• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국음향학회 1999년도 학술발표대회 논문집 제18권 2호
• /
• pp.325-328
• /
• 1999

The aim of this paper is to measure the duration of Japanese 'sokuon' [t/k] and 'haneron' [m/n] pronounced by Korean and Japanese. It is revealed in this study that gemination of the Japanese 'sokuon' in Korean pronunciation lasts 1.5 times longer than a single consonant, whereas it lasts 2 times longer in Japanese pronunciation. The difference between Korean and Japanese seems to show the difficulty of perceiving and learning a foreign rhythmic pattern non-existent in the leaner's language. The gemination of [s] phoneme lasts 2 times as long as a single consonant in both Korean and Japanese pronunciation. On average, the duration of Japanese 'sokuon' [t/k/s] is 1.7 times longer than a single consonant in Korean pronunciation, whereas 2 times longer in Japanese pronunciation. The pronunciation of Japanese 'haneruon' by either Korean or Japanese produces a similar result: 1) gemination lasts longer than a single consonant, 2) the duration of the single [m] is longer than that of the single [n]; 3) gemination of [n] is 3 times as long as a single [n], whereas gemination of [m] is 2 times as long as a single [m].

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한음성학회 1996년도 2월 학술대회지
• /
• pp.79-84
• /
• 1996

The two existing romanization systems in Korea, namely the recently promulgated Ministry of Education version sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences incorporating for the most part the McCune-Reischauer system and the Hangeul Haghoe or the Korean Language Society's version, must be judged as failures: He fennel for its disregard of Korean orthography and pronunciation, use of Latin-oriented pronunciation despite its assertion that English is the standard used, and the greatest weakness of all, its use of phonetic symbols neither found in regular typewriters, teleprinters, word processors and telex machines nor understood by laymen, sometimes not even by specialists. And the latter suffers from its undue emphasis on Korean orthography, Latin-oriented pronunciation being only partly capable of representing Korean pronunciation, among other shortcomings. Since the two existing romanization systems of Korean in South Korea, and romanization system of Japanese with Latin-oriented pronunciation are woefully inadequate, in today's world where English is used as if it were the international language almost all over the world, the present writer has invented a completely new system of romanizing Korean and Japanese by the so-called pseudo-phonetic method. This method employs the roman letters only and uses thorn in place of phonetic symbols as long as the letters thus applied are believed to have constant sound value. The English pronunciation is the standard used for this system.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.103-113
• /
• 2016

This paper aims to propose articulatory features as novel predictors for automatic pronunciation assessment of English produced by Korean learners. Based on the distinctive feature theory, where phonemes are represented as a set of articulatory/phonetic properties, we propose articulatory Goodness-Of-Pronunciation(aGOP) features in terms of the corresponding articulatory attributes, such as nasal, sonorant, anterior, etc. An English speech corpus spoken by Korean learners is used in the assessment modeling. In our system, learners' speech is forced aligned and recognized by using the acoustic and pronunciation models derived from the WSJ corpus (native North American speech) and the CMU pronouncing dictionary, respectively. In order to compute aGOP features, articulatory models are trained for the corresponding articulatory attributes. In addition to the proposed features, various features which are divided into four categories such as RATE, SEGMENT, SILENCE, and GOP are applied as a baseline. In order to enhance the assessment modeling performance and investigate the weights of the salient features, relevant features are extracted by using Best Subset Selection(BSS). The results show that the proposed model using aGOP features outperform the baseline. In addition, analysis of relevant features extracted by BSS reveals that the selected aGOP features represent the salient variations of Korean learners of English. The results are expected to be effective for automatic pronunciation error detection, as well.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
• /
• 제44호
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2002

Because the accuracy and the fluency are the essence in English speaking, both of them are very important in English trencher training and in-service English training programs. To get the accuracy and the fluency, the causes and the phenomena of the unnatural pronunciation have to be diagnosed. Consequently, the problematic and unnatural pronunciation of Korean elementary and secondary English teachers should be analyzed with using Acoustic Analyzing tools like CSL, Multi-speech and Praat. In addition, an attempt to Pinpoint what the causes of unnatural pronunciation was executed. Next a procedure and steps were proposed for in-service training programs that would cultivate the fluency and the accuracy. In case of elementary teachers, the unnatural pronunciation of segmental features and suprasegmental features were found much. therefore segmental features should be emphasized in the begging of pronunciation training courses and then suprasegmental features have to be emphasized. In case of secondary teachers, the unnatural pronunciation of suprasegmental features were found much. Therefore segmental and suprasegmental features have to be focused at the same time. In other words, features in word level should be focused first for elementary English teacher, and features in word level and beyond word level should be trained at the same time for secondary English teachers.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.248-252
• /
• 2004

실제 언어생활에 있어서 여러 다양한 경제적 문화적 사회적 환경에 따라 다른 어휘가 사용되고, 각각의 다양한 환경에서 새롭게 신조어가 추가되는 등 어휘의 양적인 변화가 일어난다. 이러한 역동적인 언어 현실을 자동 발음열 생성기에 반영하기 위하여, 본 논문은 추가된 텍스트로부터 예외발음사전을 구축하는 방법을 제안하고, 이러한 방법으로 구축된 예외발음사전을 이용한 자동 발음열 생성 시스템의 성능을 실험하였다. 본 시스템에 대하여 ETRI에서 출시된 음성인식용 텍스트 코퍼스 가운데 한 달 동안의 신문기사를 모은 53,750문장 (740,497 어절)을 이용하여 실험한 결과 100%의 성능을 얻었다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.316-324
• /
• 2020

