• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.51-64
• /
• 2020

The agricultural extension services in Korea have been provided by the Rural Development Administration, a government organization, since 1962. This aims to explore the issues in pluralism of extension worldwide, and to suggest tasks needed to improve public extension in Korea. Based on the review of background, types and issues of pluralism of agricultural extension, the following tasks were suggested for the public extension in Korea; Firstly, need to identify the lessons from the other countries where the pluralism system has been adopted, Secondly, need to compile the inventory about the private extension agencies and to assess their capacities, Thirdly, need to assess the farmers' satisfactory level on the services provided by public and private agencies, and the farmer's willingness to pay, Finally, need to further discussions to promote the partnership between public and private extension agencies.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.157-164
• /
• 1996

The public sector extension services in which governments of less developed countries (LDCs) have invested large sums often at the behest of donors are achieving uneven impact, often at unsustainable high costs. Further, the fundamental premise of public sector extension - that low-income farmers are unlikely to obtain technical information unless it is provided by government - increasingly requires re-examination. This paper reviews the pressures facing conventional agricultural extension, examines the prospects of recent approaches that are participatory, institutionally pluralistic and geared towards cost-sharing, and suggests ways forward for governments.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.143-153
• /
• 2001

Agricultural extension has contributed enormously to agriculture and farmers, since Rural Development Administration(RDA) was founded in Korea. However, as the decentralization got started and world environment has changed, agriculture extension shrank by transferring the function of agricultural extension to local government. According to public opinion appeared on the bulletin boards of RDA web site, many people suggest that agricultural extension should be improved from the current system and services. Findings in the transfer of the extension system from national status to local government showed some advantages and disadvantages; 1) Agricultural extension services was decreased sharply by a large dropping in the number of extension educators. 2) The identity of agricultural extension services was disappearing. 3) The extension projects when matched with local features could be better implemented. 4) The lives of extension educators were better stabilized. Rural Development Administration intends to transfer the director of the local Agriculture Technology Center to the national status. This would return all current extension educators step by step to national positions. By doing so, agricultural extension scholars and farmers are welcoming this agenda. On the other hand, the extension educators themselves were divided by contradictory opinions Therefore, government should search for the better alternatives to establish more effective system with considerations of various aspects in activating the agricultural extension services.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.3-15
• /
• 1999

The objectives of this study were 1) to review the developmental process of agricultural extension services since 1960 in Korea, and 2) to suggest new paradigm of agricultural extension education in the 21st century. The study suggested major objectives of agricultural extension service in Korea should be focused on; 1) Agricultural technology transfer for environmentally friendly food production, 2) Diffusion of energy saving and safe farming technologies and upbringing export oriented agriculture, 3) Education and training of capable farmers for competitive world, and 4) Technological support for home improvement considering harmony of human, environment and life. To achieve major objectives of extension services the following strategies should be employed; 1) National administration and financing. 2) Farmer oriented services should be performed since extension education is originally two-way communication process to help farmers in better decision making, 3) Human resource development for extension educators to meet increasing demands of target population, and policy measures should be implemented to increase morale of extension educators, and 4) Role of public extension should be strengthened to meet needs of majority farmers and public interests in the knowledge based information society in the 21st century.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.83-97
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to classify the type of customer which is essential to agricultural extension service, specify their needs and identify the performance level of public agricultural extension organization by the needs of customer. To meet these purpose, we conducted a focus group interview and surveyed the agricultural extension workforce. The results of this study are as follows. First, we classify the customer of agricultural extension service as 9 types. Second, the needs by customer types are specified 12 types. Third, those who attached to Rural agricultural development administration and agricultural research and extension service organization in provinces recognize them selves as more performing organization than agricultural technology center in region, except one area.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.133-142
• /
• 2001

