• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.293-305
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• 2010

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a life-threatening iatrogenic complication of ovulation induction. Before ovarian stimulation, identification of patients vulnerable to developing OHSS is necessary. And ovarian stimulation should be started with low doses of gonadotropin or GnRH antagonist protocol. During monitoring of ovarian stimulation with risk of OHSS, coasting, low doses hCG and GnRH agonist for triggering ovulation are considered. If severe OHSS is predicted, cycle cancellation and cryopreservation of all embryos should be considered to reduce late-onset OHSS and morbidity. And metformin and dopamine agonist for reducing OHSS are being proposed as a prophylactic treatment for OHSS.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2004

Earlier studies have demonstrated that chromium (Cr) Ⅵ compounds have been shown to be more toxic and carcinogenic than other chromium compounds. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the antioxidant effects of red ginseng against chromium Ⅵ-induced toxicity and free radical generation. Sixty adult male rats were divided into six equal groups include: control group, group received Cr Ⅵ alone (50 mg/kg b.w.), group treated with Korean ginseng (K. ginseng) alone (20 mg/kg b.w), group treated with Cr Ⅵ for 15 days then received K. ginseng for other 15 days, group treated with Cr Ⅵ and K. ginseng at the same time for 15 days, and group treated with K. ginseng for 15 days then Cr Ⅵ for other 15 days. The results revealed that Cr Ⅵ caused significant increase in ALT, AST, ALP, G-GT, urea, creatinine, and acid phosphatase. Whereas, it caused significant decrease in TP, albumin, testosterone, GPX, and SOD indicating a stress for liver, kidney and testes. K. ginseng alone caused significant increase in GPX and SOD activities in healthy animals and this result suggests a prophylactic role for this herb in protection against the damaging impact induced by free radical species. Furthermore, the other biochemical parameters measured after K. ginseng administration were comparable to the control values. Treatment with Cr Ⅵ followed by K. ginseng, Cr Ⅵ and K. ginseng or K. ginseng followed by Cr Ⅵ resulted in significant improvement in all tested parameters towards the normal values of the controls. However, this improvement was pronounced in the group pre-treated with K. ginseng for 15 days before Cr Ⅵ administration. It could be concluded that K. ginseng exhibited a protective action against the toxic effects of Cr Ⅵ and it had the ability to scavenge free radicals resulted from Cr Ⅵ intoxication.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.159-166
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• 2003

In order to study the clinical usefulness of crude polysaccharides fractionated from Eleutherococcus senticosus, EN-3, in eliminating tumors, we have investigated the effect of combination therapy on the murine tumor metastasis and growth models. In experimental metastasis of colon26-M3.1 cells, prophylactic intravenous (i.v.) administration of EN-3 (0.5, 5, and 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mouse) inhibited tumor metastasis compared with tumor control group in 33.6, 66.8, and 81.8％ respectively. The administration of EN-3 (50 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mouse) also exhibited a 66.1％ therapeutic effect on lung tumor metastasis. Although EN-3 induced no toxic effect on both tumor cell and normal splenocyte in the concentration below 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mι in in vitro, it induced significant proliferating activity on normal splenocyte in the concentration-dependent manner. In an analysis of NK-cell activity, i.v. administration of EN-3 (4∼100 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mouse) significantly augmented NK cytotoxicity to YAC-1 tumor cells. The combination treatments of cisplatin (10 $\mu\textrm{g}$) and EN-3 (5 $\mu\textrm{g}$) induced synergistic effect on the inhibition of tumor metastasis in experimental tumor metastasis model produced by colon26-M3.1 cells. In addition, the combination treatments also exhibited prolongation of lifespan in S∼180 tumor bearing mouse for over the 60 days. Even though cisplatin (2.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mι) exhibited cytotoxicity to tumor cells and inhibited tumor growth over 95％ in in vitro, combination treatment with EN-3 (20 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mι) was induced splenocyte proliferation and produced cytokines, such as TNF-$\alpha$, IL-1 and IL-12, from the macrophages. These results suggested that EN-3 stimulate immune system non-specifically and apply to the biological response modifiers (BRM) in chemo-immunotherapy for tumor prevention.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.52-57
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• 2008