It has experienced how difficult People with foreign language learning, it is to pronounce a new language different from the native language. The goal of various foreigners who want to learn Korean is to speak Korean as well as their native language to communicate smoothly. However, each native language's vocal habits also appear in Korean pronunciation, which prevents accurate information transmission. In this paper, the pronunciation of Chinese learners was compared with that of Korean. For comparison, the fundamental frequency and its variation of the speech signal were examined and the spectrogram was analyzed. The Formant frequencies known as the resonant frequency of the vocal tract were calculated. Based on these characteristics parameters, the classifier of the Supporting Vector Machine was found to classify the pronunciation of Koreans and the pronunciation of Chinese learners. In particular, the linguistic proposition was scientifically proved by examining the Korean pronunciation of /ㄹ/ that the Chinese people were not good at pronouncing.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.227-234
• /
• 2016

한자가 유입된 당시 한자의 원음도 함께 들어와서 현재 많은 한자들이 중국과 같은 한자에 같은 발음으로 사용하고 있으나 한국과 중국은 한자에 대한 발음이 서로 독립적으로 보존 및 변천되어 오늘날은 그 발음을 표기하는 방식이 서로 다르다. 본 연구는 중국 한자의 발음인 한어병음과 한국 한자발음을 구성하는 초성, 중성, 종성의 변화를 시스템으로 분석하여 중국어 발음과 대응되는 변환규칙을 생성함으로써 쉽게 중국어 발음을 학습할 수 있는 중국어규칙변환 교육시스템으로 설계 및 구현하였다. 본 연구는 중국어규칙변환 교육시스템을 웹으로 구현하였고, 앱등의 다양한 어플리케이션을 통하여 중국어를 학습하는데 도움이 되도록 하였다.

• 한국어교육
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.165-196
• /
• 2018

This study examined the language acquisition of children from Chinese families in Korea under the bilingual background of Korean and Chinese, focusing on pronunciation and vocabulary. First, in the analysis of pronunciation acquisition, children correctly realized the lenition, aspirated sound, glottalization, palatalization, nasalization, and liquidization while the realization of pronunciation rules for unfamiliar words was low. There were also errors caused when the application principles of pronunciation were not accurately understood or they were not partially acquired. Second, in the analysis of vocabulary acquisition, the acquisition of receptive vocabulary was in the order of verb, noun, and adjective while they clearly understood vocabulary used in the actual relationships with school, family, and peers. In the acquisition of productive vocabulary, they showed the 'meaning-centered principle' of learning the meaning of vocabulary first and then learning its form afterwards. The amount of study and exposure to Korean language had effects on the improvement of vocabulary. Even though this study focused on the errors and characteristics in the acquisition process of Korean pronunciation and vocabulary for children from Chinese families in Korea, it could not clearly find out which one would have greater effects on the acquisition of Korean language. However, lots of exchanges and experiences with surrounding environment and peer group had great effects on the language acquisition and language acquisition transfer of children.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.111-119
• /
• 2018

This paper proposes a method to improve speech recognition performance by extracting various pronunciations of the pseudo-morpheme unit from an eojeol unit corpus and generating a new recognition unit considering pronunciation variations. In the proposed method, we first align the pronunciation of the eojeol units and the pseudo-morpheme units, and then expand the pronunciation dictionary by extracting the new pronunciations of the pseudo-morpheme units at the pronunciation of the eojeol units. Then, we propose a new recognition unit that relies on pronunciation by tagging the obtained phoneme symbols according to the pseudo-morpheme units. The proposed units and their extended pronunciations are incorporated into the lexicon and language model of the speech recognizer. Experiments for performance evaluation are performed using the Korean speech recognizer with a trigram language model obtained by a 100 million pseudo-morpheme corpus and an acoustic model trained by a multi-genre broadcast speech data of 445 hours. The proposed method is shown to reduce the word error rate relatively by 13.8% in the news-genre evaluation data and by 4.5% in the total evaluation data.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 2020

This study examined thirty-one Korean students' pronunciation of an English passage using a speech recognition application, Speechnotes, and two Canadian raters' evaluations of their speech according to the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) band criteria to assess the possibility of using the application as a teaching aid for pronunciation education. The results showed that the grand average percentage of correctly recognized words was 77.7%. From the moderate recognition rate, the pronunciation level of the participants was construed as intermediate and higher. The recognition rate varied depending on the composition of the content words and the function words in each given sentence. Frequency counts of unrecognized words by group level and word type revealed the typical pronunciation problems of the participants, including fricatives and nasals. The IELTS bands chosen by the two native raters for the rainbow passage had a moderately high correlation with each other. A moderate correlation was reported between the number of correctly recognized content words and the raters' bands, while an almost a negligible correlation was found between the function words and the raters' bands. From these results, the author concludes that the speech recognition application could constitute a partial aid for diagnosing each individual's or the group's pronunciation problems, but further studies are still needed to match human raters.