• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

The measured mean activities of $^{226}Ra,\;^{232}Th,\;^{40}K\;and\;^{137}Cs$ in the soil of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar and Rahimyar Khan Bistricts were 32.9, 53.6, 647.4 and 1.8 Bq $kg^{-1}$. The average absorbed dose rate calculated from these activities was 74.3 nGy $h^{-1}$ and the mean annual effective dose rate was found to be 0.46 mSv $y^{-1}$. Absorbed doses to different body organs were derived from annual effective doses using tissue weighting factors. Radiation induced fatal cancer risks were assessed by using ICRP 60 Model. Estimations incurred 184deaths per year due to cancer.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2011

Contrast a general building high rise buildings itself has a kind of risk. In this study, the risk of a number of high rise buildings have fire fighting safety management of the particular risks associated with looking for ways to minimize focused. Issues include self fire protection. disaster management, building code and fire code of the mismatch, such as fire protection facilities aspects are explained in terms of three kinds, and for it to take steps in the direction suggested an alternative for high rise buildings. Although differences of opinion between departments will not be easy to fire fighting and building codes regarding conflicts of codes above all require immediate resolution, and high rise buildings to create a standard for effective risk management manual countermeasures will also be ensured.

• 한국사회정책
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.63-87
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• 2017

최근 자영업 일자리의 불안정성이 커지면서 여성 자영업자가 실업과 빈곤과 같은 사회적 위험에 노출되어 있음에도 불구하고, 한국 공공정책의 관심은 자영업자보다는 임금근로자에 집중되었다. 이는 동아시아 복지국가모델의 정책 논리의 잔재에서 그 이유를 찾을 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 성별과 종사상 지위별 사회적 위험 수준을 탐색해 보고, 여성 자영업자의 사회적 위험과 동아시아복지국가의 정책논리와의 연관성을 검증해 보고자, 한국복지패널자료(9차)를 사용해 평균비교분석과 순서 로짓 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 본 연구는 성별과 종사상 지위별로 사회적 위험 수준에서 차이가 있음을 발견하였다. 즉, 남녀 간 그리고, 자영업자와 정규직 임금근로자 간 사회적 위험수준에 상당한 차이가 있었다. 또한, 영세 자영업자 가운데서도 특히 여성이 사회적 위험에 매우 취약한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 여성보다는 남성 가장을 중심으로 그리고 핵심 근로자를 위주로 사회적 보호가 이루어지는 동아시아 복지국가의 정책논리가 한국의 사회보장정책에 여전히 잔재되어 있음을 시사한다.

• Strategy21
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• 통권37호
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• pp.193-241
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• 2015

China, Japan and Korea are the world's top 10 energy consumers, and so very interested in the development of seabed hydrocarbon resources in order to meet their energy demands. The East China Sea is the tri-junction area where three countries' entitlements on the maritime boundaries are overlapped. There are abundant oil reserves in the East China Sea, and therefore competitions among countries are growing to get control of them. Although these countries have concluded the bilateral agreements to jointly develop resources in the East China Sea, they do not function as well. Because joint development and management of seabed petroleum resources can lead to stable development system, and to lower possibility of legal and political disputes, the needs for joint development agreement among three countries are urgent. Meanwhile, Northeast Asian seas are semi-closed seas, which are geographically closed and vulnerable to marine pollution. Moreover there are a lot of nuclear power plants in coastal area, and seabed petroleum resources are being developed. So it is likely to occur nuclear and oil spill accidents. Fukushima nuclear disaster and Bohai Bay oil spill accident in 2011 are the cases to exhibit the potential of major marine pollution accidents in this area. It is anticipated that the risks become higher because power plants and offshore oil platforms are extending gradually. Therefore, the ways to seek the joint marine environmental protection agreement focused on regulation of nuclear power plant and offshore oil platform have to be considered. In this paper, we try to find the way to make joint development and joint environmental protection agreement in Northeast Asian seas. We concentrate on the measure to drive joint development of seabed petroleum deposits in East China Sea's overlap area, despite of maritime delimitation and territorial disputes, and we try to drive joint marine environmental protection system to respond to marine pollution and accidents due to offshore oil platform and nuclear power plants. Through these consideration, we seek solutions to deal with lack of energy, disputes of maritime territorial and boundary delimitation, and marine pollution in Northeast Asia.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.516-524
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• 2015

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the current status of knowledge, awareness and health risk concerns on occupational radiation exposures among firefighters in Korea. The results will provide basic information for developing a prevention program to minimize adverse health effects relating to radiation exposure among firefighters. Methods: A questionnaire was composed of general characteristics of participants, and their knowledge, awareness, health risk concerns relating to occupational radiation exposure. It was distributed by email to all of 307 firefighters in Jeollabukdo in April 2014 and 259 of them (response rate 84.3%) were responded. Answers were analyzed for descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages. SPSS/WIN 18.0 program was utilized for statistical analysis of t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation. Results: The average score of radiation protection knowledge was $5.83{\pm}1.77$ ($average{\pm}SD$) out of 10. The score of awareness and health risk concerns on radiation exposure were 4.27, 3.94 out of 5, respectively. The results indicated that the knowledge on the characteristics of radiation was marginal among the firefighters, while the awareness and health risk concerns relating to radiation exposures were relatively higher comparing to other professions. Conclusions: Knowing the characteristics of potential risks is the first step for minimizing the adverse health effects relating to the risks. Therefore, it is necessary to provide adequate training and information on radiation and exposure protection methods for firefighters.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2006

