• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.142-155
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of utilization, kinds and effective complementary-alternative therapy in elder arthritics, and then utilize the results as basic data for nursing intervention for elder arthritics. Study subjects consisted of 157 elder arthritics over 60 years old, data were collected through a structured questionnaire and face to face interviews. Data collection was done from July 2001 to August 2001. Subjects were sampled out from outpatients of department of rehabilitation of a university hospital in S city, outpatients of a local hospital in D city, and outpatient at public heath center in K and S city. Sexual distribution of subjects showed male 19.1% and the female 80.9%. The diagnosis distribution showed degenerative arthritis at 91% and reumatoid arthritis at 8.9% Duration of arthritics was 10 years over by 46.5%, duration of hospital treatment was 1-5 years by 41% The degree of pain by arthritis pointed out a mean point of 3.37 on a 5-point numeric scale 94.2% of subjects have experience complementary-alternative therapies used. Of the kind the subjects used, physiotherapy occupied 38.2%, Oriental medicine 36.3%, physical exercise 35.7%, nutritional therapy 22.3%, animal diet 8.9%, herbal diet 3.8%. The hardest thing due to arthritis represented disability in daily life by 59.8% and the pain problem by 30.5%. In conclusion, results of the study reveal that elder arthritics have used physiotherapy, Oriental medicine, physical exercise. Concrete strategies for nursing intervention about these complementary-alternative therapy are required to the established soon.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.249-264
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• 1998

감각신경성 난청은 성인에서 장애의 원인 중 큰 비중을 차지하고 있으며, 특히 소음성 난청은 흔한 직업병 중의 하나이며 산업보건사업의 주요 관심 중의 하나이다. 그러나 소음폭로와 노화를 제외하고는 대부분의 경우 그 원인이 규명되지 않고 있는 실정이다. 그러므로 난청에 대한 개인간의 감수성을 결정하는데 중요한 요인을 찾는 것은 중요하며 최근 청력손실의 측정치로서 소음 외 변수와의 상관성을 연구함으로써 청력손실에 대한 개인의 감수성의 차이를 밝히려는 많은 시도가 있었다. 특히 소음성 난청에 대한 많은 연구가 있어 왔지만 소음성 난청에 대한 감수성의 개인차에 대해서는 만족하게 설명하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구는 소음 비폭로자를 대상으로 소음폭로 이외 감각신경성 난청을 유발하는 잠재적 위험 인자들을 찾아내어 그 위험인자들의 역할을 평가하기 위해 주로 심혈관 위험인자와 지혈 및 혈액점도 요인이 청력손실에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하였다. 대구시내 모 대학병원에서 91년에서 96년까지 종합검진을 받은 3050명을 대상으로 하여 청력검사와 혈액검사 및 생화학 검사 결과를 검진자료에 추출하여 위험인자들과 청력손실간의 관련성을 연구하였다. 그 결과 소음을 제외하고 감각신경성 청력손실에 미치는 영향으로 연령과 성별이 가장 크며, 성별 분포의 차이는 연구 변수에는 포함되지 않는 흡연력, 취미, 과거 소음폭로 등이 영향을 미친 것으로 보이며 본 연구에서는 확인할 수 없었다. 그리고 심혈관 위험인자인 체격지수, 혈압, 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방이 양의 영향을 알부민은 음의 영향을 어느 정도 미치는 것으로 보인다. 혈중점도 및 지혈인자와 관련하여 헤마토크릿, 백혈구, 혈소판 용적백분율, 적혈구침강속도가 어느 정도 양의 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 심혈관 위험인자와 혈액점도 및 지혈인자는 상호 관련성이 있으며, 이들과 소음노출 등이 서로 상호 작용하여 청력에 나쁜 영향을 미치는 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.285-292
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• 1998

