• 식물병연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.326-333
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• 2011

Ralstonia solanacearum에 의해 발생하는 토마토 풋마름병에 대하여 저항성으로 알려진 토마토 순계 품종의 국내 병원균에 대한 저항성 반응을 온도별로 평가하였다. 한국에서 분리된 R. solanacearum 균주로 토마토 순계 6 품종의 저항성을 평가한 결과 기존에 저항성으로 알려진 토마토 순계들이 한국 분리균주에 대하여는 대부분 저항성을 유지하지 못하였다. 병원성이 강한 균주인 SL341 (race 1, biovar 4) 균주는 검정한 대부분의 품종에서 온도에 관계없이 강한 병원성을 보였다. 반면, 담배에서 분리된 균주인 SL1944(race 1, biovar 4)은 온도에 따라 발병진전이 현저하게 차이가 났다. Moneymaker와 Bonny Best와 같은 품종은 온도에 관계없이 SL1944에 대하여 감수성이었다. 그러나, 풋마름병 저항성 품종으로 알려진 Hawaii 7998, Hawaii 7996, B-blocking 품종은 오히려 상대적으로 고온인 조건($35^{\circ}C$에서 14시간 명조건과 $28^{\circ}C$에서 10시간 암조건)에서 급격히 발병하였다. 병 진전은 동일한 품종의 낮은 온도에서 병 진전이나 Moneymaker나 Bonny Best 같은 품종에서 동일한 고온 조건의 발병에 비해 눈에 띄게 빨랐다. 본 연구결과는 국내에서 분리된 균주들이 기존에 저항성 토마토 품종을 가해할 수 있으며 고온조건에서는 품종의 저항성 붕괴의 가능성으로 급격한 풋마름병이 유발될 수 있음을 제시한다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2015

In this paper, the effect of flow stress, friction, temperature, and velocity on finite element predictions of metal flow lines after cylindrical upsetting is presented. An actual three-stage hot forging process involving an upsetting step is utilized and experimental metal flow lines are measured to study the effect of the various process variables. It was found that temperature and velocity for reasonable values of friction have little influence on metal flow lines especially those located deep within the cylinder but that flow stress has a direct influence on the flow lines. It was shown that a pure power law material model cannot reflect the real flow stress of hot material because it underestimates the flow stress especially around the dead-metal zone for the upsetting of a cylindrical specimen. It is thus recommended that a proper lower limit of flow stress be assumed to alleviate this issue.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.229-241
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• 2012

Kuramata Shiro's design has been evaluated as an unseen type of beauty. He created totally different aesthetics from functional furniture by utilizing glass, acrylic, and expanded steel mesh which usually are inappropriate for making furniture. Kuramata told that his design always starts from zero status. By doing so, he could be free from the existing notion and form of furniture. This means that every function and every form must be based on his own understanding and experiment in order to produce newness. Owing to these efforts, we can regard his design as artworks. Kuramata tried to bring forth formative lines inside contour of furniture rather than to deform only the formal outlines of furniture. These lines are very delicate and sometimes ephemeral. But they establish formal potentiality of phenomenological being of beauty. Also those lines are built from humble industrial material but they open the truth of thing itself and introduce the beauty to field of aletheia. At the same time, transcending limitation of function and use, they leave pure form and temporariness. So, lines become a field of Heideggerian rift which produces embodiment of form. We can appreciate his design through these lines that are relatively thin but vivid enough to follow his original world of art.

• 천문학회보
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.72.1-72.1
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• 2011

We investigate the relation between AGN gas metallicity and their host galaxy stellar metallicity using a sample of local Seyfert 1 galaxies. Stellar metallicity is measured from stellar absorption lines while AGN gas metallicity is derived from the flux ratios of UV emission lines. We use a high quality spectra obtained from the Lick AGN Monitoring Project, to obtain pure host galaxy spectra based on the spectral decomposition analysis, leading to accurate measurements of the Mg2 (5175) and Fe (5270) indices. In the case of AGN gas metallicity, we measure the ratio of NV1240 to CIV1549 lines using UV spectra from the archival IUE and HST STIS data. We will present the results of metallicity measurements and comparison between AGN and stellar metallicity, and discuss the implications of the results.

