• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.29-36
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• 2019

We propose a smart parking space guiding system based on user preferences in a parking lot. This system guides each vehicle to the most suitable parking space in a parking lot to meet the user preferences such as the available parking spaces in the parking zones and the proximity to the destination by exploiting the traffic to each parking zone gathered at the sensors near each guiding display. For this purpose, this paper proposes the cost function for the optimal route guide based on the various user preferences. In addition, the paper reports the design and implementation results of an event based simulator to show the feasibility of the smart parking guidance system.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.367-373
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• 2022

Femtocells have recently been recognized for their potential to boost network capacity, improve end-user QoS and throughput, and do so at a cheap cost and with ease of implementation. The use of femtocells in indoor environments, such as residential buildings with neighboring homes, is becoming more popular. Femtocells are subject to interference from other femtocells, and the unwanted effects of interference are amplified when femtocells are deployed in close proximity to one another. As a consequence, the network's overall performance is degraded to a significant degree. One of the strategies that is thought to be effective in reducing the impact of interference is altering the transmission power of the femtocells. In this paper, a dynamic downlink transmission power of femtocells is suggested. In accordance with the observed cost function unit, each femtocell automatically changes its transmission power. If a femtocell causes too much interference for its neighbors, its transmission power level will be limited by that interference's rate. A simulation experiment is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the suggested system when compared with other schemes. When compared to previous schemes, which are addressed in this study, the numerical results show that the proposed strategy could provide more capacity while also ideally mitigating the influence of interference among co-channel deployed femtocells.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.212-220
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• 2024

When a typhoon or natural disaster occurs, a significant number of orchard fruits fall. This has a great impact on the income of farmers. In this paper, we introduce an AI-based method to enhance low-quality raw images. Specifically, we focus on apple images, which are being used as AI training data. In this paper, we utilize both a basic program and an artificial intelligence model to conduct a general image process that determines the number of apples in an apple tree image. Our objective is to evaluate high and low performance based on the close proximity of the result to the actual number. The artificial intelligence models utilized in this study include the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), VGG16, and RandomForest models, as well as a model utilizing traditional image processing techniques. The study found that 49 red apple fruits out of a total of 87 were identified in the apple tree image, resulting in a 62% hit rate after the general image process. The VGG16 model identified 61, corresponding to 88%, while the RandomForest model identified 32, corresponding to 83%. The CNN model identified 54, resulting in a 95% confirmation rate. Therefore, we aim to select an artificial intelligence model with outstanding performance and use a real-time object separation method employing artificial function and image processing techniques to identify orchard fruits. This application can notably enhance the income and convenience of orchard farmers.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.413-417
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• 2011

Background: Sleeve lobectomy for lung cancer in close proximity to or involving the carina is widely accepted. Operative morbidity and mortality rates, recurrence, and survival rates have varied considerably across studies. Materials and Methods: From March of 2005 to July of 2010, sleeve lobectomy was performed in 19 patients and pneumonectomy was performed in 20 patients. In this paper, the results of sleeve lobectomy and pneumonectomy for patients with lung cancer will be compared and evaluated. Results: There were no postoperative complications in either group, but there was one mortality in the pneumonectomy group. There was better preservation of pulmonary function in the sleeve lobectomy group than the pneumonectomy group (p=0.066 in FVC, p=0.019 in FEV1). The 3-year survival rates were 46.7% in the sleeve lobectomy group and 54.5% in the pneumonectomy group (p=0.505). The 3-year disease-free survival rates were 38% in the sleeve lobectomy group and 45.8% in the pneumonectomy group (p=0.200). Conclusion: Sleeve lobectomy for lung cancer showed low mortality, low bronchial anastomotic complication rates, and good preservation of pulmonary function.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.317-346
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• 1989

A congnitive shape decomposition method that agrees with human intuition is proposed for the conceptual recognition from sillouettes of objects. Descriptions specifying the structure of shape in terms of meaningful parts and relations have cognitive power and anthropomorphism. In general, man-made objects have a lot of collinear lines and regularity. For the cognitive decomposition of man-made objects, many heuristic rules based on the cognitive experimentation are applied on the context of collinerarity and regularity. The cognitive shape decomposition for the natural shape is carried out by analyzing the possible configuraitions of vertices and line segments for one concave vertex. A cost function for the configuation is designed by weighted sum of five criteria such as, the length of split line segment, the number of split line segments at concave vertex, the proximity of concave vertex, and the correspondence of vertices. These criteria are vased on the property of human perception such as proximtiy, symmetry, and simplicity. The most promising vertex os selected among three set of visible vertices by evaluating the cost function. A number of experiments conducted on the different types of shapes shows that the results correspond with human intuition.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.1128-1141
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• 2010

This paper proposes a method of moving object detection in crowded scene using clustered trajectory. Unlike previous appearance based approaches, the proposed method employes motion information only to isolate moving objects. In the proposed method, feature points are extracted from input frames first and then feature tracking is followed to create feature trajectories. Based on an assumption that feature points originated from the same objects shows similar motion as the object moves, the proposed method detects moving objects by clustering trajectories of similar motions. For this purpose an energy function based on spatial proximity, motion coherence, and temporal continuity is defined to measure the similarity between two trajectories and the clustering is achieved by minimizing the energy function in CRFs (conditional random fields). Compared to previous methods, which are unable to separate falsely merged trajectories during the clustering process, the proposed method is able to rearrange the falsely merged trajectories during iteration because the clustering is solved my energy minimization in CRFs. Experiment results with three different crowded scenes show about 94% detection rate with 7% false alarm rate.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.143-153
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• 2006