An intact male, 3-year old, Sapsari, weighing 29 kg with a history of respiratory distress, anorexia, abdominal distension, and depression for 1 day was referred. Radiographic findings included a C-shaped soft tissue mass in the mid-abdominal cavity and loss of serosal detail. Ultrasonographs showed splenomegaly with hypoechoic coarse parenchyma, loss of venous flow in the dilated splenic veins, and thrombi. Based on image findings, acute isolated splenic torsion was diagnosed. Splenectomy and prophylactic gastropexy was performed. Another case was a spayed female, 8-year old, Shih-tzu, weighing 3.7 kg with a history of intermittent abdominal pain and a palpable abdominal mass for 1 year. Radiographic findings showed splenomegaly characterized by a soft tissue round mass. Ultrasonographs revealed displaced splenic hilum and absence of venous flow in the dilated splenic vein. Chronic isolated splenic torsion was diagnosed and also splenectomy and gastropexy was performed. Two dogs were recovered normally after surgery without any complications. Acute form of isolated splenic torsion showed acute systemic clinical signs, severe C-shaped splenomegaly on radiographs, and loss of all of splenic venous flow, perivenous hyperechoic triangle sign, and thrombi on ultrasonographs. Chronic form of isolated splenic torsion showed chronic obscure clinical signs, moderate splenomegaly on radiographs, and partial loss of splenic venous flow on ultrasonographs.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.356-363
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• 2016

Human papillomavirus (HPV), a non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA tumor virus, is a primary etiological agent of cervical cancer development. As a potential tool for prophylactic vaccination, the development of virus-like particles (VLPs) containing the HPV16 L1 capsid protein is highly desired. In this study, we developed a high-level expression system of the HPV16 L1 in Escherichia coli for the purpose of VLP development. The native gene of HPV16 L1 has many rare codons that cause the early termination of translation and result in the production of truncated forms. First, we optimized the codon of the HPV16 L1 gene to the preferable codons of E. coli, and we succeeded in producing the full-size HPV16 L1 protein without early termination. Next, to find the best host for the production of HPV16 L1, we examined a total of eight E. coli strains, and E. coli BL21(DE3) with the highest yield among the strains was selected. With the selected host-vector system, we did a fed-batch cultivation in a lab-scale bioreactor. Two different feeding solutions (complex and defined feeding solutions) were examined and, when the complex feeding solution was used, a 6-fold higher production yield (4.6 g/l) was obtained compared with that with the defined feeding solution.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.217-223
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• 2011

Ischemic stroke constitutes about 80% of all stroke incidences. It is characterized by brain cell death in a region where cerebral arteries supplying blood are occluded. Under these ischemic conditions, apoptosis is responsible for the cell death, at least in part. Goat's-beard (Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus) is a perennial plant that grows naturally in the alpine regions of Korea. In the present study, we first determined whether water extract of goat's-beard (HY1646) and some of its fractions prepared by partitioning with organic solvents could improve the viability of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) cultured under hypoxic condition by blocking apoptotic pathways. Based on the in vitro findings, we subsequently investigated whether HY1646 and the ethyl acetate fraction (EA) selected from cell culture-based screening could attenuate brain injury in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of ischemia (2 hr), followed by 22 hours of reperfusion. The cell number was sustained close to that initially plated in the presence of HY1646 even after 24 hr of cell culture under hypoxic condition (3% $O_2$), at which time the cell number reached almost zero in the absence of HY1646. This improvement in cell viability was attributed to the delay in apoptosis, identified by the formation of DNA ladder in gel electrophoresis. Of fractions soluble in hexane, ethyl acetate (EA) and butanol, EA was chosen for the animal experiments because EA demonstrated the best cell viability at the lowest concentration (10 ${\mu}g$/mL). HY1646 (200 mg/kg) and EA (10 and 20 mg/kg) significantly reduced infarct size, an index of brain injury, by 16.6, 40.0 and 61.0%, respectively, as assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. The findings suggest that prophylactic intake of goat's beard might be beneficial for preventing ischemic stroke.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.425-437
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• 2004

