• Magazine of the Korea Institute for Structural Maintenance and Inspection
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.68-76
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• 2014

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.280-284
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• 2008

This study is a research for revitalized characteristics of compounded community center which is a complex aid facility with a key position of regional culture and welfare. Recent complex conditions of community center and public facility is studied on this research. The methods are searches in the Internet, telephone interviews, and documents of present local conditions. The results are as follow : The community center in Seoul City support 2 million people per a center in average and self-supporting financial rate came out low. The community center formed physical shape in one building with community facilities. A district complex community center type, which is a village office united to public facilities, expected to be increased. The community center compound 1 or 2 facilities, divided 15 types. Most of community center is complex type of community center with village office and the other types are complex type of community center with a hall for the aged, nursery, and library. Accordingly, the community center keeps up the complex type of community center with village office type as a physical shape in one building and the district complex community center type complexes with hall for the aged, nursery and library.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.121-134
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the service facilities and activity programs of district(Dong) office so as to develope a model of a service integrated community center Various research methods were used for this study: Field research and interviews with the managers have been done in four offices during July and August, 2000. The facilities and programs of twenty district((Dong) offices were analyzed and ninety visitors of two district(Dong) offices were surveyed. The results showed that most visitors crime to the district(Dong) office for administrative services associated with the registration for citizenships. Visitors of district(Dong) office with activity programs were more Likely to factor to the service integrated community center than were those without. The size and kinds of facilities among district(Dong) office centers were varied and contrained by the size of the building but the activity programs were very similar and mainly arts and crafts, sports, music, and health for young housewives. Several implications from the results were suggested to the model of a service integrated community center.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.57-64
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• 2013

Since the terrorist attacks 9.11 in 2001, the public places such as subway, department stores or office buildings have become a target of terror in major public facilities. In this paper, for the prevention of terrorist attack in domestic building, the assessments of terror risk were conducted and their relationship with building heights was discussed through FEMA 455-Rapid Visual Screening(RVS). Explosive terror risk tends to increase rapidly with building heights(H<230m), showing the correlation coefficient between total risk and building heights(H<230m) is 0.93. In addition, The average of consequences is 8.47 and that of' threat is 8.95. Vulnerability is found to be 6.62 in average.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.411-437
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• 2020

Recently, public libraries as complex cultural spaces are becoming a trend, and public libraries as complex facilities that are built in one building or one site are being highlighted. This can be seen as part of a policy to expand public libraries as part of the government's Living SOC project. The establishment of libraries in government office is also included in this movement. Therefore, this study presented excellent cases by investigating the current state of government office in Korea and investigated citizens' perception on the establishment of public libraries in Busan Metropolitan City Hall. Based on this, a basic plan for the operation of public libraries in Busan Metropolitan City Hall, including basic directions, organization and manpower, collection development, and service programs (including specialization program), was proposed.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.203-211
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• 2009

A lesser degree of research is available with respect to indoor radon characteristics associated with occupants' exposure. The present study evaluated the radon levels in several public-access buildings or underground facilities, and their temporal variation in underground facilities. Radon measurements were conducted in 2005 and 2006, utilizing a continuous radon detector. A solid alpha detector (RAD7) was utilized to measure indoor radon levels. The mean radon concentrations obtained from the building or facilities were in a descending order: platforms of Daegu subway line 2, 2005 (32 $Bq/m^3$), hot-air bathroom (14 $Bq/m^3$), basement of office building (14 $Bq/m^3$), underground parking garage (14 $Bq/m^3$), underground shop (12 $Bq/m^3$), nursery (10 $Bq/m^3$), platforms of Daegu subway line 2, 2006 (9.0 $Bq/m^3$), platforms of Daegu subway line 1, 2006 (8.9 $Bq/m^3$), supermarket (7.9 $Bq/m^3$), hospital (7.3 $Bq/m^3$), and second-floor of office building (5.7 $Bq/m^3$). In general, underground-level facilities exhibited higher radon levels as compared with ground-level facilities. It was suggested that ventilation is an important parameter regarding the indoor levels of a subway. There was a decreasing or increasing trend in hourly-radon levels in a subway, whereas no trend were observed in a basement of office building. In addition, the radon levels in the subway lines 1 and 2 varied according to the platforms. The radon levels in the present study were much lower than those of previous studies. The average annual effective dose (AED) of radiation from indoor radon exposure was estimated to be between 0.043 and 0.242 mSv/yr, depending on facility types. These AEDs were substantially lower than the worldwide average AED (2.4 mSv/yr).