Temporomandibular joint(TMJ) ankylosis is characterized by the formation of bony or fibrous mass, which replaces the normal articulation. Ankylotic block formation causes reduction of mandibular mobility, particularly hindering mouth opening, due to a mechanical block of the condylar head in its roto-transfatory motion. Surgery in TMJ ankylosis treatment entails complete ankylotic block removal and subsequent arthroplasty, possibly with autologous tissue between articular surfaces or heterologous material to restore the anatomic structure and normal function. Temporalis myofascial flap holds great promise for the reconstruction of various maxillofacial defects. In more recent years, a pedicled temporalis myofascial flap has been advocated in TMJ ankylosis surgery. Advantages of the temporalis myofascial flap in TMJ reconstruction include close proximity to the TMJ, adequate blood supply from the internal maxillary artery, and its attachment to the coronoid process, which provides movement of the flap during function, simulating physiologic action of the disc. This study evaluated 8 patients(11 TMJs) affected by TMJ ankylosis. All patients underwent surgical treatment of the removal of the ankylotic block and subsequent interpositional arthroplasty with temporalis myofascial flap. Bilateral TMJ ankylosis was observed in 3 patients(6 TMJs), right-sides in 3 patients, left-sided in 2 patients. Epipathogenesis was traumatic in 6 patients(8 TMJs), ankylosing spondylitis in 2 patients(3 TMJs). In 3 patients coronoidotomy was underwent. Average follow-up was 16.8 months after surgery, with a range of 7 to 28 months. No patients underwent additional TMJ procedures after the temporalis myofascial flap. All patients showed a distinctive improvement both in articular functionality and symptoms. We found that temporalis myofascial flap is very valuable in reconstruction of TMJ ankylosis.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.67-72
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• 2021

The elevator installed in the building consists of an elevator call button and an input button for selection to the target floor. The elevator button is input only when the elevator user directly presses it. Such passenger input can be infected with an infectious disease due to contamination of the button. A non-contact button is required as a means for solving this problem, which detects the proximity of an object by applying a capacitive method. It implements a function of measuring the body's body temperature by attaching an infrared heat sensor, and provides a sterilization function of a button by attaching a UV-LED. A button was selected, a body temperature was measured through an infrared temperature measurement sensor, and UV-LED was turned on and sterilized when there was no user. The contactless elevator button is expected to be effective in preventing infectious diseases as it can prevent infection of viruses carrying infectious diseases and can detect body temperature to select positive patients of CIVID 19.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.283-293
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• 2015

Purpose: The aims of this study are to analyze and to visualize distribution of patients visiting at a dental college hospital, using geographic information system (GIS). The visualized data can be utilized in patient care and treatment planning, ultimately leading to the assessment of risk evaluation and prevention of dental diseases. Materials and Methods: Patient information data was obtained from Dankook University Dental Hospital including the unit number, gender, date of birth, and address from 2007 to 2014. Patient distribution was visualized using GIS. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.3 and ArcGIS 10.1. Five factors including proximity, accessibility, age, gender, and socioeconomic status were investigated as the explanatory variables of the patient distribution. Results: The visualized patient data showed a nationwide scale of the patient distribution. There was a little difference in characteristics for each department. As closer at Dankook University Dental Hospital, visitors increased. And it strongly showed that elderly patients in rural areas tend to visit more. Conclusion: The distribution of patients has been shown to be significantly affected by the proximity, accessibility, age, gender and socioeconomic status. The underlying reason remains to be further studied.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.45
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• pp.381-431
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• 2016

This paper deals with Slavic discourse deixis comparing Russian, Polish, Czech and Bulgarian demonstrative and personal pronouns. In general, the Slavic proximal pronouns have precedence over the distal ones. Proximal pronouns, such as Russian eto, Polish to, and Bulgarian tova, are employed more frequently and widely than their distal counterparts to, tamto and onova. The distance-neutral pronoun to in Modern Czech was also a proximal pronoun in the past. These Slavic proximal and former-proximal pronouns function as a discourse deixis marker, whereas, in most other languages, the discourse deixis is mainly a function of distal or non-proximal demonstrative pronouns. However, the Russian, Polish, Czech, and Bulgarian discourse deixis differs in distal demonstrative and personal pronouns. In general, the Polish and Czech discourse deixis does not employ the distal demonstrative pronoun tamto or the personal pronoun ono. The Russian distal demonstrative pronoun to is actively used as a discourse deixis marker, and the personal pronoun ono can also be used to refer to the preceding discourse, though it is not frequent. In Bulgarian the distal demonstrative pronoun onova is rarely used to refer to a discourse, but the personal pronoun to frequently indicates a discourse that is repeatedly referred to in a text. The discourse deixis, which is a peripheral deixis and can be both deixis and anaphora, reveals different characteristics in different Slavic languages. In Russian, where all of the proximal, distal, and personal pronouns function as a discourse deixis marker, the deixis itself plays a crucial role in distinguishing these three pronouns from each other, revealing the speaker's psychological, emotional, temporal, and cognitive proximity to or distance from a given discourse. In Bulgarian, the most analytic Slavic language, the personal pronoun is used more as a discourse deixis marker to reveal the highest givenness of a discourse, and it seems that Bulgarian discourse deixis is more anaphoric than the other Slavic discourse deixis is.