• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1996년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.211-215
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• 1996

This paper presents comparisons of pullout load of concrete with compressive strength of cylinders and cores, pulse velocity, and rebound number. A pullout test, which is a relatively new nondestructive technique, measures with a special tension ram the force required to pullout a specially shaped steel rod whose enlarged end has been cast into a concrete block. In this study 3 concrete mixes(normal strength, high-strength & super-high-strength) were made. From each mix, one 100$\times$70$\times$20 concrete block, 24 cylinders$(\phi10mm)$were casted. Each tests were performed on the concrete blocks at 3, 7, 28, and 91days. The test data shows that the pullout test is superior to the rebond hammer and the pulse velocity measurements on the evaluation of concrete strength. The pullout test is satisfactory for estimating the strength of in situ concrete at both early and late age, and its results can be reproduced with an acceptable degree of accuracy.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2005년도 지반공학 공동 학술발표회
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• pp.517-520
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• 2005

The embedded suction anchor(ESA) is and anchor that is driven by a suction pile. The cross-sectional shape of the ESA anchor is circle. Its diameter is the same as that of the suction pile that is used to drive it into the seafloor. For the installation, the anchor is attached to the tip of the suction pile and then driven as a unit with the pile by and applied suction pressure. Once the ESA anchor reaches the desired depth, the pile is retrieved by applying a positive pressure. Finally, only the ESA anchor remains in the soil layer. This paper presents the results of centrifuge model tests to investigate ESA pullout capacity. The main parameters that have effects on the pullout capacity of ESA may include g-level, embedded depth, direction of loading, and loading point. The results of tests show that the pullout loading capacities increase as the loading point shift toward the tip of the anchors for a given loading direction. They also indicate that the loading point associated with the maximum pullout loading capacity is located at approximately 67 percent of the anchor length from the top for the horizontal load.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 강재스트립 보강재에 횡방향으로 연속되는 지지부재가 결속된 새로운 형태의 보강재에 대하여 대형인발시험을 수행하여 인발저항력을 평가하였다. 시험결과, 지지저항은 수직응력에 대한 영향을 받는 것으로 확인되었으며, 이는 인발저항 평가시 마찰저항과 지지저항을 각각 산정하여 설계에 반영해야 함을 의미한다. 따라서 본 실험대상 보강재의 지지부재에 의한 지지저항강도를 산정한 결과, 수직응력에 따른 수동지지저항에 의한 의존도가 매우 높은 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.5-19
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• 2010

본 연구는 가압식 압축형 지반앵커의 실내모형 챔버시험, 현장시험을 통해 가압그라우팅이 지반앵커의 인발저항력에 미치는 영향을 고찰하고 현장 군앵커 인발시험을 통해 압축형 지반앵커의 군효과 특성을 규명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 3가지 시료에 대한 실내시험 결과, 가압그라우팅으로 인한 앵커체의 직경 증가량은 시험값과 공동팽창 이론에 의한 값이 대체적으로 일치하였다. 또한 지반의 투수계수에 따른 가압 그라우팅 최소 주입시간을 제안하였다. 현장시험 결과 가압그라우팅으로 인한 앵커체의 직경 증가, 구근 표면 거칠기 증가, 인발저항력 증가의 효과는 SPT-N치가 작은 상대적으로 연약한 지반에서 가압 그라우팅의 효과가 큰 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 SPT-N치가 50이상인 지반에서는 가압그라우팅의 효과를 기대할 수 없는 것을 확인하였다. 현장시험결과를 바탕으로 단위극한주면마찰력 산정식을 지반의 SPT-N치에 대한 함수로 제안하였다. 또한 현장 군앵커 인발시험 결과를 바탕으로 앵커간격과 영향원추반경의 비 및 앵커간격과 천공직경의 비의 2가지 형태로 압축형 지반앵커에 적합한 군효과 저감률 산정식을 제안하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.277-284
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• 2000