원전 종사자를 대상으로 경시적인 코호트 연구를 통하여 저준위 방사선 노출과 암 발생 위해도를 규명하고자 하였다. 방사선 노출에 관한 정보는 한국수력원자력(주)의 방사선 관리 DB에서 수집하였고, 암 발생에 관한 정보는 한국인 중앙 암 등록 자료를, 암 사망에 관한 정보는 통계청 사망원인 자료를 이용하여 수집하였다. 방사선 노출과 암 발생 위해도는 표준화 암 사망비(SMR)와 표준화 암 발생 비(SIR)로 평가하였다. 노출 군에서 암 발생에 대한 상대위험도는 1.08로 평가되었으나 전체 암에 대한 SIR은 0.81로 유의성이 관찰되지 않았다. 암 사망에 대한 상대위험도는 1.21 이었으나 전체 암에 대한 SMR도 0.86으로 역시 유의성은 관찰되지 않았다. 암 유형별 양상은 우리나라 일반인과 유사한 결과를 보였으며, 방사선량 증가에 따른 양-반응 관계 또한 확인되지 않았다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2002

본 연구는 화재위험도 분석 개념과 정의 및 접근방식을 검토하여 건물화재위험도 분석의 기반을 구축하였으며, 다음으로 컴퓨터 프로그램인 FREM을 사용하여 국내외 대표적인 고층건물 100동에 대한 화재위험도를 평가한 후 위험의 유형을 도출하였고, 또한 외국에서 개발된 이 기법을 국내에서 적용하였을 때 발생되는 문제점을 밝혔다. 고층건물의 화재위험도 평가에 있어 가장 중요한 요소는 건물 내 방화구획과 자동소화설비의 신뢰도라 할 수 있다. 더불어 고층건물에서 화재안전을 확보하기 위하여서는 이 두 설비를 유효하게 설치하고 유지관리 하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하다. 또한, 차후 이 두 설비 등에 대한 신뢰도 평가기준을 더욱 심도 있게 연구하여, 지수를 이용한 건물 화재위험도 평가에 적용한다면 적은 비용으로 보다 정확한 위험도 산정이 가능할 것이다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.90-99
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• 2023

Background: Quantitative risk assessments should be accompanied by uncertainty analyses of the risk models employed in the calculations. In this study, we aim to develop a computational code named SUMRAY for use in cancer risk projections from radiation exposure taking into account uncertainties. We also aim to make SUMRAY publicly available as a resource for further improvement of risk projection. Materials and Methods: SUMRAY has two versions of code written in R and Python. The risk models used in SUMRAY for all-solid-cancer mortality and incidence were those published in the Life Span Study of a cohort of the atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The confidence intervals associated with the evaluated risks were derived by propagating the statistical uncertainties in the risk model parameter estimates by the Monte Carlo method. Results and Discussion: SUMRAY was used to calculate the lifetime or time-integrated attributable risks of cancer under an exposure scenario (baseline rates, dose[s], age[s] at exposure, age at the end of follow-up, sex) specified by the user. The results were compared with those calculated using another well-known web-based tool, Radiation Risk Assessment Tool (RadRAT; National Institutes of Health), and showed a reasonable agreement within the estimated confidential interval. Compared with RadRAT, SUMRAY can be used for a wide range of applications, as it allows the risk projection with arbitrarily specified risk models and/or population reference data. Conclusion: The reliabilities of SUMRAY with the present risk-model parameters and their variance-covariance matrices were verified by comparing them with those of the other codes. The SUMRAY code is distributed to the public as an open-source code under the Massachusetts Institute of Technology license.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.151-154
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• 2021

State information policy is an important component of foreign and domestic policy of the country and covers all spheres of society. The rapid development of the information sphere is accompanied by the emergence of fundamentally new threats to the interests of the individual, society, state and its national security. The article considers the components of the state information policy to ensure information security of the country and identifies the main activities of public authorities in this area. Internal and external information threats to the national security of Ukraine and ways to guarantee the information security of the country are analyzed. Information security is seen as a component of national security, as well as a global problem of information protection, information space, information sovereignty of the country and information support of government decisions. Approaches to ensure the process of continuity of the information security system of the state in order to monitor new threats, identify risks and levels of their intensity are proposed.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1994년도 교수 연수회(환경)
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• pp.23-56
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• 1994

Recent criticisms of the conduct and use of risk assessment by regulatory agencies have led to a wide range of proposed remedies, including changes in regulatory statutes and the development of new methods for assessing risk. The mandate to this Committee was more limited. Our objective was to examine whether alterations in institutional arrangements or procedures, particularly the organizational separation of risk assessment from regulatory decision-making and the use of uniform guidelines for inferring risk from available scientific information, can improve federal risk assessment activities. Before undertaking to determine whether organizational and procedural reforms could improve the performance and use of risk assessment in the federal government, the Committee examined the state of risk assessment and the regulatory environment in which it is performed. In this chapter, we define risk assessment and differentiate it from other elements in the regulatory process, analyze the types of judgments made in risk assessment, and examine its current government context. Because one chronic health hazard, cancer, was highlighted in the Committee's congressional mandate and has dominated public concern about public health risks in recent years, most of our report focuses on it. Furthermore, because activities in four agencies--the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)--have given rise to many of the proposals for changes in risk assessment practices, our review focuses on these four agencies. The conclusions of this report, although directed primarily at risk assessment of potential carcinogens as performed by these four agencies, may be applicable to other federal programs to reduce health risks.