• 기술혁신연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.199-223
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• 2013

최근 공공연구기관에서 창출된 연구성과의 활용을 통한 경제적 부가가치의 창출이 R&D 정책의 핵심이슈로 등장하고 있다. 따라서 우리나라도 국가 R&D 성과의 활용 촉진을 위해 다양한 정책을 추진 중에 있으나, 연구성과가 효과적으로 활용 확산되지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 공공연구기관의 성과관리 활용 역량 및 활동이 기술이전 성과에 미치는 영향에 대해 실증적으로 분석하였다. 국내 주요 R&D 수행 대학과 과학기술분야 출연(연) 등 총 84개 기관을 대상으로 2011년 성과관리 활용 역량 및 활동과 기술이전 성과에 관한 자료를 수집해 분석에 활용하였다. 성과관리 활용 역량은 전담조직 운영 유무, 연구자 대비 전담인력 비율, 기술이전 및 사업화 예산으로 측정하였으며, 성과관리 활용 활동은 3P 분석의 정규적 수행, 사전심의의 정규적 수행, 사후관리의 정규적 수행으로 측정하였다. 분석 결과, 성과관리 활용 역량과 관련해 전담조직 운영과 기술이전 및 사업화 예산은 기술이전 성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 성과관리 활용 활동과 관련해 3P 분석의 정규적 수행, 사전심의의 정규적 수행, 사후관리의 정규적 수행은 모두 기술이전 성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 기술이전 등 성과활용 촉진을 위해 요구되는 성과관리 활용 역량 및 활동에 대한 시사점을 도출할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 향후 국가 R&D의 성과활용 촉진을 위한 정책 수립, 특히 성과관리 활용 전담조직 및 예산 확보뿐만 아니라 연구자의 성과관리 활용 촉진을 위한 인식 제고와 함께 적극적인 활동을 견인할 수 있는 지침을 마련하는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.265-293
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• 2005

This research examines the relationship between the characteristics of Government S&T Research Institutes (GRI) and their institutional performance evaluation system. First, based on Kaplan & Norton (1992) Balanced Scorecard Model, six perspectives suitable to Korean GRI are derived. Second, personnel who works on evaluation job classified current performance measures into the six perspectives. Analyzing comparative weights of individual perspectives, the characteristics of performance evaluation systems among institutes are derived and compared with their missions. The results are as follows: First, GRI evaluation systems put most weight on the customer perspective and least weight on the financial perspective. This result complies with Korean GRI's missions and strategies as well as findings of foreign cases. Second, Basic-technology GRI group relatively more priotizes long-term customer perspective, while Applied-technology GRI Group relatively more priotizes short-term customer perspective. Public-technology GRI Group is located in the middle in terms of priority of customer perspectives. Third, for three yews (2000-2002), performance measure weights of Basic-technology Group are changed much less than those of the other two groups. Further research are needed for reasons of drastic changes for Applied-technology and Public-technology groups and some abnormally high and low measure weights.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.955-985
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• 2005

This paper describes the evolutionary trajectory of the missions of public research institutes(PRIs) in Korea since 1960s and analyses the newly highlighted role of PRIs as the facilitators of regional innovation system, with questionnaire surveys and the case study of Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST). PRIs have played important roles in Korean rapid economic development by introducing and improving foreign high-technologies in 1970s and 1980s and by creating new advanced high-technologies in 1990s. In recent years, the functions as regional technology innovators have been considered important as regional innovation system has come to the center of discussion. According to the result of this study, Korean PRIs have recognized their roles relevant to regional innovation, such as developing the technologies of regional strategic industries and awakening regional innovative actors to a sense of research. Regardless of the functions as industrial technology suppliers, however, the bilateral networks between PRIs and regional industries are not revealed strong, whereas those with universities and other research institutes are relatively strong. In addition, the research cooperation of PRIs with regional innovative actors are different by where they are located. The case of GIST shows how a regional PRI operates, commercializes its academic achievement and encourages the regional transfer of the achievement systematically. Finally, this study draws some policy implications on developing regional PRIs.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.4359-4366
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• 2014

