• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1706-1710
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• 2019

Background: Despite frequent shoulder injuries of rotator cuff muscle of golfers by the result of overuse and poor swing mechanics, there is little research on shoulder specific rehabilitation exercises for injured rotator cuff muscle and golf swing Objective: To examined the effect of rehabilitation exercise for golfers on the X factor and ground reaction force (GRF) according to phase of the golf swing. Design: Crossover study Methods: The participants were 13 amateur golfers selected for a 4 week rehabilitation exercise for golfers. A rehabilitation exercise for golfers consisting of 5 steps and 4 items (sleeper stretch, full side plank, push up to plank, high plank knee unders) were applied to all participants. A three dimensional motion analyzer and force platform (SMART-E, BTS, Italy) were used to measure the X factor (angle between shoulder and pelvis at top of back swing) and GRF according to phase of the golf swing. All dependent variables were measured before and after exercise. The collected data was analyzed using the paired t test and SPSS 21.0. Results: The GRF had a statistically significant increase in the impact phase and ratio impact/weight after rehabilitation exercise for golfers (p<.05). The X-factor, GRF in top of back swing and finish were no significant differences between before and after exercise (p>.05). Conclusions: These results suggested that rehabilitation exercise for golfers was effective for increasing GRF in the impact phase and ratio impact/weight for amateur golfer.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.237-247
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• 2019

The key issue for the finite element analysis (FEA) of section steel reinforced concrete (SRC) structure is how to consider the bond-slip performance. However, the bond-slip performance is hardly considered in the FEA of SRC structures because it is difficult to achieve in the finite element (FE) model. To this end, the software developed by Python can automatically add spring elements for the FE model in ABAQUS to considering bond-slip performance. The FE models of the push-out test were conducted by the software and calculated by ABAQUS. Comparing the calculated results with the experimental ones showed that: (1) the FE model of SRC structure with the bond-slip performance can be efficiently and accurately conducted by the software. For the specimen with a length of 1140 mm, 3565 spring elements were added to the FE model in just 6.46s. In addition, different bond-slip performance can also be set on the outer side, the inner side of the flange and the web. (2) The results of the FE analysis were verified against the corresponding experimental results in terms of the law of the occurrence and development of concrete cracks, the stress distribution on steel, concrete and steel bar, and the P-S curve of the loading and free end.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.649-662
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• 2020

Although several types of rigid shear connectors have been developed particularly to increase load-carrying capacity, application is limited due to the complicated details of such connection. In this study, push-out tests were performed for specimens with hybrid shear connectors using headed studs and shear plates to identify the effects of each parameter on the structural performance of such shear connection. The test parameters included steel ratios of headed stud to shear plate, connection length, and embedded depth of shear plates. The peak strength and residual strength were estimated using various shear transfer mechanisms such as stud shear, concrete bearing, and shear friction. The hybrid shear connectors using shear plates and headed studs showed large load-carrying capacity and deformation capacity. The peak strength was predicted by the concrete bearing strength of the shear plates. The residual strength was sufficiently predicted by the stud shear strength of headed studs or by shear friction strength of dowel reinforcing bars. Further, the finite element analysis was performed to verify the shear transfer mechanism of the connection with hybrid shear connector.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.595-606
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• 2021

