• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2000

This study was undertaken in an effort to select the sire bull in Hanwoo through in vitro fertilization of proven bull semen. It was used for in vitro fertilization that of the 20 proven bull semen with follicular oocytes derived from slaughterhouse ovaries of Hanwoo. The stage of maturation on the time course of bovine cumulus-enclosed oocytes incubated for 24 hours was found the highest(96.4%) than hose of other maturationi time. In vitro fertilization rate of bovine oocytes with proven bull sperm showed from 61.5 to 88.9%. Polyspermy of in vitro fertilized oocytes according to proven bulls were the highest KP 491(61.5%) nothing but KP 486, KP 491 and KP 497.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.105-110
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• 2009

The Objective of this study was to compare performances of proven and young holstein bulls bred in Korea. Proven bulls are categorized into the imported and the korean ones. Data from 148,329 heads of daughters of 1,128 bulls from 1990 to 2004 were used in this study. Proven bulls showed higher milk yield than young bulls in same year. Young bulls, however, always yielded more milk than korean bulls when proven bulls were categorized into the imported and the korean ones. Hence, it was proven that dairy bull selection program had properly been functioned in Korea. Selected bulls, which were korean proven bulls and young bulls, yielded higher milk fat than imported bulls as the selection was weighted on the yield of the milk fat. This comparison was based on the performances of daughters without the consideration of the semen price. Semen price of the imported proven bulls were higher than the korean proven bulls and the semen of young bulls was free. Hence, the performances of korean bulls with the consideration of the preferential effect would be much higher than others, and further studies are necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1101-1108
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• 2015

This study provides the importance and value of selection and dissemination of Korean proven bulls by analyzing an economic impact. The results of economic impact analysis show that selection and dissemination of Korean proven bulls have a significant role in development of Korean bulls industry. The results of this study we found that the economic effect was 498.49billion won based on the condition of over grade 1. And the economic effect was 521.22 billion won based on the condition of over grade 2. It also insists that a continuous research and development of selection and dissemination of Korean proven bulls is needed for development of Korean bulls industry.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.253-258
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• 2010

This study was conducted to compare the phenotypic performance and genetic merits in terms of weight at 12 months, carcass weight, eye muscle area, backfat thickness, marbling score and selection index of Hanwoo young bulls and proven bulls from the year 2004 to 2006. The data of 208 bulls used in this study were taken from the Nnational Hanwoo genetic evaluation coordinated by National Institute of Animal Science. Hanwoo young bulls were superior in the phenotypic performance of weight at 12 months, carcass weight, and eye muscle area showing significant differences from Hanwoo proven bulls in most comparisons. The backfat thickness of Hanwoo young bulls was significantly thicker higher than Hanwoo proven bulls in all comparisons (p < 0.05). Also, Hanwoo young bulls were not significantly different from Hanwoo proven bulls in the genetic merits of weight at 12 months, carcass weight, eye muscle area, backfat thickness, marbling score, and total genetic merits. Performance of Hanwoo young bulls were not significantly different from 1st class of Hanwoo proven bulls in all the traits studied except in eye muscle area.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.319-329
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• 2014

In this paper we study the properties of conformally recurrent pseudo Riemannian manifolds admitting a proper conformal vector field with respect to the scalar field ${\sigma}$, focusing particularly on the 4-dimensional Lorentzian case. Some general properties already proven by one of the present authors for pseudo conformally symmetric manifolds endowed with a conformal vector field are proven also in the case, and some new others are stated. Moreover interesting results are pointed out; for example, it is proven that the Ricci tensor under certain conditions is Weyl compatible: this notion was recently introduced and investigated by one of the present authors. Further we study conformally recurrent 4-dimensional Lorentzian manifolds (space-times) admitting a conformal vector field: it is proven that the covector ${\sigma}_j$ is null and unique up to scaling; moreover it is shown that the same vector is an eigenvector of the Ricci tensor. Finally, it is stated that such space-time is of Petrov type N with respect to ${\sigma}_j$.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.139-146
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• 2017