흡연과 기도청력역치와의 연관성을 알아보기 위하여 1996년 1월 1일에서 1997년 7월 31일 사이에 종합 건강진단을 받기 위하여 내원한 성인 남성 1,887명을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 주파수대별 순음기도청력 검사, 이완기 혈압, 총콜레스테롤, 공복혈당, 혈구용적치 그리고 비만도를 검사하였다. 설문지를 이용하여 연령, 직업, 흡연상태를 조사하였다. 흡연군이 비흡연군에 비하여 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1000 Hz 그리고 4000 Hz 주파수에서 기도청력역치가 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 저주파수영역 평균청력 중간주파수영역 평균청력, 고주파수영역 평균청력에서 흡연군이 유의하게 기도청력역치가 높았다(p<0.05). 다중회귀분석 결과, 흡연상태는 연령, 직업, 이완기 혈압, 공복혈당, 총콜레스테롤, 혈구용적치, 비만도의 영향을 조정 한 후에도 유의한 변수였으며(p<0.05), 연령이 많고, 생산직이고, 혈구용적치가 높고 비만할수록 유의한 청력저하가 관찰되었다(p<0.05). 그러나 이완기혈압, 총콜레스테롤 그리고 공복혈당은 청력저하와 유의한 관련성이 없었다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때, 흡연은 성인 남성의 청력저하와 연관성이 있었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.455-461
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• 2006

Objectives : Prolongation of the heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, few studies have examined the relationship between the QTc interval and cardiovascular risk factors in young healthy people, The aim of this study was to examine the associations between the QTc interval and cardiovascular risk factors in young healthy adults. Methods : This study was performed as part of the Kangwha study, which started in 1986, and is an on-going follow-up study on blood pressure and related cardiovascular risk factors. In follow-up examinations during 2005, cardiovascular risk factors, including anthropometrics, blood pressure, blood chemistry and carotid ultrasonography, were measured, and questionnaires on health behaviors completed by 127 men and 149 women aged 25 years. The QTc interval was measured on the resting 12-lead electrocardiogram using an automatic analysis program. Results : The mean QTc interval was significantly longer in women $(419{\pm}17ms)$ than in men $(405{\pm}17ms)$ (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between the QTc interval and waist-hip ratio (p=0.030) in men. Women showed a positive correlation between the QTc interval and systolic blood pressure (p=0.017). On a multiple regression analysis, the QTc interval was positively associated with the waist-hip ratio in men (p=0.012) and with the systolic blood pressure (p=0.020) in women. Conclusions : In young healthy Korean adults, the QTc interval was independently associated with the waist-hip ratio in men and with the systolic blood pressure in women.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the associations of non alcoholic fatty liver with metabolic syndrome and the serum carotenoids. Methods : This study was conducted in a general hospital in South Korea from November, 2004 to August, 2005. The study subjects were 350 sampled persons who were aged from 40 years and older (males : 180, females : 170). They were grouped into the normal, mild and severe groups according to fat accumulation in their livers, as determined by ultrasonography. We analyzed the association between non alcoholic fatty liver and metabolic syndrome by multiple logistic regression analysis and we analyzed the association between non alcoholic fatty liver and the serum carotenoids by a general linear model(ANCOVA). Results : After adjustment for the effect of potential covariates, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was associated with fat accumulation in the liver (p trend <0.001). If the odds ratio of normal group is 1.00, then that of the mild group is 2.80 (95% C.I=1.17-6.71) and that of the severe group is 7.29 (95% C.I=2.76-19.30). The prevalence of metabolic alterations fitting the criteria of metabolic syndrome, according to the class of fat accumulation in the liver, was significantly increased, except for criteria of high blood pressure, a large waist circumference and low HDL (high density lipoprotein) cholesterol level (p trend <0.001). The level of serum ${\beta}$-carotene was decreased according to the class of fat accumulation in the liver (p trend=0.036), but the levels of serum ${\alpha}$-carotene, lycopene, ${\beta}$-cryptoxanthin and lutein were not decreased. Conclusions : This study shows that non alcoholic fatty liver was associated with metabolic syndrome and with the serum ${\beta}$-carotene level.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.315-322
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• 2009

