• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2012

Along with global warming, ever intensifying weather events have increased damages to agricultural farms and facilities. The objective of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution and regional characteristics of agricultural damages by extreme weather events. Agricultural disaster statistics provided by the National Emergency Management Agency were summed over for a 13-year period from 1998 to 2010 and used for the spatial analysis. Two indices of damage area ration and property damage per unit area were introduced to quantify regional agricultural damages. As the results, farm inundation accounted for the largest area primarily damaged by typhoons with heavy rainfalls. Most property damages to farm lands originated from farm erosion in the alpine regions by localized guerrilla rains. The two major causes of damages to greenhouse and livestock facilities were typhoon with strong wind and winter blizzards. Gangwon was the province of the largest property loss mostly from farm land erosion losses, followed by Gyeongnam, Jeonnam, and Chungnam where losses to greenhouse and livestock facilities were relatively greater. Property loss per unit area was also the greatest for the Gangwon province (4.91 M\/ha), followed by Gyongnam and Chungnam of 2.20 and 1.50 M\/ha, respectively. Unit loss for greenhouse and livestock facilities was 13.3 M\/ha, approximately 13 times greater than that for farm land (1.06 M\/ha). The study findings indicated the importance of reducing highland farm erosion and reinforcing farming facilities structures for agricultural disaster management.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2009

This study provides the optimum papain treatment method and its effect on wool/polyester blend fabrics. The enzymatic treatment condition is optimized depending on its pH level, temperature, concentration of enzyme, treatment time and concentration of activators. The characteristics of samples treated with the papain are measured using weight loss, tensile strength, whiteness, WCA, dyeing property and surface micrographs. The results are described as follows: According to measuring weight loss, tensile strength and whiteness, a pH level of 7.5, $70^{\circ}C$, 10% papain(o.w.f.) and 60minutes of treatment time are optimized for papain treatment. L-cysteine and sodium sulfite are able to activate the papain. The optimum concentrations of them are 10mM and 50mM respectively. The WCA of fabrics is decreased since papain treatment makes wool/polyester blend fabrics more hydrophilic. Scouring with papain treatment improves whiteness and dyeing property of fabrics. The dyeing property of papain-treated fabrics is enhanced simply by a single step dyeing process using a basic dye. The surface of wool treated with papain in the presence of L-cysteine shows to be descaled. The surface of wool fibers in the presence of sodium sulfite, however, shows it is hydrolyzed evenly instead of being descaled. The surface of papain treated polyester fibers shows cracks and voids.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.245-251
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• 1989

In order to manifest the presence of Na-K pump and its property on the unfertilized egg membranes of mouse, membrane potential was recorded under the physiological condition (at $37^{\circ}C$ and 4mM $Ca^{2+}$). After an induction of superovulation, the fresh eggs with zona pellucida were collected from mouse oviduct. Transient hyperpolarization as pump action was recorded after the switch into the high potassium perfusate (15mM $K^+$) from K-free perfusate, and the difference between membrane potential observed just before the perfusion of high potassium solution and the maximal membrane potenlial during the perfusion of high potassium solution was regard as pump activities. The results observed were as follows, 1. Resting mombrane potential was depolarized under the treatment of $10^{-5}M$ ouabain. 2. Pump activities of the unfertilized mouse eggs were $-3.38{\pm}0.61mV$ ($Mean{\pm}SD$, n=6), recorded as transient hyperpolarization due to the electrogenic property. 3. Pump activities were blocked by both treatment of $10^{-5}M$ ouabain and perfusion of Nafree solution, while increased by high $Na^+$ (300mM) perfusion ($-7.45{\pm}0.75mV$, n =2). 4. Hyperpolarization due to pump activity was not altered by $Mn^{2+}$. 5. Above results confirm the presence of ouabain-sensitive Na-K pump, which affected the membrane potential directly, on the unfertilized egg membranes of mouse.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.126-131
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• 2001

Materials property data are necessary to secure the reliability of failure prevention techniques such as inspection and remaining life assessment of civil infrastructure and industrial facilities. However, there is no properly collected data in Korea, and those foreign data are hard to use because of the scattering of the sources, the difference of standards, etc. In this paper, materials property database system which has been constructed at Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science is introduced. Constructed database contains 145,000 numeric data of materials property for 600 kinds of metals and can be retrieved on the internet. The database system provides graphical user interface-based information searching functions necessary for the life evaluation and safety analysis.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.106-124
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• 2017

