• Land and Housing Review
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.9-18
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• 2018

Administrative city has been developed step by step aiming to being a public transport-oriented new city. In spite of its primary goal, administrative city is dominated by car-oriented tansportaion system because the supply of public transportation has not been adequately and timely performed. In this study, we investigate the current situation related to (public) transportation use in administrative city. Also, we examine the issues of traffic system through a survey on residents' consciousness about public transportation use. Additionally, the analysis of demand elasticity according to the change of the conditions of using public transportation and passenger car is conducted for passenger car users. As a result, it is analyzed that as the neighborhood is more stabilized after the completion of development the resistance to the abandonment of passenger car is higher when the tide demand control method is introduced. Therefore, it is concluded that pre-emptive public transportation supply and the management of car demand management are necessary for the activation of public transportation in Administrative city.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.4D
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• pp.547-553
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• 2011

This study has redefined the concepts of mobility indexes and potential demand, standards to evaluate areas with the worst public transportation system and applied the relevant indexes to select the areas with the worst public transportation mobility and present a method to set direct public transportation lines between these regions. The mobility indexes and indexes to evaluate potential demand were applied to select the regions with the worst public transportation systems in four metropolitan cities and case studies were carried out on direct lines provided between these regions. The analysis results showed that in public transportation mobility blind spots, public transportation takes much longer than driving an automobile or public transportation services are not provided. In addition, the analysis showed that a direct lines system to solve such worst off regions should be built to have public transportation take as much time as driving an automobile by establishing lines for automobiles only, minimize time lost from hopping up and down a bus and maximize connections.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.183-196
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• 2022

Public transportation accessibility has been evaluated through minimum level of service for public transportation. However it is evaluated based operators rather than users. This study analyzed the users' accessibility(first-mile, last-mile) to public transportation using altteul transport card data. As a result of user's accessibility of public transportation, rural areas was lower than that in the urban areas. This study calssified type 1 and 2 based average approach time, and average approach time of Type 1 and 2 were more than average approach time of total area. We propsed an efficient introduction of autonomous public transportation on-demand service using delphi survey. As a result of delphi survey, experts agreed on 9 items regarding function, service item, route operation, approach distance, route mileage, punctuality.

• Journal of Korea Planning Association
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.71-78
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• 2019

Due to the rapid pace of low fertility and aging of Korea, population decline is rapidly progressing in the outskirts of the province and county. Demand for public transport is decreasing due to suburban population declines, while local government funding for maintenance of the bus system is expected to increase gradually. The government and municipalities are promoting the introduction of Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) in order to reduce the burden of financial support for buses while enhancing mobility of the residents in vulnerable areas. However, most DRTs in Korea have been operated mainly in the areas that are not provided with public transportation services. Although DRT is able to reduce the financial burden of local governments, it is not easy to be introduced because of the objection of the existing bus users. In this study, 11 out of 61 towns with poor public transportation services in Gyeongsangnam-Do were selected for the introduction of DRT to replace bus services by using village characteristics. The results of this study are expected to be used as a basis for decision making to use DRT instead of bus service for the burden of bus financing for local governments.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

COVID-19 has caused the dramatic reduction of public transportation demand in Busan Metropolitan City, that is, daily public transportation trips in 2020 dropped by approximately 920,000 trips from 2019 based on the public transportation card data. This study investigated the underlying factors affecting the public transportation demand discrepancy between before and after COVID-19 at the primary administration unit(i.e., Eup, Myeon, Dong) level with Ordered Logistic Regression model. Finding of this study is as follows. The primary administration units characterized with high ratio of welfare recipients, industrial area, and day boarders were heavily dependent on public transit, indicating little change in public transportation demand. On the other hands, the primary administration units which have high ratio of urban rail transit uses experienced significant reduction of public transportation demand. In conclusion, transportation policies taken under emergent situation such as COVID-19 need to take into account the region-based characteristics rather than unilateral ones.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.6D
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• pp.565-569
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• 2012