• 천문학논총
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.177-179
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• 2012

We present Spitzer IRS spectroscopy of $CO_2$ ice toward 19 young stellar objects (YSOs) with luminosity lower than $1L_{\odot}$. Pure $CO_2$ ice forms only at elevated temperatures, T > 20 K, and thus at higher luminosities. Current internal luminosities of YSOs with L < $1L_{\odot}$ do not provide such conditions out to radii of typical envelopes. Significant amounts of pure $CO_2$ ice would signify a higher past luminosity. We analyze $15.2{\mu}m$ $CO_2$ ice bending mode absorption lines in comparison to the laboratory data. We decompose pure $CO_2$ ice from 12 out of 19 young low luminosity sources. The presence of the pure $CO_2$ ice component indicates high dust temperature and hence high luminosity in the past. The sum of all the ice components (total $CO_2$ ice amount) can be explained by a long period of low luminosity stage between episodic accretion bursts as predicted in an episodic accretion scenario. Chemical modeling shows that the episodic accretion scenario explains the observed total $CO_2$ ice amount best.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.233-242
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• 1999

In the present study, the elasto-plastic analysis of prismatic plate structures subjected to pure bending is carried out using the finite strip method. The end cross-sections of the structure are assumed to remain plane during deformation, and the compatibility along corner lines is ensured by choosing proper displacement functions. The effects of both the initial geometrical imperfections and residual stresses due to fabrication are included in the combined geometrically and materially nonlinear simulation. The von-Mises yield criterion and the Prandtl-Reuss flow theory of plasticity are applied in modelling the elasto-plastic behavior of material. Newton-Raphson iterations are carried out as the rotation of the end cross sections of the structure is increased step by step. The parameter representing the overall axial strain of structure is adjusted constantly during the iteration process in order to eliminate the resulting overall axial force on any cross-section of the structure in correspondence with the assumption of zero axial force in pure bending. Several numerical examples are presented to validate the present method and to investigate the effects of some material and geometrical parameters.

• 화훼연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2009

덩굴 페튜니아의 $F_1$품종 육성을 위한 순계를 선발하기 위하여 품종 및 계통을 수집하여 2004년부터 자가 수분을 매년 1회 또는 2회 실시하여 2008년에는 자식(selfing) 5세대($S_5$) 또는 7세대($S_7$)를 진전시켰으며, 유지하여온 계통 중에서 생육 및 개화 특성이 균일한 surfinia petunia 20개 계통과 wave petunia 28개 계통을 최종적으로 선발하였고 이들의 특성은 다음과 같다. Surfinia petunia는 엽수가 300개 이상이고 초폭이 60 cm 이상으로 생육이 왕성한 계통으로 '$Pe99-017^7$' 등 10개 계통을, 식물체당 개화수가 150개 이상으로 많은 계통으로 '$Pe99-008-1^7$' 등 14개를 선발하였다. 선발된 계통을 화색별로 구분하면 적자색 그룹은 '$Pe99-017^7$' 등 13계통이고, 자주색 그룹은 '$Pe99-007^7$' 등 3계통이고, 남색 그룹은 '$Pe04-086^5$'와 '$Pe04-159^5$' 계통이고, 흰색 그룹은 '$Pe04-072-1^5$'이다. 이들 선발 계통들의 엽장이 3.0~4.0 cm로 작은 계통들은 '$Pe04-086^5$' 등 7개이고, 화경이 4.0~5.0 cm로 작은 계통들은 '$Pe02-205-2^5$' 등 8개이다. 측지수는 6.0개에서 11.0개 정도였으며 절간장은 2.0~4.2 cm로 분포되었다. Wave petunia는 엽수가 200개 이상이고 초폭이 60 cm 이상으로 생육이 왕성한 계통들로는 '$Pe99-020^7$'등 10개 계통이고, 식물체당 개화수가 150개 이상으로 많은 계통들은 '$Pe04-034-2^5$' 등 12개이다. 선발된 계통의 화색에 있어서 적색 그룹은 '$Pe04-113-4^5$'등 3개 계통이고, 적자색 그룹은 '$Pe99-020^7$' 등 18개 계통이고, 자주색 그룹은 '$Pe04-270-2^5$'이고, 청보라색 그룹은 '$Pe04-201^5$'과 '$Pe04-263^5$'계통이며, 보라색 그룹은 '$Pe04-072-5^5$'계통이고, 백색 그룹은 '$Pe04-180-2^5$' 등 3개 계통이다. 엽장이 3.0~4.0 cm로 작은 계통은 '$Pe04-263^5$' 등 11개 이고, 화경이 4.0~5.0 cm로 작은 계통은 '$Pe04-201^5$' 등 9개 이다. 측지수는 8.0개에서 13.0개 정도이고 절간장은 1.0~3.0 cm로 분포되었다. 본 연구로 육성된 덩굴 페튜니아 계통들은 일대잡종 품종육성을 위한 우수한 자원이 될 것으로 본다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2017