이 연구는 초 중등 발명 지식재산교육의 목표 및 교육과정에 대한 적정 편성 방안을 도출하기 위하여 전문가 대상으로 2차 델파이 조사를 실시하였다. 이를 통한 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 이 연구에서 제안한 학교급별 발명 지식재산교육의 핵심 목적은 타당한 것으로 나타났다. 핵심 목적은 초등학교가 '발명 인식과 태도 함양'(M=4.5), 중학교가 '발명 과정과 기법 이해'(M=4.2), 일반계고가 '발명 기법 적용 및 평가'(M=4.1), 특성화고가 '직무 발명 이해와 적용'(M=4.6)으로 나타났다. 학교급별 교육목적 및 목표도 타당한 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 이 연구에서 제안한 초 중등 발명 지식재산교육의 핵심 학습요소에 대한 적정 편성 방안은 선행문헌의 편성 실태와 대동소이하게 나타났으나, 학교급별 발명 지식재산교육의 목적 및 목표에 따른 각 학습요소의 편성 비중은 전반적인 개선이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 초등학교와 중학교의 경우 발명의 기본적인 학습요소(발명의 이해(A), 창의성 이해와 활동(B), 문제 인식과 활동(C), 문제해결과 활동(D), 발명 융합 지식(E), 발명 기법과 실제(F))에 집중하여 편성하고(73.2%, 65.1%), 고등학교는 초 중학교에서 집중했던 기본 학습요소의 비중을 낮추며(51.0%) 발명과 진로(H), 특허 출원(K) 등 발명과 연계되어 확장된 학습요소들의 비중을 높여 편성하는 것이 적정한 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 초 중등 발명 지식재산교육 체계는 학교급별 발명 지식재산교육의 목적 및 목표를 지향점으로 설정하고, 이를 달성하기 위해 핵심 학습요소는 계속성, 계열성, 통합성 등 타일러(Tyler)의 학습조직 원리에 근거하여 학교급별로 적정 편성 방안을 구축해야 한다. 특히 특성화고는 초 중학교뿐만 아니라 일반계고와의 차별화가 필요하며 직무 발명 이해와 적용을 위한 중등 단계 직업교육에서의 발명 지식재산교육체계 구축이 필요하다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2004

천해에서 측정한 선박 방사소음의 거리-주파수 영역 스펙트로그램에 나타나는 줄무늬 패턴 기울기의 부호 변화 원인에 대한 분석 결과를 수록하였다. 모드 이론에 근거한 수치 모델을 이용하여 해저면 음향 특성을 변화시켜 가며 모의한 줄무늬 패턴과 분산 특성을 분석한 결과는 측정 신호에 나타나는 줄무늬 패턴 기울기의 부호 변화가 해저면의 전단성, 보다 구체적으로는 두께가 약 3±1m 정도일 것으로 예상되는 퇴적층의 하부에 존재하는 기반암의 전단성에서 기인한 특징임을 보여주었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.87-98
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• 1995

When the crack in orthotropic material is propagating under dynamic model I load, influences of anisotropic property ratio $E_{L}$/ $E_{T}$ on stress and displacement around propagating crack tip are studied in this paper. When M<0.55 and .alpha.=90.deg.(.alpha.; the angle of fiber direction with crack propagating direction, M; crack propagation velocity/shear stress wave velocity), the influence of $E_{L}$/ $E_{T}$ on stress .sigma.$_{x}$, .sigma.$_{y}$, .tau.$_{xy}$ and .sigma.$_{\theta}$ is the greast on .sigma.$_{y}$. Except M<0.55 and .alpha.=90.deg., it is the greast on .sigma.$_{x}$ in any situation. Increasing $E_{L}$/ $E_{T}$, stress components are increased or decreased. When maximum stress is based, the stress .sigma.$_{x}$(.alpha.=90.deg.), .sigma.$_{y}$(.alpha.=0.deg.) and .tau.$_{xy}$ (.alpha.=90.deg.) are decreased with increment of $E_{L}$/ $E_{T}$ in M=0. any stresses except .sigma.$_{*}$x/(.alpha.=0.deg.) are decreased with increment of $E_{L}$/ $E_{T}$ in M=0.9. When .alpha.=90.deg., the influence of $E_{L}$/ $E_{T}$ on displacement U and V is V>U in any velocities of crack propagation, when .alpha.=0.deg., it is VU in M>0.75 and when $E_{L}$/ $E_{T}$ is increased, U and V are decreased in any conditions.sed in any conditions.tions.tions.tions.