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

Korea government published renewable energy obligation policy that public building must be supplied some part of total consumption energy (2019: 27%, 2020: 30%). RETScreen is freely available global energy tool that developed by Canadian National Energy Laboratory to quantify energy saving to compare conventional system. This program can be performed energy modeling, cost analysis, greenhouse gas emission analysis and financial analysis. In this study, GSHP (Ground source heat pump) heating and cooling system were studied for the energy deliverly and ROI (Return On Investment) in an office building. Three cases were studied according to the number of HP (Heat pump) units for the 1,000㎡ office building located in Daejeon. Results indicated that the energy delivery of the case 1 (1 HP unit) covered 57% of the office building heating and cooling energy consumption. The case 2 (2 HP units) covered 87.8% and the case 3 (3 HP units) covered 96.8% of the office building energy consumption. The ROI of the case 1 indicated 7.9 years. While 8.2 years for the case 2 and 9.7 years for the case 3.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.309-315
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• 2021

Risks and uncertainty are unavoidable problems in management of projects. Therefore, project managers should not only prevent risks, but also have to respond and manage them. Risk management has become a critical interest subject in the construction industry for both practitioners and researchers. This paper presents critical risk factors of office building projects in the construction phase in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Data was collected through a questionnaire survey based on the likelihood and consequence level of risk factors. These factors fell into five groups: (i) financial risk factors; (ii) management risk factors; (iii) schedule risk factors; (iv) construction risk factors; and (v) environment risk factors. The research results showed that critical factors affecting office building projects are natural (i.e., prolonged rain, storms, climate effects) and human-made issues (i.e., soil instability, safety behaviors, owner's design change) and the schedule-related risk factors contributed to the most significant risks for office buildings projects in the construction phase in Ho Chi Minh City. They give construction management and project management practitioners a new perspective on risks and risk management of office buildings projects in Ho Chi Minh City and are proactive in the awareness, response, and management of risk factors comprehensively.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.557-566
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• 2018

The ZEB certification system has come into effect since 2018 according to the ZEB road map. From 2020, the public buildings with the total floor area smaller than $3000m^2$ are the target of the certification, and it will be extended to the buildings with up to $5000m^2$ floor area in 2025. However, current mandatory regulations for public office buildings seem already to meet the ZEB certification system planned for 2025. In this work, two buildings belong to $3,000{\sim}5,000m^2$ in total floor area were selected to analyze the possibility of meeting the ZEB certification only by following current obligation regulations. Results showed that the test buildings satisfied the minimum building energy efficiency and energy self-sufficiency rates for the ZEB certification when the mandatory insulation and installation ratio of renewable energy are applied. This can be useful for revising the road map or extending the target buildings of the ZEB certification.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.11-19
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to establish the assessment baseline of $CO_2$ emissions from building operations in the view of GHG reduction policy in Korea. The assessment baseline of $CO_2$ emissions shall be used in GHG policy and Carbon Credits in building sectors, but the assessment baseline has not been studied enough or established yet. Also, $CO_2$ emissions from building operations will be variable according to the building occupancy. Therefore the baseline will be different and this study aimed at the establishment of the assessment baseline for residential apartments and office buildings firstly. After reviews of BEER and international standards for building $CO_2$ emissions such as ISO and UNEP-SBCI documents, the analysis of BEER certification data has been pursued for 292 residential apartment complexes and 65 office buildings in South Korea during 2004~2012. As analysis results, the assessment baseline was set to 23.03 $kg{\cdot}CO_2/m^2{\cdot}yr$ or 1.95 $t{\cdot}CO_2/unit{\cdot}yr$ for residential apartment complexes, and 95.91 $kg{\cdot}CO_2/m^2{\cdot}yr$ for office buildings according to the BEER certification basis. Additional assessment baselines were calculated according to year basis, region basis, public and private basis, and GHG policy basis. Finally, the established baseline for residential apartment complexes has been applied for the pilot project in M district, Seoul, and showed 24.97% reduction rate according to the BEER certification basis.