• 한국연극학
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• 제49호
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• pp.49-71
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• 2013

Melodrama emerged as a form of the moral in the early modern age. As an approach 'the moral' not only means that rewarding virtue and punishing vice, but also refer to a principle of spiritual life and a way of life. -Melodrama theatricalizes a new vision of human life and society through a new type of the virtuous protagonist and sentiment/-ality. -This allows melodrama to be a dominant cultural form in this modern age, beyond the borders of the theater, mass-media, and literature. Virtue and sentiment/-ality are the core elements of melodrama, which differentiate it from tragedy and comedy especially in the structure and effect of the drama. Actually virtue and sentiment/-ality have been a main target of criticism. Virtue has been regarded as a trite quality of the stereotypical protagonist, and sentiment/-ality as a banal emotion which paralyzes an audience's recognition of reality. -However, this thesis regards both virtue and sentiment/-ality as vehicles for showing and sharing the morals of the modern age. First, the virtues of the protagonist included the general and universal ones of the bourgeois -at that times, the bourgeois represented themselves as a human being- such as the responsibility and obedience of a father, a mother, a wife, a husband, a daughter and a son. They also included the professional ethics such as courage, honesty, and justice and so on. The fall or salvation of the protagonist is largely determined by his/her private individual virtue. Second, sentiment/ality is a theatrical device that makes the audience internalize the protagonist's virtue. The protagonist expresses his/her universal virtue sentimentally, and the audience also expresses their virtue by sympathizing with the protagonist's virtue sentimentally. However, the melodramatic protagonist as an individual, is not connected with society, but remains isolated. As a result, s/he has no influence on the society, where s/he can only ends her/his play alone with a happy-ending. S/he is happy alone, or at best happy with his/her own family. On the contrary to this, tragic protagonist usually fixes social disorder through his/her fall. In that sense, we can say that melodrama presents only the half of the human life.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.152-158
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• 2023

이 연구는 웹툰 <화산귀환>을 통해 제시되는 주인공 '청명'의 의식과 무의식, 개성화 과정을 융의 개성화 과정 이론에 접목하여 분석하였다. 연구 대상은 성공한 웹소설을 기반으로 다양한 성별과 연령대의 독자층을 형성하고 있는 웹툰 <화산귀환>을 선정하였다. 융의 개성화 과정 이론에 접목하여 분석한 <화산귀환> 주인공의 개성화 과정은 첫째, 주인공의 자아는 무의식에서 파생된 그림자로부터 발생하였다. 둘째, 주인공의 페르소나는 현실에서는 사회적이며 긍정적이지만, 개인적인 페르소나는 드러낼 수 없는 그림자로 나타났다. 셋째, 주인공의 아니마/무스는 깊은 의식 내면과 현실을 연결하며, 페르소나와 보완적 관계에 있다. 넷째, 주인공의 자기(Self)는 총체적인 이상적인 인간과 화산의 근본을 상징한다. 주인공은 끊임없이 반복적으로 의식과 무의식의 통합과정을 거치면서 보상받는 과정에서 자기실현이 이루어지는 것으로 나타났다.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.211-226
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• 2006

This paper examines the crisis of the protagonist's Jewish identity in Philip Roth's Portnoy's Complaint. Jewish values are centered on the philosophy of Judaism and Jewish history. Judaism is based on an ethical monotheism which is Bible-centered. It is characterized by its covenant with God, its humanism, and its emphasis on moral action. It provides essential reasons for man's existence and stresses human confidence and sufficiency. Jewish values can be found in words such as "good," "humanity," "dignity," "responsibility," and "sense of community." These positive Jewish values pervade Philip Roth's fiction paradoxically. Throughout especially Portnoy's Complaint, the protagonist fails to embrace Jewish values in contrast to Bellow or Malamud's heroes and repeat the same mistakes eliciting fits of laughter from readers. The protagonist suffers from his strongly-felt ethical and altruistic impulses perpetually warring with his extreme sexual longings against which he struggles. His desperation grows as he finds himself unable to channel his dissatisfaction and change his situations. His dominating mother and his confusion over Jewishness and Americanism are the main obstacles to his establishment of self-identity. He attempts to build up his gender identity and Jewish identity through his ego-centric sexual relationship with shikses(female gentiles). His inability to embody Jewish values leads to the failure to fulfill his identity. Roth paradoxically shows that the protagonist's realization of Jewishness is essential to the cure for his fragmented self.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권33호
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• pp.79-97
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• 2013