This study selected blind spot areas for public transportation in four metropolitan cities including Busan, Daegue, Gwangju, and Daejeon. Then this study developed a nested logit model and analyzed the changes of mode choice behaviors after adopting rapid transit system using stated preference(SP) survey. As the study results, blind spot areas have more potential public transportation demand and tendency to shift to public transportation from autos than built-up areas. This study results can be utilized to evaluate demand changes for new rapid transit system in a circular expressway and an arterial highway connecting CBD and surrounding areas. The study results also can be utilized to analyze the potential public transportation demand in the surrounding areas.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.1D
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• pp.23-31
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• 2012

Busan Metropolitan City government has been implementing the local Bus Quasi-Public Operating policy since 2007. As a result of the policy, financial burden to cover financial deficit has become a big social issue. For successful settlement of the policy, the government should be able to gradually cut off the financial support for the deficit by continuously increasing the bus demand, which can be accomplished by providing more convenient bus services. The weather conditions that affect the public transportation demand include rain, fog and snow. They affect the mode choice for public transportation use, which in turn results in decrease in bus demand. In short, the adverse weather conditions result in significant profit loss of bus transportation, and consequently it financially burdens the City of Busan. In this research, the pattern of travelers' use of transportation modes given various weather conditions was analyzed. In addition, the reasons why people transfer from one to other transportation modes were analyzed by conducting a field survey, and policy implications on desirable public transportation facilities and transfer system were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.7-27
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• 1996

It is very costly to construct transportation facilities such as roads, bridges, tunnels, and public parking lots mainly because land price is very high in metropolis like Seoul. Private car oweners use these facilities more extensively than public transportation users. However, the government does not impose proper charges for using these facilities. Such improper charge causes traffic congestion and then decreases social welfare in efficiency and equity. To solve problem, many traffic demand management policies are used. Traffic management policies which are currently used or under consideration by the City Government of Seoul include the imposition of road tolls, increase of parking fees in public parking lots, increase of gasoline taxes, expanded implementation of bus only lanes, and shippujae, which requires one(1) non-driving day for 10 calendar days. This study examined the impacts of such policies on the different income classes using simulation analysis. We found that the impacts of market-oriented policies such as the imposition of road tolls and the increase of gasoline taxes is regressive. Also, we found that while the low and middle income private car users have incentive have incentive for public transportation use, the high income private car users have no incentive for public transportation use in many cases.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.139-154
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the changes in transportation expenditure patterns of urban households during 1985-19o8. The data were drawn from 'Annual Report on the family Income and Expenditure Survey' by National Statistical Office, Republic of Korea. For data analysis, frequency, percentile, mean, and multiple regression analysis were utilized by the SAS window program. The results of this study were as follows; Frist, the levels of public transportation expenditure showed increasing trend, whereas the portions of public transportation expenditure have showed decreasing trend during 1985-1998. And both the level and the portion of private transportation expenditure showed increasing trends during 1985-1998. Second, the marginal propensities to consume of public transportation have decreased, whereas the marginal propensities to consume of private transportation have increased during 1985-1998. Third, income elasticities of public transportation showed decreasing trend during 1985-1998, impling that consumers have less demand public transportation with increasing income. And income elasticities of private transportation showed increasing trend till 1993, and then showed decreasing trend till 1998, impling that consumers have perceived the car as one of necessary goods rather than luxury goods gradually since 1993.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.48-55
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• 1983

One of the major objectives of a transportation study is to provide the transportation networks for future years in order to accommodate the projected transport demand for the movement of passengers and goods utilizing the optimum "mix" of modes. To achieve this goal, the planning process starts with collection and analysis of data to determine the existing traffic demand and travel pattern, and to assign the future trip interchanges on th existing and planned networks to determine areas of improvements so that it can cope with increasing future traval demand. The purpose of this paper attempts to explain the public transport network formulation techniques which can be easily applied to the large urban area multi modal public transport system.