This paper conducted mainly for forecasting the behavior of the shear connectors in steel-concrete composite beams based on the different factors. The main goal was to analyze the influence of variable parameters on the shear strength of C-shaped and L-shaped angle shear connectors. The method of ANFIS (adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system) was applied to the data in order to select the most influential factors for the mentioned shear strength forecasting. Five inputs are considered: height, length, thickness of shear connectors together with concrete strength and respective slip of the shear connectors after testing. The ANFIS process for variable selection was also implemented in order to detect the predominant factors affecting the forecasting of the shear strength of C-shaped and L-shaped angle shear connectors. The results show that the forecasting methodology developed in this research is useful for enhancing the multiple performances characterizing in the shear strength prediction of C and L shaped angle shear connectors analyzing.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the muscle activity of the lower trapezius (LT) during three different shoulder flexion exercises. Methods: Twenty-three subjects between 20 and 25 years of age were enrolled. The subjects were asked to perform three different shoulder flexion exercises: 1) shoulder flexion in prone (SFP), 2) shoulder flexion in push-up with a swiss ball (SFPUS) and 3) shoulder flexion in a quadruped position with a swiss ball (SFQPS) in random order. The muscle activity of LT during each shoulder flexion exercise was measured by using surface electromyography. The muscle activity of LT was compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test among three different shoulder flexion exercises. The statistical significance level was set at α=0.01. Results: The muscle activity of LT was significantly different among three different shoulder flexion exercises (SFP, SFPUS, and SFQPS). The LT muscle activity with SFQPS exercise was greater than SFP and SFPUS exercises (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in LT muscle activity between SFP and SFPUS exercises (p>0.01). Conclusion: The LT muscle activity was greater during SFQPS than SFP and SFPUS. Therefore, SFQPS exercise can be recommended for selectively activation of LT muscle.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.21-32
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims to test the influence of brand relationship, price, content, brand awareness, and electronic Word-Of-Mouth (eWOM) on willingness to pay for the subscription fee of Disney+ Hotstar. As the latest streaming service provider in Indonesia, Disney + Hotstar under Disney Media and Entertainment Distribution has actively conducted strategies to strengthen the brand and attract consumers. Research design, data and methodology: Structural Equation Modelling with WarpPLS approach was used to assess the proposed model gathering data from 316 people who have ever known about Disney+ Hotstar through an online survey using measurement items from previous literature. Results: Most responses were obtained from millennial generations. Findings demonstrated that brand relationships, price, content, and brand awareness positively influenced willingness to pay for the subscription fee whereas eWOM showed a negative and insignificant influence on the willingness to pay for the subscription fee. Conclusions: The most significant factor towards willingness to pay a for subscription fee is price, followed by brand awareness, brand relationship, and content. The result of this study may be used as a guide for professionals in the streaming service industry to better implement their strategies in influencing people to have the willingness to subscribe.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.267-282
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• 1997

This study was to test the relationship between regular physical exercise and physical fitness in nursing students. These subjects were 54 volunteers who agreed with intention of this study and were composed of 24 active group and 30 non-active group. The selected physical fitness tests were grip strength and back strength for measuring muscular strength, sargent jump and standing broad jump for measuring power, push-up, sit-up, and heart rate for measuring total endurance, reaction time and side step test for measuring agility, stick test and stork stand for measuring balance, and trunk flexion and trunk extension for measuring flexibility. The conclusion acquired was as follows : 1) Grip strength had significant difference between active group of $29.5{\pm}5.9kg$ and non-active group $25.4{\pm}7.2kg$(t=2.283, p=.027), and back strength between active group of $54.1{\pm}13.7kg$ and non-active group of $44.7{\pm}15.7kg$(t=2.310, p=.025), 2) Sargent jump was lower with non-active group($44.9{\pm}8.6cm$) than with active group($45.3{\pm}8.8cm$), however, was not significant(t=.182, p=.856). Standing broad jump was significantly lower with non-active group of $161.3{\pm}28.7cm$ than with active group of $191.4{\pm}27.0cm$(t=3.939, p=.000). 3) Push-up showed significant difference between active group of $25.3{\pm}12.3times$ and non-active group of $11.5{\pm}5.1times$(t=5.572, p=.000), and sit-up between active group of $21.8{\pm}7.4times$ and non-active group of $17.1{\pm}5.8times$(t=2.631, p=.011), and heart rate between actvie group of $110.5{\pm}12.8$beats/min and non-active group of $121.5{\pm}9.5$beats/min(t=-3.648, p=.001). 4) Reaction time was significantly higher with non-active group of $.300{\pm}.051sec$ than with active group of $.341{\pm}.041sec$(t=-3.285, p=.002). Side step test was lower with non-active group($8.8{\pm}1.1times$) than with active group($9.2{\pm}1.2times$), however, was not significant (t=1.309, p=.196). 5) Stick test showed not significant difference between active group of $25.8{\pm}14.8sec$ and non-active group of $30.7{\pm}17.9sec$(t=-1.058, p=.295), and stork stand between active group of $4.5{\pm}3.2sec$ and non-active group of $3.7{\pm}3.5sec$(t=.918, p=.363). 6) Trunk flexion came out not significant difference between active group of $14.2{\pm}5.0cm$ and non-active group of $15.8{\pm}7.3cm$(t=-.927, p=.358), and trunk extension between active group of $67.1{\pm}6.5cm$ and non-active group of $67.3{\pm}6.6cm$(t=-.140, p=.889). 7) Power was shown to be significantly related to total endurance(r=.717, p=.000 ; r-.739, p=.000). 8) Total endurance was shown to be significantly related to agility(r=-.752, p=.000 ; r=.684, p=.000 ; r=-.664, p=.000 ; r=.598, p=.002 ; r=.864, p=.000 ; r=-.536, p=.007). These results suggest that regular physical exercise is effective in promoting and maintaining physical fitness. As the further study, it is necessary to reinvestigate the effect with more refined design.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.569-578
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• 2013