애니메이션은 내러티브를 바탕으로 하는 기호의 집합체라 할 수 있다. 그레마스는 의미를 객관적으로 분석 가능한 것으로 구조주의적 틀을 형성하고 이를 통하여 의미를 분석하고자 하였다. 그레마스의 기호학은 애니메이션 속에 등장하는 캐릭터들 간에 갈등구조를 분석하는데 적합하며, 기호학사각형 및 역할소 모델을 통해 숨겨진 갈등구조와 의미를 파악한다. 기호사각형은 의미구조를 파악하는데 적합하기에 이를 애니메이션에 응용하면 캐릭터 간의 구조 파악 및 캐릭터 간에 파생되는 의미를 도출해 볼 수 있다. 역할소 모델은 구조 속에서 욕망의 축을 기준으로 캐릭터 간에 권력관계를 파악할 수 있도록 도와준다. 본 논문은 그레마스의 기호학에 대하여 살펴보고 이를 기반으로 애니메이션 <마당을 나온 암탉>을 기호학적으로 분석한다. 또한 프로프의 민담 분석과 같이 <마당을 나온 암탉>의 내러티브를 분석한 후 그레마스의 기호사각형를 사용하여 프로타고니스트와 안타고니스트의 갈등을 분석한다. 프로타고니스트의 내적갈등과는 달리 안타고니스트의 내적갈등은 전체 갈등 구조에 큰 영향을 미치며 관객의 감정을 동요시킨다. 마지막으로 역할소 모델을 통해 애니메이션을 공시적 구조 틀 속에서 살펴본다.

• 인문언어
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.179-196
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• 2001

According to Formalist theory, form is not separate from content. Form does not merely convey or express content but can itself produce meaning. The close correlation of the narrative structure, more specifically the time structure of the narrative, and the narrative style of Kim Seung-Ok′s short story′"Travel in Mujin" provides a good example of this argument. The story opens with the first-person narrator, currently living in the bustling city of Seoul, back in his small provincial home town Mujin, where he brings up memories that had been hitherto suppressed. The revived memories are ordered into the narrator′s present thought structure, in effect bridging the vast psychological rift between the lost past and the present. The narrator′s travel in Mujin thus becomes a psychological journey, and Mujin becomes a psychological space where the narrator can experience the continuity of his own being. The "narrating I" excludes the principles of reality from his narrative, concentrating on the inner thoughts, recollections, psychological experience, and the level of consciousness of the "narrated I." This narrative attitude or style expresses the narrator-protagonist′s acceptance and affirmation of the thoughts and actions occur in Mujin (which he had till now been resistant to). It is also an affirmation of the narrative act itself. Before the travel back to Mujin, the narrator-protagonist′s thoughts about his home town was ambivalent-an attitude originating from nostalgia, together with the narrator-protagonist′s ambivalent attitude toward his youthful past. It is a reflection of the narrator-protagonist′s desire for purity intermingled with a disdain for his enervated existence in Seoul. This ambivalence is resolved by the "I" of the narrative present, and Mujin enables him to come to a renewed affirmation of his life.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2021

하마구치 류스케의 2018년 작 영화 <아사코>는 시바사키 도모카의 원작소설 『꿈속에서도 깨어나서도』(2010)의 서사를 영화언어로 각색하는 과정에서 원작의 특징인 '유사'와 '반복'의 대안적 내러티브와 수동적 주인공을 배제하지 않고 계승한다. 본 논문은 하마구치 류스케가 영화 <아사코>의 서사를 구성하는 데 있어 수행한 소설적 '말하기'에서 영화적 '보여주기'로 서사를 전환하는 과정과 이로 인해 발생한 원작과 영화의 차이점을 고찰한다. 또한 영화 <아사코>가 전통적인 영화 시나리오 이론이 오랜 시간 지양해온 수동적 주인공이란 장치를 규범적 시나리오 작법의 다른 장치를 적극적으로 활용하는 스토리텔링으로 극복할 수 있던 요인 및 반복 구조와 규범적 내러티브 구조를 동시에 차용하여 모던 시네마와 고전적 영화의 관객 모두를 사로잡은 스토리텔링 전략에 관한 분석을 수행하고자 한다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.907-930
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• 2010