Objectives : Knowledge about the management status of diabetic melitus (DM) is essential to improve diabetic management. Moreover, low income is associated with poor adherence to treatment and increased mortality. This study was performed to evaluate the management status of DM in low-income patients in a rural area. Methods : We enrolled 370 patients with type 2 DM living in Gokseong county, JeollaNamdo. A well-trained examiner measured the height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Carotid ultrasonography was used to measure carotid artery carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) and plaque. anklebrachial index (ABI) was used to evaluate peripheral artery disease. A fundoscopic examination was performed to evaluate diabetic retinopathy. A history of diabetes complications and health-related questionnaires were also completed. Results : The age of diabetic subjects was 68.7$\pm$8.7 years and the duration of diabetes was 8.9$\pm$8.2 years. Most (63.5%) had hypertension, and 45.7% had triglycerides below 150 mg/dl, 38.1% had low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) cholesterol below 100 mg/dl, 48.7% had urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) below 30 mg/g. Less than half (45.9%) achieved the goal of HbA1c less than 7% suggested by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). 10.6% had peripheral vascular disease, 11.9% had retinopathy, and 60.8% had chronic kidney disease. Conclusions : DM management in low income patients is very poor and requires further work to improve.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.298-304
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• 2009

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the association of blood pressure levels with the common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) and carotid plaques. Methods : Data were obtained from 2,635 subjects, aged 50 years and over, who participated in the Community Health Survey (a population-based, cross-sectional study) in Dong-gu, Gwangju city between 2007 and 2008. Participants were categorized into three groups according to blood pressure levels; normotensives (<120/80 mmHg), prehypertensives (120-139/80-89 mmHg), and hypertensives ($\geq$140/90 mmHg). Prehypertensives were further categorized as low prehypertensives (120-129/80-84 mmHg) and high prehypertensives (130-139/85-89 mmHg). Carotid intima-media thickness and plaques were evaluated with a high-resolution B-mode ultrasound. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square test, ANOVA, and multiple logistic regression. Results : Prehypertensives had significantly greater maximal CCA-IMT values than normotensives, with a multivariate adjusted odds ratio of 1.78 (95% CI=1.36-2.32) for abnormal CCA-IMT (maximal CCA-IMT$\geq$1.0 mm), and 1.45 (95% CI=1.19-1.77) for carotid plaques. The multivariate adjusted odds ratio of low prehypertensives was 1.64 (95% CI=1.21-2.21) for abnormal CCA-IMT, and 1.30 (95% CI=1.04-1.63) for carotid plaques compared with normotensives. Subject with hypertension had higher frequency of abnormal CCA-IMT (odds ratio, 2.18; 95% CI=1.49-3.18), and carotid plaques (odds ratio, 1.98; 95% CI=1.46-2.67) compared with normotensives after adjustment for other cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions : Our results indicate that there is a significant increase in the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with prehypertension (even in low prehypertensives) compared with normotensive subjects. Further studies are required to confirm the benefits and role of carotid ultrasonography in persons with prehypertension.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1221-1233
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• 2016

Purpose: To investigate any potential association between wine and breast cancer risk. Materials and Methods: We quantitatively assessed associations by conducting a meta-analysis based on evidence from observational studies. In May 2014, we performed electronic searches in PubMed, EmBase and the Cochrane Library to identify studies examining the effect of wine drinking on breast cancer incidence. The relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) were used to measure any such association. Results: The analysis was further stratified by confounding factors that could influence the results. A total of twenty-six studies (eight case-control and eighteen cohort studies) involving 21,149 cases were included in our meta-analysis. Our study demonstrated that wine drinking was associated with breast cancer risk. A 36% increase in breast cancer risk was observed across overall studies based on the highest versus lowest model, with a combined RR of 1.0059 (95%CI 0.97-1.05) in dose-response analysis. However, 5 g/d ethanol from wine seemed to have protective value from our non-linear model. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that wine drinking is associated with breast cancer risk in a dose-dependent manner. High consumption of wine contributes to breast cancer risk with protection exerted by low doses. Further investigations are needed for clarification.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.15-30
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• 2007