In a super-tall building construction, thick and large-sized embed plates are usually used to connect mega structural steel members to RC core wall or columns by welding a gusset plate on the face of the embed plate with T-shape. A large amount of heat input accumulated by weld passes causes the plates to expand or deform. In addition, the temperature of concrete around the plates also could be increased. Consequently, cracks and spalls occur on the concrete surface. In this study, the effect of weld heat on embed plates and 80MPa high strength concrete is investigated by considering weld position (2G and 3G position), edge distance, concrete curing time, etc. Measured temperature of the embed plates was compared with the transient thermal analysis results. Finally, push-out tests were performed to verify and compare the shear studs capacity of the embed plate with design requirement. Test result shows that the shear capacity of the plate is reduced by 14%-19% due to the weld heat effect and increased as the concrete curing time is longer.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2019

Purpose - The Millennial Generation, which grew in the wake of the spread of the Internet and rapid changes in the media environment, is rapidly moving from the traditional broadcasting environment to the Internet-broadcasting environment in terms of content acceptance. With the emergence of UGC (User-generated content), the change in the status of single-person content creators enables the growth of multi-channel networks (MCN), a new content-distribution platform and an agency concept for single creators. Youtube-based MCN produces multiple single star producers and casts and provides its own video series through Youtube. It is also emerging as a major M&A target for global media providers in terms of providing content to a wide range of consumers with the same interests and consumption characteristics. In addition, for the Millennials generation, which are part of their lives, MCN is becoming the most suitable media for TGIF (Twitter, Google, i-phone, Facebook). Accordingly, this study defines newly emerging MCNs and analyzes the factors for accepting MCN-produced content based on the push-pull-mooring (PPM) model. Research design, data, and methodology - An empirical analysis is performed through a questionnaire survey. For this purpose, 204 people who have experience of watching MCN were studied. Collected data is processed through analysis of a structural equation model using R to test the hypothesis. Results - For the MCN service to become an alternative to existing media, it is necessary to continuously promote cultural diversity and diversity of attempts that conventional media cannot provide. It is the attractiveness of the alternative that has the greatest influence on the intention to switch to a MCN service. When we look at MCN content so far, certain patterns such as game progress, introduction, food, and chat rooms have already appeared. We need to overcome this and develop a completely new conceptual content that we have never seen before. This requires a more generous viewer perception of the topics covered. For diversity, linguistic and verbal violence should be tolerant in common sense to provide a foundation for securing cultural diversity. Conclusions - In this study, we tried to develop a comprehensive approach to the substitution effect of MCN. In terms of academic achievement, the PPM model is used to enhance the utilization of media and broadcasting. Practical implications are to provide an analytical framework for verifying alternative or complementary effects when viewers switch to MCN.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2017

Background: Police work is generally sedentary although there may be situations that require physical endurance and strength, such as foot chases and arresting suspects. Factors such as excessive body fat can impede an officer's physical ability to deal with such occurrences. Our objective was to examine associations between officers' body fat percentage (BF%) and performance on a standardized fitness protocol. Methods: Data were obtained from fitness screening among 1,826 male and 115 female officers in a large US police agency. The screening consisted of a 2.4-km run, push-ups, sit-ups, and sit-and-reach test. Sex-specific body fat percentages were estimated from skinfold thickness measured using calipers. Linear regression models were used to examine unadjusted and adjusted mean scores of fitness tests across BF% tertiles. Results: The prevalence of overall fitness was 4.3 times greater in male officers and 3.6 times greater in female officers having the lowest BF% tertile compared with the highest tertile (30.3% vs 7.1% and 46.0% vs 12.8%, respectively). BF% was linearly and positively associated with the time of 2.4-km run (p < 0.001), and linearly and inversely associated with the number of push-ups (p < 0.001), sit-ups (p < 0.001), and the distance of sit-and-reach (p < 0.001) in men. Similar associations were observed in women with the exception of sit-and-reach (p = 0.122). Associations were independent of age, race/ethnicity, rank, and duty station. Conclusion: Overall, BF% was inversely associated with fitness levels in male and female officers. Future longitudinal studies should be initiated to explore the potentially causal relationship between BF% and fitness in law enforcement officers.