• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.476-479
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• 1994

Five pohenolic compounds were isolated from 80% aq. acetone extract of Duchesnea chyrysantha. Their crytotoxicities were screened by the colorimetric tetrazolium assay (MIT assay). Gallic acid, methyl caffeate, protocatechuic acid and pedunculagin mildly inhibited the survival of $PC_{14}{\;}and{\;}MKN_{45}$ human cancer cell. Brevifolin carboxylic acid showed a strong cytotoxic activity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.280-284
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• 2002

Six compounds were isolated from the fruits of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus. Their structures were elucidated as (-)-sesamin, scoparone, protocatechuic acid, ursolic acid, hyperin and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by physicochemical and spectroscopic analysis. Among them, scoparone, ursolic acid and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural were isolated for the first time from Acanthopanax species.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.168-174
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• 1986

보리쌀중의 phenol 화합물 을 분리.확인하고 그 phen이 화합물의 추출액과 각 phenol 화합물이 Saccharomyces cerevlszae의 생육에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. GLC로 분석한 결과, 보리쌀 중에는 cinnamic, protoca techuic, ferullic, sinapic. vanillic, syringic, gallic acid의 7 종이 분리.학인되었으며 그 중에서 sinapic, ferulic, cinnamic, prot toca techuic acid가 많이 존재 하는 편이였고 vanillic, syringic, gallic acid가 적게 존재하는 편이었다. Phenol 화합물의 추출액은 total phenol함량으로 100 ppm이상에서 Saccharomyces cerevisiae의 생육을 24시간 까지는 억제했으나 48시간 이후에는 억제하지 않았다. 분리.확인된 각 phen이 화합물 중에서 cinnamic, ferulic, vanillic acid는 효모의 생육을 전반적으로 억제했으며 그 중에서 cinnamic acid의 억제효과가 가장 컸다. Syringic acid는 생육초기에만 억제했으며 sinapic acid와 protocatechuic acid는 저농도에서 다소 촉진하는 것으로 나타났고 gallic acid는 생육에 별 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2001

Five flavonoids and one aromatic acid were isolated from the leaves of Zanthoxylum piperitum. The structures of compounds were elucidated as quercetin, afzelin, quercitrin, hyperoside, hesperidin and protocatechuic acid on the basis of spectral evidence.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.86-91
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• 2000

The purpose of this was to investigate the degradation efficiency of phenol compounds(catechol, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid) by Streptomyces halstedii scabies SAI-36, Streptomyces avendulas SA2-14, and Strptomyces badius(ATCC 39117, control group). The results were as follows: Catechol showed the degradation efficiency that is lower than 50% in three strains. Ferulic acid and vanillic acid showed high degradation efficiency of 98.8% and 94.5% respectively by Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14. protocatechuic acid and syringicacid showed high degradation efficiency of 89.6% and 77.9%. The degradation efficiency of catechol by Streptomyces halstedii scabies SAI-36, Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14 and Streptomyces badius(ATCC 39117) was low as 49.2%, 40.2% and 20.2% respectively. But the degradation of other phenolic compoumds except catechol by Streptomyces laven-dulas SA2-36 and Streptomyces badius(ATCC 39117). The results demonstrated that two experimental strains are superior ability to control group in degradation of phenol compounds and Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14 was superior of two experimental strain. This results were consistent with previous research results that Streptomyces lavendulas SA2-14 was the best strain in degradation ability for lignin, decoloration abilities for variousdyes, and various enzyme production abilities. Therefore, it is suggested that lignin can be used as a indicator when selecting Actinomycetes for degradation of non-degradable materials such as phenol compounds.