Intention to smoke is a valid and reliable factor for predicting future smoking habits among adolescents. This factor, however, has received inadequate attention in Malaysia. The present paper elaborates the prevalence and factors associated with intent to initiate or to cease smoking, among adolescent nonsmokers and smokers in Kota Tinggi, Johor, Malaysia. A total of 2,300 secondary school students aged 13-16 years were selected through a two-stage stratified sampling method. A set of standardized questionnaires was used to assess the smoking behavior among adolescents and the inter-personal and intra-personal factors associated with smoking intention (intention to initiate smoking or to cease smoking). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors related to smoking intention. The prevalence of intention to smoke in the future or to cease smoking among non-smoking adolescents and current smokers were 10.7% and 61.7% respectively. Having friends who smoke, social influence, and poor knowledge about the ill effects on health due to smoking showed significant relationships with intention to smoke in the future among non-smokers. Conversely, perceived lower prevalence of smoking among peers, weak contributory social influence, and greater awareness of the ill effects of smoking are factors associated with the intention to cease smoking sometime in the future. The study found that prevalence of intention to initiate smoking is low among non-smokers while the majority of current smokers intended to cease smoking in the future. Existing anti-smoking programmes that integrate the factors that have been identified in the current study should be put in motion to reduce the prevalence of intention to initiate smoking and increase the intention to cease smoking among adolescents.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.58-88
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• 1994

There have been fierce debates on the issue of generalizability of management functions, techniques, and practices between public and private sectors. Recognizing the growing concerns for the similarities and differences in R&D settings between the two sectors, we compared three public and three private R&D institutes in terms of environment and resources, project management, and R&D productivity. Our results show that there coexist similarities and differences at the same time between the two types of R&D institutes. So, we cannot conclude definitely whether R&D management is really generic or not. But, the authors weakly reject the assertion of generic property of management as far as R&D management is concerned.

• 경영과학
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.51-68
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to empirically examine the relationship between creativity and performance in 10 government- funded research institutes of industrial science and technology. In order to analyze the relationship, the institutes are categorized into the high performance group and the low performance group based on research paper and patents The study uses discriminant analysis to identify the factors causing the difference between the two groups. The results show that there is no significant difference of individual creativity between the two groups whereas there is significant difference of group creativity and organization creativity. The study suggests that performance of government-funded research institutes depends on group and organizational creativity.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.161-164
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• 2014

Obesity is a significant problem affecting United States (US) firefighters. While body mass index (BMI) is widely used to diagnose obesity, its use for this occupational group has raised concerns about validity. We examined rates and types of misclassification of BMI-based obesity status compared to body fat percentage (BF%) and waist circumference (WC). Male career firefighters (N = 994) from 20 US departments completed all three body composition assessments. Mean BMI, BF%, and WC were $29kg/m^2$, 23%, and 97 cm, respectively. Approximately 33% and 15% of BF%- and WC-defined obese participants were misclassified as non-obese (false negatives) using BMI, while 8% and 9% of non-obese participants defined by BF% and WC standards were identified as obese (false positives) using BMI. When stratified by race/ethnicity, Pacific Islanders showed high rates of false positive misclassification. Precision in obesity classification would be improved by using WC along with BMI to determine firefighters' weight status.

