• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2017

Background: Radiation is used in a variety of areas, but it also poses potential risks. Although radiation is often used with great effectiveness in many applications, people perceive potential risks associated with radiation and feel anxious about the possibility of radiation exposure. Various methods of measuring radiation doses have been developed, but there is no way for the general public to measure their doses with ease. Currently, many people use smartphones, which provide information about the location of an individual phone through network connections. If a smartphone application could be developed for measuring radiation dosage, it would be a very effective way to measure individuals' radiation doses. Thus, we conducted a survey study to assess the social acceptance of such a technology by the general public and their intent to use that technology to measure radiation doses, as well as to investigate whether such an intention is correlated with anxiety and attitudes toward the use of radiation. Materials and Methods: A nationwide online survey was conducted among 355 Koreans who were 20 years old or older. Results and Discussion: Significant differences were found between the genders in attitudes, perceptions of radiation risk, and fears of exposure to radiation. However, a significant difference according to age was observed only in the intent to use a smartphone dose measurement application. Attitudes towards the use of radiation exerted a negative effect on radiation risk perception and exposure anxiety, whereas attitudes towards the use of radiation, risk perception, and anxiety about exposure were found to have a positive impact on the intent to use a smartphone application for dose measurements. Conclusion: A survey-based study was conducted to investigate how the general public perceives radiation and to examine the acceptability of a smartphone application as a personal dose monitoring device. If such an application is developed, it could be used not only to monitor an individual's dose, but also to contribute to radiation safety information infrastructure by mapping radiation in different areas, which could be utilized as a useful basis for radiation research.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

The aim of this review was to assess current knowledge related to the occupational exposure limit (OEL) for fluid aerosols including either mineral or chemical oil that are generated in metalworking operations, and to discuss whether their OEL can be appropriately used to prevent several health risks that may vary among metalworking fluid (MWF) types. The OEL (time-weighted average; 5 mg/$m^3$, short-term exposure limit ; 15 mg/$m^3$) has been applied to MWF aerosols without consideration of different fluid aerosol-size fractions. The OEL, is also based on the assumption that there are no significant differences in risk among fluid types, which may be contentious. Particularly, the health risks from exposure to water-soluble fluids may not have been sufficiently considered. Although adoption of The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's recommended exposure limit for MWF aerosol (0.5 mg/$m^3$ ) would be an effective step towards minimizing and evaluating the upper respiratory irritation that may be caused by neat or diluted MWF, this would fail to address the hazards (e.g., asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis) caused by microbial contaminants generated only by the use of water-soluble fluids. The absence of an OEL for the water-soluble fluids used in approximately 80-90 % of all applicants may result in limitations of the protection from health risks caused by exposure to those fluids.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2016

현대 화학플랜트 및 석유 가스 산업 시설은 다양한 잠재위험으로 인하여 위험물질의 누출 및 화재가 빈번히 발생하고 있다. 그 중 특히 화재는 직접적인 화염의 접촉 또는 복사열로 인하여 인명피해는 물론 건물, 설비에 대한 피해 발생으로 domino effect가 발생하여 2차, 3차 피해까지도 발생하기도 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 발생가능한 화재를 파악하여 사고피해영향과 빈도를 낮추어 화재 위험성을 관리하는 FRA(Fire Risk Assessment)기법의 절차를 제시하였으며, 사고피해영향으로 화염의 직접적인 접촉과 복사열로 인한 주요건물(제어실, 창고, 변전소)의 물리적 특성이 변형되는 시간을 고려하였다. 사례연구를 통하여 수행한 FRA기법으로 국내외 화학공장의 위험성을 경감시킬 수 있었으며, Protection 설정을 통한 사고의 빈도와 피해영향의 감소를 정량적으로 파악할 수 있었다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.63-81
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• 2021

Joint financial network of Korea Financial Telecommunications and Clearings Institute, which is an essential facility with a natural monopoly, maintained its closedness as monopoly/public utility model, but it has evolved in the form of open banking in order to obtain domestic fintech competitiveness in the rapidly changing digital financial ecosystem such as the acceleration of Big Blur. In accordance with digital transformation strategy of financial institutions, various ICT companies are actively participating in the financial industries, which has been exclusive to banks, through the link technology called Open API. For this reason, there has been a significant change in the financial service supply chain in which ICT companies participate as users. The level of security in the financial service supply chain is determined based on the weakest part of the individual components according to the law of minimum. In addition, there is a perceived risk of personal information and financial information leakage among the main factors that affect users' intention to accept services, and appropriate protective measures against perceived security risks can be a catalyst, which increases the acceptance of open banking. Therefore, this is a study on factors affecting the introduction of open banking to achieve financial innovation by developing an open banking security control model for financial institutions, as a protective measures to user organizations, from the perspectives of cyber financial security and customer information protection, respectively, and surveying financial security experts. It is expected, from this study, that effective information protection measures will be derived to protect the rights and interests of financial customers and will help promote open banking.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.419-425
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• 2023

The Radiation and Decommissioning Laboratory of Central Research Institute (CRI) of Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co. (KHNP) performs research to technically support the effective management of radiological hazards to avoid risks to civilians, the workers, and the environment from the radiological risks. The laboratory mainly consists of three technical groups: decommissioning and SF technology group, radiation and chemistry group, and radwaste and environment group. The groups carry out various R&D such as decommissioning, spent fuel management, radiation protection, water chemistry management, and radioactive waste management. The laboratory also technically supports the calibration of radiometric instruments as a Korea Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (KOLAS), approval for decommissioning, guidance for radioactive waste management, state-of-the-art technology evaluations, and technology transfer.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2019