• 생약학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.185-189
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the structure of antioxidative constituents and the free radical scavenging effect of the main ingredients from Galla Rhois(Rhus javanica Linne). Antioxidative activities of n-hexane, EtOAc and BuOH extracts of Galla Rhois were similar or even higher than that of natural (tocopherol) or synthetic antioxidant (BHA). It is suggested that major fractions for the antioxidative activity of Galla Rhois were the n-hexane, EtOAc and BuOH extract compartments. In the subsequently experiment, one active compound from n-hexane extract, three active compounds from EtOAc extract and one active compound from BuOH extract were isolated. Their chemical structures were identified as syringic acid, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid methylester, gallic acid and $1,2,3,4,6- penta-O-galloyl-{\beta}-D-glucose$ on the basis of the speculation of spectral data and chemical reaction. Among the compounds, protocatechuic acid, gallic acid methylester and $1,2,3,4,6- penta-O-galloyl-{\beta}-D-glucose$ showed most potent radical scavenging effect using DPPH method.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.424-430
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• 2006

Low molecular weight polyphenols were isolated from hot water extracts of radiata pine (Pinus radiata) bark using a Sephadex LH-20 column and characterized by $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ NMR, UV, FT-IR, and GC-MS analyses. Major compounds isolated and identified were protocatechuic acid, trans-taxifolin, and quercetin. Trans-taxifolin, an important intermediate in biosynthetic route of proanthocyanidin (PA), was isolated in large quantities and indicates that PA is a major component of radiata pine bark. Small amounts of polyphenols were identified by GC-MS analysis. The presence of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, protocatechuic acid, cis- and trans-feruic acid, p-coumaric acid, trans-caffeic acid, (-)-epicatechin, (+)-catechin, trans- and cis-taxifolin, (+)-gallocatechin, and quercetin was confirmed by comparison of mass fragmentation patterns and retention times (RT) with authentic samples. In addition, the presence of astringenin, astringenin glycoside, trans- and cis-leucodelphinidin was strongly assumed from characteristic mass fragment ions due to their conjugated structure and retro Diels-Alder reaction, and also from biosynthetic route of PA. GC-MS analysis allowed us to detect small amounts of phenolic acids and flavonoids and eventually discriminate trans- and cis-configuration in the identified polyphenols.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.154-157
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• 1993

탈지 산사(Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge)에서 추출된 에테르 추출물의 항산화성이 확인됨에 따라, 각 페놀성 추출물, 즉 유리형, 용성 에스테르형 및 불용성 물질의 분리 및 동정이 TLC, gel column chromatography, MS 및 H-NMR에 의해서 시도되었다. 시료의 유리형 페놀산 추출물에서는 caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid 및 pyrogallol, 용성 에스테르형 페놀에서는 caffeic acid 및 phloroglucinol, 불용성 페놀산에서는 protocatechuic acid, phloroglucinol 등이 각각 동정되어 산사의 주된 항산화성 물질임이 확인되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.329-340
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• 1996

The extracts of selected plants and analyzed phenolic compounds were used to study the effects of alleloKDICicals on seed germination and seedling growth. HPLC analysis of the aqueous extracts of seven species identified 15 phenolic compounds including caffeic acid. Among them, protocatechuic acid was detected at 65.87ppm and 6.84ppm, in Erigeron canadensis and Pinus rigida, respectively. And the extract of P. rigida showed the strongest inhibitory effect on seed germination. The extract of P. rigida leaves significantly inhibited germination and radicle growth of Raphanus sativus var. hortensis for. acanthiformis in direct proportion to concentration. However, germination of Cassia mimosoides var. nomame was stimulated by the treated extracts at the same concentrations, but root growth was inhibited at high concentrations. Except chlorogenic acid, eleven of the twelve phenolic compounds inhibited the germination of R. sativus var. hortensis for. acanthiformis. In the case of C. mimosoides var. nomame, some phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, protocatechuic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid and ${\rho}-coumaric$ acid stimulated germination, while the others reduced it.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.66-70
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• 1996

Aliphatic esters of protocatechuic acid (PA, 1), vanillic acid (VA, 9) and gallic acid (GA, 18) were prepared and their anti-thrombotic effects were evaluated in the mouse model of thrombosis. The aliphatic groups included methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, n-amyl and cyclohexyl. n-Amyl ester of PA (7), i-propyl and cyclohexyl esters of VA (13 and 17 respectively) and ethyl ester of GA (20) treatment significantly lowered the death rate and increased the recovery from paralysis due to the thrombotic challenge. From the limited analogs available, it was tentatively concluded that the structural conformation, where carboxy oxygen (=O or -O) of the carboxyl group (COOH) at $C_1$ and the oxygen function at $C_3(either\; OH\; or\; OCH_3)$ are closely situated, is favorable for the esters of PA, VA and GA to be more antithrombotic.