• 기록학연구
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• 제66호
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• pp.105-155
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• 2020

연구기록은 그 관리의 중대한 필요성에도 불구하고 연구기록의 정의와 범위, 연구기록의 관리 주체 등 관리의 핵심요소에 대한 논란이 많은 기록유형이다. 연구기록은 관리하기 까다롭다는 이유로 사각지대에 방치되어 왔으나, 이를 잘 관리한다면 나중에 무한한 이차적 활용이 가능한 잠재적 가치가 큰 기록으로 평가되고 있다. 특히 정부출연연구기관은 연구기관이자 공공기관으로서 이러한 연구기록을 체계적으로 관리해야 하는 책임이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 정부출연연구기관 연구기록의 체계적인 관리를 위해 연구기록 평가의 필요성을 환기시키고 국내 정부출연연구기관에서 근무하는 기록연구사 11명과 인터뷰를 진행함으로써 정부출연연구기관의 현재 연구기록 관리 및 평가 현황을 파악하였다. 그 결과로 연구기록의 평가의 개선방안을 다음과 같이 제시하였다. 우선 현행 기록 평가체계의 관점에서 이를 연구기록 평가체계에 그대로 적용하는 것은 실효성의 문제가 있음을 지적하였다. 이에 연구기록의 특성과 가치를 고려한 평가가 필요하다고 보았으며 연구기록의 평가목적, 평가의 주체, 평가방식, 평가시점, 평가도구 및 평가기준이 지향해야 할 방안을 제안하였다.

• 융합경영연구
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

Purpose- The purpose of this study is to increase the effect of public technology transfer through government R&D support to secure the competitiveness of public technology startups. The government's R&D budget in 2019 is over 20 trillion won, and there is a legitimate need to increase the performance of technology startups through such R&D results. Research design, data, and methodology- In this paper, we comprehensively analyzed the current status of public research institutes and R&D support projects suitable for founders and analyzed and presented cases of follow-up research conducted by the Institute of Science and Technology Jobs to analyze actual performance cases of R&D support institutes. Results- In this conclusion, a developmental model of public technology entrepreneurship was proposed to increase the performance of public technology commercialization with the scalability of research institutions. In order to create a public technology information system between consumers and suppliers, a Steinweiss-type technology commercialization model for public technology commercialization, and a job-creating enterprise-type linkage R&D support business model were presented to create the results of R&D support organizations. Conclusions- Through the results of this study, it is meaningful to analyze the performance cases of technology commercialization of R&D support institutions, which have not been studied so far, to build competitiveness of research institutions and to present a growth model for the spread of technology startups. This study has implications in terms of suggesting a way to build competitiveness in technology commercialization between market demanders and suppliers by linking existing public technology startups, which deviated from the simple commercialization support system, with job creation by expanding the R&D support system.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.1122-1158
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• 2017

1960년대 설립 이후 우리나라 과학기술계 정부출연연구기관은 다양한 연구개발성과 창출을 통해 국가 경제 및 산업 발전에 공헌해왔다. 그러나 2000년대 이후 산업계와 학계의 연구역량 향상에 따라 투자 대비 성과 창출이 부족하다는 비판과 압력에 지속적으로 직면해왔다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 정부출연연구기관의 연구개발 성과의 경제적 편익 추정을 위한 분석 틀로 기술이전, 중소기업 지원과 같은 연구개발 성과 요인별 경제적 편익을 개별적으로 산출하여 더하는 '상향식 접근'과 (2) 출연(연)의 성과가 이전 확산되는 산업의 경제적 성장에 대한 기관의 기여도를 산출하는 '하향식 접근'을 제시하였다. 또한 이러한 분석 틀을 활용하여 K연구원이 1996년~2014년 달성한 연구개발 성과의 경제적 편익을 각각 12.3조원과 29.5조원으로 산출하고, 상호보완적인 관점에서 두 접근방법의 활용 가능성을 탐색적으로 제시하였다. 본 연구는 과학기술계 정부출연연구기관의 연구개발 성과에 따른 경제적 편익을 체계적이면서 중장기적 관점에서 추정할 수 있는 분석적 기반을 마련하는데 그 의의를 두고 있다. 아울러 본 연구는 실무적 관점에서 과학기술에 대한 국민들의 이해를 증진시키고, 연구개발 성과의 수혜자가 바로 국민임을 인지하게 함으로써 궁극적으로 동 기관의 정당성에 대한 국민들의 지지와 성원을 제고하는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.