• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.1315-1319
• /
• 2015

The fact that long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) aggravates corpus atrophic gastritis in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection has been proven clinically and experimentally. Corpus atrophic gastritis is a known risk factor for gastric cancer. Therefore, gastric neoplasia might be associated with the long-term use of PPIs. One of the causes of worsening corpus atrophic gastritis, leading to the development of adenocarcinoma, might be bacterial overgrowth under conditions of hypochlorhydria. The production of potentially carcinogenic N-nitrosocompounds by nitrosating organisms under conditions of hypochlorhydria might be associated with carcinogenesis. Interactions between bile acids, pH, and H. pylori might also contribute to carcinogenicity, especially in patients with gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). The concentration of soluble bile acids, which have bactericidal or chemorepellent properties toward H. pylori, in gastric contents is considerably higher in patients undergoing continuous PPI therapy than in healthy individuals with normal acid production. Under these circumstances, H. pylori might colonize the stomach body rather than the pyloric antrum. Hypergastrinemia induced by PPI administration might promote the development of gastric cancer. Because the main cause of corpus atrophic gastritis is H. pylori infection, and not PPI administration, H. pylori infection should be eradicated before starting long-term PPI therapy.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제1권3호
• /
• pp.337-343
• /
• 1997

Antiulcer effects of YH1238 and YH1885 were determined in the isolated gastric cells from human and rabbit stomach. Intracellular accumulation of $[^{14}C]-aminopyrine\;and\;[^{14}C]-glucose$ oxidation were used as indicators of acid secretory ability of the gastric cells. Unstimulated and stimulated gastric cells with dibutyryl cAMP$(10^{-3}M)$ were used and the inhibitory effects of YH1238 and VH1885 on acid secretion were compared with known proton pump inhibitors such as omerrazole and SK&F 96067. Dibutyryl cAMP stimulated the $[^{14}C]-aminopyrine$ accumulation and $[^{14}C]-glucose$ oxidation, which were inhibited by YH1238, YH1885, SK&F 96067 and omeprazole. Inhibitory effects of YH1238, YH1885 and omeprazole on $[^{14}C]-aminopyrine$ accumulation in stimulated gastric cells were more potent than that of SK&F 96067 at the concentration of $10^{-5}M$. It is suggested that the reversible proton pump inhibitors YH1238 and YH1885 would be effective antiulcer agents.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2022

Background and Objectives Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), mucolytics, and steroids were commonly recommended after phonomicrosurgery to prevent worsening of vocal fold (VF) scar formation and subglottal swelling. However, there is no consensus about whether laryngeal reflux and thick discharge are associated with the voice outcomes following phonomicrosurgery in benign VF lesions. The purpose of this study is to examine voice outcomes of use of PPIs, mucolytics,and steroids after phonomicrosurgery. Materials and Method This randomized controlled study is performed with patients undergoing laryngomicroscopic surgery for VF polyp and cyst. Participants were randomly assigned to 1) no medication, 2) PPIs, 3) PPIs+mucolytics, and 4) PPIs+mucolytics+steroids for 2 months postoperatively. Grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, and strain (GRBAS) scale, stroboscopic examination, aerodynamic assessment, acoustic analysis, and Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) were performed pre- and post-operatively at 2 months. Parameters were compared among four groups. Results Among 85 patients, a total of 50 patients were included. The VHI-10, perceptual and acoustic parameters improved in all groups after surgery. However, there was no significant difference in those parameters among all groups. Conclusion PPIs, mucolytics, and steroids did not significantly influence voice outcomes after phonomicrosurgery in patients with benign VF lesions.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.135-140
• /
• 2019

Objectives: This study sought to investigate the association between the systemic intake of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and the early failure of dental implants. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study involving 1,918 dental implants in 592 patients (69 implants in 24 PPI users and 1,849 implants in 568 nonusers, respectively) was conducted. The effect of PPI intake on the osseointegration of dental implants was evaluated using patientand implant-level models. Results: Among 24 PPI users, two patients experienced implant failure, one of whom had three and the other of whom had one failed implant, respectively. Thus, the rate of failure for this population was 8.3%. Separately, 11 nonusers each experienced one implant failure, and the failure rate for these patients was 1.9%. Fisher's exact test revealed statistically significant differences between PPI users and nonusers at the implant level (P=0.002) but failed to show any significance at the patient level (P=0.094). The odds of implant failure were 4.60 times greater among PPI users versus nonusers. Dental implants that were placed in patients using PPIs were found to be 4.30 times more likely to fail prior to loading. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that PPI intake may be associated with an increased risk of early dental implant failure.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 2023

The prevalence of Barrett's esophagus is increasing in South Korea. Several strategies have been tried to prevent its progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma. It is questionable whether the strategies being tried in the West can be applied adequately in South Korea. However, despite the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in the West, which is considerably higher than that in South Korea, the incidence of high-grade dysplasia/esophageal adenocarcinoma in population-based studies is as low as 0.23%/person-year. Therefore, in Korea, where the prevalence is lower than that, it is necessary to select high-risk groups more carefully for chemoprevention. The age of onset of gastroesophageal reflux disease-like symptoms at least once a week is related to the high-risk group rather than the presence or absence of chronic gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. The risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma include the patient's sex, age, smoking habit, and obesity. Proton pump inhibitors have a better preventive effect against esophageal adenocarcinoma compared to H2-receptor blockers, but their application to patients in Korea is limited due to the high number of individuals in need of treatment. Therefore, while considering the risk factors for the progression of esophageal adenocarcinoma, the administration of proton pump inhibitors should be considered for gastroesophageal reflux disease.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
• /
• pp.169-170
• /
• 2002