Most previous studies on A Gesture Life focused on illuminating the role and significance of Kkutaeh, the Korean comfort woman, whom Hata runs across at a military camp in the Burmese jungle. For instance, Carroll Hamilton argues that the return of Kkutaeh as a traumatic subject disrupts Hata's nationalist narrative, causing the protagonist's eventual failure at national enfranchisement. However, this paper focuses on Hata's relationship with Bedley Run, the sleepy suburban white town, in which the protagonist settles down right after immigration to the US. The racial/racist nature of Bedley Run has not received due critical attention, although a few studies on the novel saw Hata's gestures as a survival tactic deployed against the hostile environment of his new host society. This paper, resorting to Pierre Macherey's thesis on symptomatic reading, exposes what Hata, the narrator/protagonist, hides from his readers concerning his status in his muchbeloved town; and it also explores the subversive significance of Hata's ethnic memories. The aim of this study is, after all, to map both the subversive possibilities and the limitations of Hata's immigrant narrative as a bildungsroman.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제25권
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• pp.453-482
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• 2011

Until now and in the studying of fantastic literature, there has been likely to regard the character as secondary element, compared to their actions. However, it has to be recognized that the characters is a barometer to divide the boundary among the marvellous literature, or fantasy, magic realism, etc., in particular it is an important narrative element to understand an epistemological vision of fantastic literature. This thesis analyzes the characters, focusing on two dimensions divided such as between protagonist/antagonist and protagonist narrator/editor narrator. The characters in fantastic literature are usually set-up as people like ourselves, because it is necessary for the readers to consider the supernatural phenomenon as real world situation. The reason why many characters in fantastic literature usually meet a tragic end is that the structure of fantastic literature embedded unresolved supernatural confusion into ordinary order in the end, while antagonists are viewed as holders of extraordinariness and they are far from vero-similarity. Together with usual characters who represent the world of logic and reason, antagonists who seek to understand more about the universe totally and thus regarded as symbols of intuition and imagination and ultimately are the elements of fantastic literature. On the other hand, the "first person narrator" is divided between "protagonist narrator" who narrates the supernatural things through his/her own experience to readers and "editor narrator" who narrates the other's experiences. Particularly in the case of "editor narrator", he/she may narrates the stories with different explication and angle, which lead to hesitation and confusion for readers to identify between reality and unreality or natural logic and supernatural one. Even though there are various categories in fantastic literature, this thesis exclude 'neo fantastic', 'metaphysical fantastic' ones, characterized as a possibility of convergence with the secondary interpretation and symbolic implication. Beyond these materials, the literatures which involved with this thesis and analysis are normally related with traditional fantastic literary works which supernatural events intervene in real world and bring out collision between real and unreal, or natural and supernatural logics. Based on this criteria, this thesis chooses literary works such as "De los Reyes Futuros", "El Perjurio de la Nieve" written by Adolfo Bioy Casares who is a representative author in Latin American fantastic literature.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-3
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• 2023

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2024

In this paper, focusing on Oscar Wilde's novel "The Picture of Dorian Gray," we explore the protagonist's lack of conscience and unethical attitude, emphasizing its relevance to our self-development and growth. The primary goal is to interpret the impact of Dorian Gray's actions and choices on personal development and growth, highlighting the importance of a specific mindset and attitude to the reader. It dissects how Wilde navigates the intricate layers of Dorian's character, exposing the ethical dilemmas and transformative moments that contribute to the profound changes within him. The examination sheds light on the depth and complexity of Dorian Gray's character, offering readers a nuanced understanding of the forces at play in his moral and psychological journey. Interpretation of Wilde's intent to impart lessons on the reader's personal growth and development through Dorian's story is undertaken. The discussion also explores the impact of Dorian's unethical attitude on contemporary readers and its influence on our daily lives and values.