The objectives of this study were 1) to review the current status of cooperative extension services in Japan, and 2) to draw implications for improving Korean agricultural extension system. Faced with various problems since its localization of extension services in 1997, Korean agricultural extension needs to be improved and strengthened in order to continually achieve the national goals of food production, balanced national development and preservation of environment, at the same time to meet increasing needs of farmers. The results of the study revealed the major characteristics of agricultural extension services in Japan as follows; 1) Each agricultural extension centers were administratively and technically coordinated by the prefectural (provincial) government, 2) There were 11 public corporations with agricultural extension functions under the MAFF(Ministry of Agricultural Forestry and Fisheries) financed by government subsidies 3) Agricultural experiment stations at provincial level were responsible for developing agricultural innovations for farmers' adoption, 4) The functions and operation of the agricultural extension centers were independent from the local agricultural administration. Some of the implications drawn from the study were as follows; 1) In order to accomplish major objectives of agricultural extension services in Korea legal status of agricultural extension centers should be changed from city/county to provincial government, 2) It would be desirable to establish public corporations concerned with agricultural extension under the Rural Development Administration, 3) Provincial Rural Development Administration should be reinforced in terms of applied farming research and diffusion of new technology, 4) Agricultural extension centers should be independent from administrative function and be separated from administration at the city/county level.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.293-323
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to suggest some policy recommendations on the development of agricultural research of public agricultural institution. Critics say public agricultural institution are not working fast enough. As for efficiency itself, it seems reasonable to conclude that privatization plan is the best plan. The change that is needed to improve the efficiency of public agricultural institution is not the point in question. I will concentrate on the extraordinary nature of agriculture. We must not forget the important of extraordinary nature of agriculture. What is important is to have a genuine debate on extraordinary nature of agriculture and agricultural research. My aim is to highlight some aspects of agricultural research of public institution. Most important thing is, agricultural research is a valuable resource for nation. As I mentioned before, the change that is needed to improve the efficiency of public agricultural institution is not the point in question But there is much room for consideration for proper method. Impatient privatization without serious consideration could have a negative impact on the agricultural research.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.231-243
• /
• 1997

Objective of the study was to investigate characteristics and meanings of the agricultural extension work during the period of Japanese $rule(1906{\sim}1945)$ through historical review on the work. The agricultural extension work during the period of Japanese rule was categorized into six patterns such as agricultural extension work by (1) government agricultural administration system, (2) agricultural experiment/research institute, (3) public school, (4) through the movement of rural development(Nong-chon-Jinheung Undong), (5) pro-government private organization, and (6) pure private organization. In conclusion, the characteristics of the extension work were defined; 1) a tool and/or method for colonial rule, 2) non-democratic and top-down extension work by administration, 3) authoritative and coercive work initiated by governmental system, 4) nation wide work of cooperation with public and private organization, 5) extension work focused on production increasing food and industrial materials, and 6) extension work initiated by government system without participation of pure private organization. The meanings of the extension work were reviewed in two ways. Firstly, in macro point of view, the work has negative meaning that was utilized as a tool and/or method for Japanese colonial rule, since the extension work was implemented under the direction of agricultural policy and was also directly related to the policy of Japanese colonial government. Secondly, in micro point of view, the work has significant meaning either negative or positive such as 1) beginning of modernized extension work based on experiment and research, 2) introduction of forcible agricultural extension work, 3) inducement of distrust tendency to agricultural policy and agricultural extension work, 4) establishment of basis in hardware of agricultural extension work, 5) production of experience in software of agricultural extension work, and 6) improvement of recognition toward scientific farming and improvement of level in agricultural techniques.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.211-254
• /
• 2014

말라위 농촌지도사업은 최근 농업개발에서의 부족한 기여와 소농의 요구에 부응하지 못한 측면에서 많은 비판을 받고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 농촌지도사업은 농촌생활과 농촌빈곤 문제 개선을 위해서 중시되고 있다. 말라위 농촌지도사업은 공공부문과 민간부문에서 많은 도전을 받고 있다. 이러한 도전에 분명하고 적극적인 대응은 모든 농가들에게 편익을 제공하고 정부정책 목적을 달성하기 위한 농촌지도사업의 미래의 모습을 만드는 데 있어서 매우 중요하다. 말라위 농촌지도사업의 당면과제는 민주주의, 시장자유화, 분권화, 에이즈, 공공자원부족, 공공부문개혁, 협력 등이다. 이를 달성하기 위하여 말라위 농촌지도사업은 복합적인 지도사업수요를 제공해야 하고, 식량문제와 빈곤문제해결을 위하여 협력을 촉진해야 한다. 또한 지도사업은 모델빌리지접근법(Model-village approaches)을 기초한 지역농촌지도사업 시스템을 통하여 모든 농가들이 접근할 수 있고 질높은 지도사업 서비스를 추진해야 할 것이다.

• 농촌지도와개발
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.177-186
• /
• 1998

It is nearing the establishment of KAC(Korean Agricultural Chamber) as an institution for intensive reflection of farmer's public opinions in agricultural administration. In this study, researchers examined the management of Agricultural Chambers in France and Japan, which have experienced the action of Agricultural Chamber in advance of Korea. And discussed the anticipated change in agricultural extension taking advantage of departure of KAC. Discourses and movements to establish KAC is putting pressure the existing agricultural extension system into innovation. Taking a side view that there were little contribution of agents belonging to the existing agricultural extension agencies, the problem of restructuring agricultural extension system has assumed very serious dimensions. Therefore, agents in agricultural extension agencies should lay their own view before the probable reorganization of agricultural extension system.