It has been well known for the stereoselectivity in pharmacodynamic effects of many xenobiotics including therapeutic agents, which have lead to the development of enantiomer drugs. Compared to pharmacodynamic stereoselectivity, stereoselective pharmacokinetics of each enantiomer has not been seriously considered in the development of enantiomer drugs although many reports have been demonstrated the stereoselective absorption and metabolism of racemic drug (e.g verapamil). (omitted)

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.141-144
• /
• 2013

Hyperplastic gastric polyps (HPPs) are the most common type of gastric polyps. They are assumed to be caused by chronic inflammation and regenerative proliferation, although this has not been clearly investigated yet. Many studies suggested the development of fundic gland polyps and carcinoid during long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy, but the relationship between PPIs and HPPs is still unclear. We encountered a patient who showed aggravation of HPPs after long-term use of PPIs. A 58-year-old male patient with liver cirrhosis visited our hospital because of hematemesis. We started PPI medication after confirming esophageal variceal bleeding and duodenal ulcer with blood clot in its base via emergency endoscopy. He took PPIs for three years because of an intractable duodenal ulcer. There was a marked increase in the size of the pre-existing polyps and in the development of new polyps. We presumed that the PPIs caused the aggravation of the HPPs, so we stopped their administration. After five months, the HPPs shrank and the polyps were partially degraded. More prospective studies are needed to investigate the relationship between HPPs and PPIs.

• 대한상부위장관⦁헬리코박터학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.231-234
• /
• 2018

Peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) is the most common cause of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and its frequency has been declining over the past decades. However, mortality from PUB persists, and it is still a serious challenge in clinical practice. Although endoscopic intervention is the basic treatment modality for PUB, pharmacological therapy is an important adjunct. The emergence of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) enables maintenance of intragastric pH >6, which greatly helps in the treatment of PUB. Continuous intravenous infusion of high-dose PPI reduces the re-bleeding rate, thereby helping avoid additional surgery in patients with high-risk stigmata. Moreover, administration of PPIs prior to endoscopy may reduce the need for additional endoscopic intervention. Recently introduced gastric acid suppressants, such as potassium-competitive acid blockers, have shown promising results in further treatment of PUB.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.251-258
• /
• 2020

Purpose: Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are frequently used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in children, but recent evidence suggests a potential association between PPI treatment and some types of infections. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) for the prevention of gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections in children with GERD treated with PPI (omeprazol). Methods: Children younger than 5 years with GERD were assigned by a computer-generated list to receive LGG (10⁹ colony-forming units) or placebo, twice daily, concomitantly with PPI treatment for 4-6 weeks; they were followed up for 12 weeks after therapy. The primary outcome measures were the percentage of children with a minimum of one episode of respiratory tract infection and the percentage of children with a minimum of one episode of gastrointestinal infection during the study. Results: Of 61 randomized children, 59 patients (LGG n=30; placebo n=29, mean age 11.3 months) were analyzed. There was no significant difference found between the LGG and placebo groups, either for the proportion of children with at least one respiratory tract infection (22/30 vs. 25/29, respectively; relative risk [RR] 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.66-1.10) or for the proportion of children with at least one gastrointestinal infection (9/30 vs. 9/29, respectively; RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.45-2.09). Conclusion: LGG was not effective in the prevention of infectious complications in children with GERD receiving PPI. Caution is needed in interpreting these results, as the study was terminated early due to slow subject recruitment.

• Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.559-569
• /
• 2018

Background/Aims Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disease globally with increasing prevalence and consequently greater burden on the Healthcare system. Traditionally, GERD has been considered a disease of middle-aged and older people. Since risk factors for GERD affect a growing number of the adult population, concerns have been raised that increasingly younger people may develop GERD. We aim to determine if the proportion of younger patients has increased among the GERD population. Methods The incidence of GERD as well as several variables were evaluated during an 11-year period. Explorys was used to evaluate datasets at a "Universal" and Healthcare system in northern Ohio to determine if trends at a local level reflected those at a universal level. GERD patients were classified into 7 age groups (15-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and ${\geq}70$ years). Results The proportion of patients with GERD increased in all age groups, except for those who were ${\geq}70$ years in the universal dataset (P < 0.001) and those who were ${\geq}60$ years in the Healthcare system (P < 0.001). The greatest rise was seen in 30-39 years in both datasets (P < 0.001). Similarly, the proportion of GERD patients who were using proton pump inhibitors increased in all age groups except for those who were ${\geq}70$ years in both datasets (P < 0.001), with the greatest increase being the group 30-39 years (P < 0.001). Conclusion Over the last decade, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of younger patients with GERD, especially those within the age range of 30-39 years.