본 논문은 ESS 리튬배터리의 과충전 및 외부수열에 따른 화재위험성에 관한 실험적 연구이다. 과충전 실험결과 벤트 발생 후 가연성 가스 및 연기가 서서히 증가되다 착화가 발생했고, 충전된 에너지가 한순간에 급격히 방출되면서 화염분출 및 불티를 동반한 폭발적인 연소형태가 나타났다. 반면, 외부수열 실험결과 벤트 발생 후 엄청난 양의 가연성 가스 및 연기가 다량 배출되다 착화되어, 방출된 에너지로 인해 충전된 에너지양 자체가 급격히 감소되어 화염발생 후 과충전과 비교했을 때 소극적인 연소형태가 나타났다. 소손특성 분석결과 육안 및 X-ray 검사를 통해 과충전과 외부수열(외부화염)의 차이점을 찾을 수 있었다. 즉, 과충전의 경우 내부 극판이 완전히 파괴되어 부서지고, 극판에서 천공이 관찰되었으나, 외부수열의 경우 내부 전극판의 소손정도가 심하지 않고 형태를 유지하고 있었다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

국내에서는 수소충전소 보급 및 상용화를 추진 중에 있으나 수소충전소에 대한 위험도 판정이 명확하지 않다. 특히 수소충전소에 대한 위험도 산출 방법 및 허용가능 기준이 명확하지 않은 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 설치 중인 수소충전소 3개소를 선정하여 일반적인 위험도 산출 방법을 활용하여 각각의 수소충전소의 사회적 위험도를 계산해보았다. 일반적인 위험도 산출의 방법으로 개인적/사회적 위험도를 통한 사고빈도를 고려한 개인의 사망활률 및 인근주민의 수에 따른 사망 가능성을 통해 수소충전소의 위험도 수준을 산출할 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 위험도의 경우에도 허용가능 여부를 판단할 기준이 불분명한 실정이다. 이에 국외의 위험도 허용가능 기준을 조사하고 국내의 선정된 수소충전소의 위험도를 적용하여 허용가능 수준임을 고찰해 보았다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.155-161
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• 1999

Objectio ostinato the carcinogenic risks from the ingestion of some carcinogenic pesticides (CPs) in vegetables sampled at a local agricultural product market in Seoul. Methods: After applying a hazard identification step, we selected four pesticides, such as DDT, dieldrin, folpet, and heptachlor epoxide, for this risk assessment. Concentrations of each pesticide were measured from randomly sampled vegetables. In order to estimate the human exposure levels, we combined the concentration of pesticides in the vegetables with consumption rate of those vegetables. Three scenarios were hypothesized for human exposure assessment. Scenario I was the most conservative which supposed the undetected CPs would be the detection limit values. Scenario II was assumed that the undetected CPs would be a half of the detection limit values, and finally scenario III merely considered only values greater than the detection limit values. We finally presented the estimated carcinogenic risks on the basis of the traditional risk assessment procedure suggested by U.S. EPA. Results: Pesticides including DDT, dieldrin, folpet and heptachlor epoxide were detected in 9 samples (6%) in the range of $0.0006\sim0.09ppm$. The daily intake levels of carcinogenic pesticides were estimated in the range of $0.0009\sim0.0079{\mu}g/day$. As we expected, excess cancer risks based on scenario I was also the highest $(1.1\times10^{-8}\sim5.5\times10^{-5})$. Conclusions: We found that the estimated risks from the pesticides we investigated were not serious. We, however, propose that a continuos monitoring is needed to make sure for the protection of public health.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2020

낙석방지울타리의 지지능력은 철망, 지주, 와이어로프의 성능을 합친 것으로 정의되며, 기존에 시공되고 있는 낙석방지울타리는 도로안전시설 설치 및 관리지침 중 낙석방지시설 편에는 48~61kJ의 에너지를 흡수할 수 있는 지주, 와이어로프, 철망의 규격이 제시되어 있다. 그러나 흡수에너지에 대한 각 요소들의 상관관계가 명확하게 제시되어 있지 않아 불확실하다(Ministry of Land, 2008). 본 논문에서는 수직 낙하시험을 이용하여 낙석방지울타리의 성능평가 시험을 수행하던 중 복잡한 꼬임으로 이루어져 체결 조건 등이 중요한 낙석방지망이 흡수하는 에너지를 확인하기 위해 실물낙석시험을 수행하였다. 시험결과를 이용하여 낙석방지망의 변위량 산정요소인 𝛿의 적절성을 판단하고 국외 성능평가 기준을 이용하여 낙석방지망의 흡수가능에너지를 평가하였다. 변위량 𝛿의 경우 명시되어 있는 1/4보다 1/2로 사용하는 것이 적합하다고 판단되며, 낙석방지망은 30kJ 정도의 에너지를 흡수한다는 결과를 도출하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2009

Children are not small adults and there is a need to carry out specific trials that cannot be performed in adults. In general, children (minors) are unable to consent but their assent should be obtained using age appropriate information. Institutional Review Board (IRB) need paediatric expertise to balance the benefits and risks of research in children. The lack of consent has implications on the design, analysis and the choice of comparators used in the trials, which should only be performed by trained investigators with paediatric experience. Pain, fear, distress and parental separation should be prevented and minimised when unavoidable. The children requires even more careful review. Children represent a vulnerable population with developmental, physiological and psychological differences from adults, which make age- and development- related research important for their benefit. Finally, criteria for the protection of children in clinical trials therefore need to be laid down. Specific protection should be defined for research performed in children, at all stages and ages.