부 식생구조 (Vegetation Structure of Mountain Ridge from Songchu to Dobong in the Bukhansan National Park, Korea)

  • 엄태원;김갑태
    • 한국환경생태학회지
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.106-112
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    • 2008
  • 북한산국립공원 능선부 식생구조를 파악하고자, 송추$\sim$도봉구간 능선부에 방형구$(400m^2)$ 22개를 설정하여 식생을 조사하였다. 식물군집을 분류한 결과 22개 조사구는 신갈나무군집, 신갈나무소나무군집의 2개 군집으로 분류되었다. 도봉산 송추도봉지구 구간의 능선부는 대부분 신갈나무가 우점하고 있었으며, 해발고가 낮은 일부지역에서 소나무, 졸참나무, 상수리나무 등이 혼효하고 있었다. 수종간의 상관관계에서는 신갈나무와 졸참나무, 졸참나무와 당단풍, 소나무와 당단풍은 부의 상관이 인정되었구 상수리나무와 졸참나무, 신갈나무와 진달래, 리기다소나무와 철쭉꽃, 팥배나무와 진달래, 리기다소나무와 소나무, 소나무와 아까시나무, 당단풍과 쪽동백나무, 함박꽃나무와 노린재나무는 정의 상관이 인정되었다. 조사지의 군집별 종다양성 지수는 $0.997\sim1.160$ 범위로 다른 국립공원들의 식생구조와 비슷하였다.