The number of papers discussing probiotics increases tremendously that limits the possibility for primary care physicians and clinicians to stay updated. Therefore, the aim of this paper will be to summarize available evidence of probiotic use in well-defined clinical indications of importance for pediatricians. Based on currently available evidence certain probiotic strains (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG [LGG] and Saccharomyces boulardii) have proven effect in the treatment of acute gastroenteritis and prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea. Furthermore, LGG was proven to be effective in prevention of nosocomial diarrhea and respiratory tract infection in day care centers. In conclusion, not all probiotic strains have same efficacy for all clinical indications, therefore, only strains with proven efficacy and safety should be recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.990-1000
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between consumer's economic environments and clothing buying behaviors. Consumer's economical environments can be identified as the influence of IMF and subjective social classes. And clothing buying behavior can be defined such as clothing buying motives, informants, clothing selective standards, price, patronage store in terms of consumer decision making process. This study was carried out in theoretical and empirical ways. The questionnaire was administered to 375 university students living in seoul during the April, 1998. The results of empirical study were as follows; First, Consumer's individual characteristics are proven to be significantly related to the influence of IMF and subjective social classes. Second, the influence of IMF is proven to be significantly correlated to the clothing buying behavior. Third, the subjective social classes is proven to be partially related to the clothing buying behavior.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.70-83
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• 1989

A nutrition survey of 209 children, 6 to 13 years old, in the namgok elemetnary school at Namsamyun, Yongin-gun, Kyonggi province, was undertaken in July of 1987, to investigate dietary and nutritional status. Mean value of hight was 98% of the Korean standard established by the Korean Standards Research Institute. However, in these terms, 7.7% of the subjects were proven to be short, mean value of weight was 94.5 of the Korean standard. However, in these terms, 9.3% of the subjects were proven to be moderatly underweight ; whereas 10.4% of the subjects were proven to be over weight. By the WHO criterion, 18.4% of the subjects showed lower figures of hemoglobin than anemic level of 12gm%/이. Mean urinary urea nitogen/creatinine ratio was 9.1$\pm$5.0 Carbohyudrate provided 68% of total energy intake ; protein accunted for 13% ; fat provided 19%. Energy intake was divided among breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks in a percentage ratio of 22 : 44 : 24 : 13. The survey clarified that the elementary school feeding largely supplemented the inadequate intake of these chidren at home.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.1083-1086
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• 2005

Now these days, many technical concepts and tools have been developed in the cryptographic field. Most digital signature schemes used in practice, such as RSA or DSA, have an important role in information privacy and secure authentication for perfect user. A clearly advantage of such schemes over with security proven relative to such common cryptographic assumptions, is their efficiency: as a result of their relative weak requirements regarding computation, bandwidth and storage, these scheme have so far beaten proven secure schemes in practice. Our aim is to contribute to bridge the gap that exists between the theory and practice of digital signature schemes. In this paper we present a digital signature that ensures information privacy. More precisely, under an appropriate assumption about RSA, the scheme is proven to be existentially forgeable under adaptively chosen message attacks. This mechanism can be applied to smart cards or E-Wallet for maintaining secure authentication for user’s information privacy.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.177-181
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• 1998

Provox is now widely used for voice rehabilitation for total laryngectomized patient because of its low airway resistance and easiness for phonation. This study was designed to reveal the influence of radiation therapy on Proven complications. Forty-four patients who underwent total laryngectomy were grouped into group A (no radiation), group B(radiation and then Provox insertion), group C(Proven insertion and then radiation). Provox complications were leakage, granulation tissue formation, malfunction and infection. The average survival time of Provox was longer in group C (9.2 me) than group A(8.6 m) or group B (7.3 me), but no statistical significance was found. The first time of Provox change was 10.2, 8.6 and 9.7 months respectively. The incidence of complication was not significantly different among groups. The cases of Provox remeval due to shunt failure were 5, 4 and 2 respectively. Even though a significant statistically difference was not found partialy due to the small numbers of patients, a special caution should be exercised in inserting Provox to prevent a serious complication for the patients who had a history of previous radiation.