본 연구는 국산 신품종 토종닭을 개발하기 위하여 국내 토종닭 GPS 계통들을 대상으로 $5{\times}5$이면 교배조합 시험을 실시하여 교배조합별 성적을 토대로 최적의 종계 조합을 선발하고자 하였다. 총 25개 교배조합의 암컷 1,157수를 대상으로 주요 생산능력인 생존율, 체중, 시산일령, 난중, 일계산란율 및 산란지수를 조사하고 분석하였으며, 각 조합별 형질들의 잡종강세효과도 추정하였다. 분석 결과, 성계의 평균 생존율은 순계구가 67.7%, 교잡구가 77.1%로 나타났다. 체중 측정 결과, 이들 25개 조합은 뚜렷한 3개의 그룹 즉, 9개의 고체중구, 12개의 중체중구 및 4개의 저체중구로 구분되었다. 12주령 평균 체중은 고체중구는 $1,873.8{\pm}43.0g$, 중 체중구는 $1,595.4{\pm}56.6g$, 저 체중구는 $1,152.7{\pm}24.7g$이었으며, 순계구는 $1,560.2{\pm}339.3g$, 교잡구는 $1,640.9{\pm}213.7g$이었다. 산란능력에 있어 시산일령은 순계구는 $139.7{\pm}4.9$일, 교잡구는 $135.8{\pm}5.1$일이었고, 평균 난중은 순계구에서 $52.3{\pm}1.6g$, 교잡구는 $53.0{\pm}1.6g$이었다. 20주령부터 40주령까지의 산란지수는 순계구가 $58.3{\pm}12.9$개, 교잡구는 $69.2{\pm}10.4$개였다. 잡종강세 효과 추정에 있어 전체 조합에 대한 평균 생존율은 16.9%, 12주 체중은 5.4%, 시산일령은 -2.7%, 난중은 1.3% 및 일계 산란율은 14.3%의 잡종강세율을 나타내었다. 전반적으로 생존율 및 산란형질들의 잡종강세 효과가 성장형질에 비해 높게 나타났다. 이상을 종합할 때 최적의 실용계 생산을 위하여 부계통으로는 우수한 성장능력을 가진 HF 조합구의 선정이 바람직하고, 모계통으로는 우수한 산란능력을 가진 GW 및 FW 조합구의 선정이 바람직하리라 예측된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2010

The Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) has been used in folk medicine to treat cancers. However, limited information exists on the underlying anticancer effects of the major component of I. obliquus in vivo. We hypothesize that the pure compounds ($3{\beta}$-hydroxy-lanosta-8,24-dien-21-al, inotodiol and lanosterol, respectively) separated from I. obliquus would inhibit tumor growth in Balbc/c mice bearing Sarcoma-180 cells (S-180) in vivo and growth of human carcinoma cells in vitro. To test this hypothesis, the growth inhibition of each subfraction isolated from I. obliquus on human carcinoma cell lines (lung carcinoma A-549 cells, stomach adenocarcinoma AGS cells, breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells, and cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa cells) was tested in vitro. Then, after S-180 implantation, the mice were fed a normal chow supplemented with 0, 0.1 or 0.2 mg of subfraction 1, 2 or 3 per mouse per day. All of the subfractions isolated from I. obliquus showed significant cytotoxic activity against the selected cancer cell lines in vitro. Subfraction 1 was more active than subfraction 2 and subfraction 3 against the A549, AGS and MCF-7 cancer cell lines in vitro. In in vivo results, subfraction 1 isolated from I. obliquus at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/mouse per day significantly decreased tumor volume by 23.96% and 33.71%, respectively, as compared with the control. Subfractions 2 and 3 also significantly inhibited tumor growth in mice bearing S-180 as compared with the control mouse tumor. Subfraction 1 isolated from I. obliquus showed greater inhibition of tumor growth than subfractions 2 and 3, which agrees well with the in vitro results. The results suggest that I. obliquus and its compounds in these subfractions isolated from I. obliquus could be used as natural anticancer ingredients in the food and/or pharmaceutical industry.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2002

In order to survey the radiation characteristics of pure line noise of unwanted noise from overhead high voltage AC transmission lines, a disk type gap noise generator was manufactured. Disk size which decides capacitance between the noise generator and earth was selected through preliminary indoor experiments and analysis by using surface charge method. The capacitance is one of principal parameters related to the injection of a proper noise current into lines. On the basis of the capacitance obtained from calculation, 5mm of space was given to the gap of the noise generator to be installed o test line and an aluminum disk of 60cm radius was made. The field experiments were performed with the noise generator hung on the Kochang 765 kV full scale test line. As the results, the useful data which can be used to analysis the radiation characteristics of noise from transmission lines were obtained. Those are the directivity of antenna toward the line, lateral profiles, frequency spectra, height pattern and so on.