Medicinal plants are of great importance in providing healthcare to a large portion of the population in Korea. A number of plants are described in Dong-Ui-Bo-Gam for use in the treatment of allergic disorders, namely psoriasis, eczema, bronchial asthma, etc. In this study, we evaluated the effect of AllerQ, which is multi-complexes of various plants extracts such like Mori folium, Scutellaria baicallensis, Glycyrrhiza uralnsis, Mentha sacharinensis and Poncirus trifoliata on compound 48/80 induced anaphylactic shock, ovalbumin induced asthma in vivo and anti-IgE antibody induced hypersensitivity in vitro. We found antianaphylactic or antiallergic properties of AllerQ when given orally. AllerQ for prophylactic treatment for anaphylactic shocks have produced good results. AllerQ may modulate various aspects of immune function and allergic inflammation. In the present study, we analyse the effects of AllerQ on mast cell degranulation, mortality, cAMP/cGMP, O₂, H₂O₂ level, cyokine production and on the elicitation of IgE-mediated mast cell-dependent allergic inflammation in vivo and in vitro. We have established that AllerQ inhibited histamine release, cAMP/cGMP, O₂, H₂O₂ level, IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) and IL-6 production without having any significant physical change. These effects have been observed in mast cell(in vitro) and serum(in vivo) derived from three different origins that were activated by either immunological or non-immunological stimuli. These results suggest that the antianaphylactic and antiasthma tic action of AllerQ may be associated with an increase in the intracellular inhibition of the cAMP phosphodiesterase. Furthermore, AllerQ identified as potent inhibitors on O₂, H₂O₂ and cytokine activity. these data suggest that AllerQ may have an inhibitory role in mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation, and thus might be considered as an useful functional food.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.226-237
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of prophylactic gingival grafting in the mandibular anterior labial area for preventing orthodontically induced gingival recession. Methods: Eight mongrel dogs received gingival graft surgery at the first (I1) and third (I3) mandibular incisors on both sides based on the following group allocation: AT group (autogenous connective tissue graft on I1), AT-control group (contralateral side in the AT group), CM group (xenogeneic cross-linked collagen matrix graft on I3) and CM-control group (contralateral side in the CM group). At 4 weeks after surgery, 6 incisors were splinted and proclined for 4 weeks, followed by 16 weeks of retention. At 24 weeks after surgery, casts were made and compared with those made before surgery, and radiographic and histomorphometric analyses were performed. Results: Despite the proclination of the incisal tip (by approximately 3 mm), labial gingival recession did not occur. The labial gingiva was thicker in the AT group (1.85±0.50 mm vs. 1.76±0.45 mm, P>0.05) and CM group (1.90±0.33 mm vs. 1.79±0.20 mm, P>0.05) than in their respective control groups. Conclusions: The level of the labial gingival margin did not change following labial proclination of incisors in dogs. Both the AT and CM groups showed enhanced gingival thickness.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.215-218
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• 2008

Tumor lysis syndrome is a life-threatening complication of anti-cancer therapy that typically occurs in patients with large, rapidly growing and treatment-sensitive tumors such as high-grade lymphomas and acute leukemias. However, its incidence in solid tumors has been known to be very low. Tumor lysis syndrome in solid tumors has a high mortality rate owing to the lack of prophylactic therapy to prevent this complication. We report a case of fatal tumor lysis syndrome developed during chemotherapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer, along with a brief review of the relevant literature considering the rarity of this manifestation in solid tumor.

• CELLMED
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.17.1-17.5
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• 2012

Ayurveda is a nearly 3000 years old traditional medical system of India. Most of the time, people turn to ayurvedic physicians in desperate conditions. Here clinical practices of Ayurveda were initially found effective in the management of migraine among few patients. Later, it was developed as an ayurvedic treatment protocol (ATP) which consists of four herbo-mineral formulations (HMF), three meals and three snacks in a day with eight hours sleep at night. ATP brought significant relief in reducing the frequency, intensity of pain and associated symptoms in the migraine patients. IHS diagnostic criteria was followed to establish the diagnosis of migraine and uniform ATP was prescribed to each patient who were primarily treated by the ayurvedic physicians at their respective clinics. Such observations were presented at appropriate international forums. In an effort to validate the above, the present study carries the details of nine migraine patients who were first diagnosed and treated for migraine by a leading headache expert at Mumbai in India and were then referred to receive ATP. A total number of nine subjects volunteered to this program. Out of those, seven subjects completed 120 days of ATP. Five subjects reported significant improvement in overall symptoms of migraine. All subjects were followed up periodically for four years. No Grade II side effects were observed in any treated case. HMF has also been proved to be safe in experimental studies. Further pharmacological and randomized controlled clinical studies are in progress at the respective departments of a premier medical institute in India.