The main objective of this study is to investigate the improvement of the quality of dental health based on the dental service satisfaction factors of the old dental prosthesis patients of more than 60 years of age who use the dental institutes including dental hospital, clinic, and public health center and to identify the interest in the dental prosthesis as changing paint. Across the country through a questionnaire survey of a question and answer type conducted by the trained dental hygienists or dentist's. Major results of the empirical analysis are as follows. 1. looking at variation of the variables of socio-demographic features of the respondents, the group of female, age distribution of 60-65, average monthly income of 0.5-1 million Won, and schooling background of college showed significant difference. And the prosthesis treatment in terms of the purpose of isiting a dental institute, and the dental clinic in terms of the type of visiting dental institute showed a remarkably significant difference. 2. looking at variation of variables of the general features of the respondents, a prosthesis satisfaction service in terms of age showed significant difference: a prosthesis satisfaction service, dental staffs' service and dental facilities' service in terms of average monthly income showed significant difference: the entire conditions except for the dental facilities' service in terms of schooling and general features showed significant difference: and in terms of the purpose of visiting dental institute, it showed no significant difference. In terms of a visiting dental institute, the prosthesis satisfaction service, dental facilities, overall level of satisfaction, result of treatment, word of mouth and revisit showed significant difference. 3. looking at variation of the variables of post-installation prosthesis satisfaction of the respondents, the prosthesis satisfaction service, dentist's dental service, staffs' service, dental facilities' service and revisit in terms of the prosthesis type: and the prosthesis satisfaction service, word of mouth, revisit and overall level of satisfaction from the perspective of serious concern showed significant difference. The prosthesis satisfaction service and dentist's service in terms of the solving the economic burden: and the entire variables in terms of dissatisfaction elements showed a similar level of significant difference 4. in regard to the satisfaction of dental service and the change of the recognition of prosthesis patients, it was revealed that the level of dental prosthesis satisfaction of the respondents was closely related to the dentist's service, staffs' service, and dental facilities' service. Finally, looking at the influence of the dental service on the treatment result, satisfaction, word of mouth, revisit and the overall satisfaction level, it was revealed that they had a great impact on the prosthesis satisfaction service.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.378-393
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• 2018

국내의 미세먼지 문제가 심각해짐에 따라 개인이 활동하는 주변공간의 미세먼지 농도를 알고자 하는 욕구 또한 증가하여 직접 미세먼지의 실시간 농도를 측정할 수 있는 휴대용 미세먼지측정센서에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 시중에 판매되는 미세먼지 간이측정기는 정해진 인증기준 없이 제작 판매되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 최근 판매가 급증하고 있는 휴대용 미세먼지 측정센서의 농도값을 어느 정도 신뢰할 수 있는지와 이러한 센서들이 어떠한 경우에 활용될 수 있는 지에 대해 일반적인 시민의 입장에서 고찰할 필요가 있다고 판단하였다. 이를 위해, 1) 기기 간 상호비교 및 보다 정확한 장비와의 비교를 수행하고, 2) 휴대용 기기를 활용하여 미세먼지의 영향을 저감할 수 있는 방안들에 대한 검증실험을 수행해 보았다. 그 결과 휴대용센서들의 농도 절대값을 그대로 신뢰하기엔 문제가 있었지만, 그 재현성과 선형성은 실생활에서 활용되기에 유용하다고 판단되었다. 또한 휴대용 미세먼지 측정센서를 사용함으로써 사용자들은 자기 주변의 변화하는 미세먼지 농도에 대해 빠르게 인지하고 대처 할 수 있을 것으로 판단되어, 미세먼지 오염의 피해를 줄이는 데 활용할 수 있을 것이라 기대된다.