Using the large diameter (D ＝ 2,500mm, L ＝ 40m) batter steel pipe piles, designed as compression piles but used as reaction piles during the static compression load test of socketed test piles (D ＝ 1,000mm, L ＝ 40m), static pile load tests for large diameter instrumented rock-socketed piles were performed. The reaction steel pipe piles were driven 20m into the marine deposit and weathered rock layer and then l0m socketed with reinforced concrete through the weathered rock layer and into hard rock layer. Steel pipe and concrete in the steel pile part, and concrete and rebars in the socketed parts were instrumented to measure strains in each part. The pullout amounts of reaction pile heads were also measured with LVDT. During the static pile load test, total compressional load of about 20MN was loaded on the head of test piles, but load above 20MN was not loaded due to lack of loading capacity of loading system. Over the course of the study, maximum pullout amount up to 7mm was measured in the heads of reaction piles when loaded op to 10MN and 1mm of pullout amount was measured. More than 85% of pullout load was transfered in the residual weathered rock layer and about 10% in the soft rock layer, which was somewhat different transfer mechanism in the static compressional load tests.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.203-208
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• 2001

Objectives of this study included design of head and evaluation of the pullout performance of the headed reinforcement that can be used to replace standard hooks in the building exterior beam-column joints. Results of 36 pullout tests are presented. Test variables included reinforcing bar diameters (16-25mm), embedment depth (6-7db), transverse reinforcement, and single-vs.-group pullout behavior. The square head designed had gross area of 4Ab and thickness of db. The headed reinforcement made of Dl6 bars developed pullout strengths close to the bar yield strength, but larger bars developed strengths smaller than the yield strengths. The pullout resistance increased with decreasing spacing of the transverse reinforcement. Use of column ties with 6.0-db spacing improved the pullout performance of the headed bars without causing difficulties in fabricating the specimens. The comparison of the pullout performances between the headed bars and the standard hooks revealed that strengths, stiffnesses, and ductile behaviors are about the same.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2018

Pullout tests are usually employed to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of reinforced soil, and the load-displacement curve can be obtained easily. This paper presents an analytical solution for predicting the full-range mechanical behavior of a buried planar reinforcement subjected to pullout based on a bi-linear bond-slip model. The full-range behavior consists of three consecutive stages: elastic stage, elastic-plastic stage and debonding stage. For each stage, closed-form solutions for the load-displacement relationship, the interfacial slip distribution, the interfacial shear stress distribution and the axial stress distribution along the planar reinforcement were derived. The ultimate load and the effective bond length were also obtained. Then the analytical model was calibrated and validated against three pullout experimental tests. The predicted load-displacement curves as well as the internal displacement distribution are in closed agreement with test results. Moreover, a parametric study on the effect of anchorage length, reinforcement axial stiffness, interfacial shear stiffness and interfacial shear strength is also presented, providing insights into the pullout behaviour of planar reinforcements of MSE structures.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.219-224
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• 2009

In this study, the characteristics of pullout behavior of Pressurized light-weight steel Anchor was investigated through centrifuge model tests considering pull-out angle $0^{\circ}$ with changing undrained shearstrength(0~1, 2~4, 5~7kPa) of clay. According to the results of tests, the yield pullout load of clay ground was gradually increased up to 30% as undrained shear strength was increased. Therefore, it was known that the yield pullout load was affected by increasing the undrained shear strength, in addition, the pattern of behavior was not changed.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 추계 학술발표회 제16권2호
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• pp.45-48
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• 2004

This paper aimed at the development of hydrophilic carbon fiber with improved tensile strength and ductility, numerous single fiber pullout tests from different cement matrices were performed. Fiber debonding and pullout have a large influence on the tensile stress - crack opening behavior of fiber concrete. Both debonding and pullout depend on the quality of the matrix, as well as on the embedded length of the carbon fiber. In this paper, all fiber pullout tests were carried out using high strength carbon fibers, both without fluorinationed and with fluorinationed carbon fiber.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2018

A series of pullout tests were carried out on waste tire treadmats of various weave arrangements, with confining stresses ranging from 9 to 59 kPa approximately, in order to investigate the pullout behavior and to apply the results to the design of treadmat reinforced soil structures. A treadmat reinforcement can be considered as belonging to the extensible type thus progressive failure would develop in every tread. The pullout capacity of a treadmat was found to be generally equal to the sum of capacities of the longitudinal treads, with minor enhancement realized due to the presence of transverse treads. Pullout failures occurred in treadmats under light surcharge and with treadmats with higher material presence per unit area, while breakage failures occurred in treadmats under heavier surcharge and with treadmats with higher ratio of opening. The pullout capacity of a treadmat increased with increasing surcharge height and treadmat stiffness. A pullout test on a commercially available geogrid was also carried out for comparison and the pullout capacity of a treadmat was found higher than that of the comparable geogrid under identical loading conditions, indicating the merit of using the treadmat as an alternative to the chosen geogrid.