• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.251-263
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• 2013

The surface ozone concentrations changes were investigated in response to climate change over the Korean peninsula for summertime using the global-regional one way coupled Integrated Climate and Air quality Modeling System (ICAMS). The future simulations were conducted under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A2 and B1 scenarios. The modeling system was applied for four 10-year simulations: 1996~2005 as a present-day case, 2016~2025, 2046~2055, and 2091~2100 as future cases. The results in this study showed that the mean surface ozone concentrations increased up to 0.5~3.3 ppb under the A2, but decreased by 0.1~10.9 ppb under the B1 for the future, respectively. However, its increases were lower than an increase of the average daily maximum 8-hour (DM8H) surface ozone concentrations which was projected to increase by 2.8~6.5 ppb under the A2. The DM8H surface ozone concentrations seem to be therefore far more affected by the climate and emissions changes than mean values. The probability of exceeding 60 ppb was projected to increase by 6~19% under the A2. In the case of B1, its changes were presented with an increase of 2.9% in the 2020s but no occurrence in the 2100s due to the effect of the reduced emissions. Future projection on surface ozone concentrations was generally shown to have almost the similar trend as the emissions of $NO_x$ and NMVOC.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.27-37
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• 2010

The effect of potential future climate change on the storage rate of paddy field during storm periods (June - September) was assessed using the daily paddy water balance model. The CCCma CGCM2 data by SRES (special report on emissions scenarios) A2 and B2 scenarios of the IPCC (intergovernmental panel on climate change) was used to assess the future potential climate change. The future weather data for the year 2020s, 2050s and 2080s was downscaled by Change Factor method through bias-correction using 30 years weather data. The future (2020s, 2050s and 2080s) rainfall, storage and irrigation of paddy field, runoff in paddy levee and ponding depth were analyzed for the A2 and B2 climate change scenarios based on a base year (2005). The future irrigation change of paddy field was projected to increase by decrease in rainfall. So, runoff change in paddy levee was decrease slightly, future storage change of paddy was projected to increase.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.278-287
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• 2015

The potential impact of aircraft emissions on the current and projected climate of our planet is one of the more important environmental issues facing the aviation industry. Increasing concern over the potential negative effects of greenhouse gas emissions has motivated the development of an aircraft emission estimation and prediction system as one of the ways to reduce aircraft emissions and mitigate the impact of aviation on climate. Hence, in this research, using Piano-X software which was developed by Lissys Co., fuel consumption and emissions for 3 types of aircraft were estimated for different design payloads with various flight distances and flight paths. Fuel burns for economy speed, long range cruise speed, maximum range speed were also investigated with various flight distances and altitudes.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.245-274
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• 2003

This paper analyzes the economic and environmental impacts of domestic policy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by focusing on carbon tax, domestic emissions trading and the mixture of these policies. By utilizing a dynamic CGE model, KORTEM, this study shows that the economic cost under carbon tax is projected to be higher than that under emission trading. It is because under carbon tax scheme each emitter in economy must meet its emission target regardless of the abatement cost. On the other hand, emission trading allows emitters to reduce the marginal cost of abatement through trading of emission permits. In designing policy portfolio to address the climate change problem in Korea, therefore, this paper proposes the introduction of domestic emission trading scheme as the main domestic policy Instrument.

• Atmosphere
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.85-97
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• 2015

This study is to investigate future changes in carbon cycle using the HadGEM2-Carbon Cycle simulations driven by $CO_2$ emissions. For experiment, global carbon budget is integrated from the two (8.5/2.6) representative concentration pathways (RCPs) for the period of 1860~2100 by Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model, version 2, Carbon Cycle (Had-GEM2-CC). From 1985 to 2005, total cumulative $CO_2$ amount of anthropogenic emission prescribed as 156 GtC. The amount matches to the observed estimates (CDIAC) over the same period (136 GtC). As $CO_2$ emissions into the atmosphere increase, the similar increasing tendency is found in the simulated atmospheric $CO_2$ concentration and temperature. Atmospheric $CO_2$ concentration in the simulation is projected to be 430 ppm for RCP 2.6 at the end of the twenty-first century and as high as 931 ppm for RCP 8.5. Simulated global mean temperature is expected to rise by $1.6^{\circ}C$ and $3.5^{\circ}C$ for RCP 2.6 and 8.5, respectively. Land and ocean carbon uptakes also increase in proportion to the $CO_2$ emissions of RCPs. The fractions of the amount of $CO_2$ stored in atmosphere, land, and ocean are different in RCP 8.5 and 2.6. Further study is needed for reducing the simulation uncertainty based on multiple model simulations.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.275-284
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• 2016

The potential impact of aircraft emissions on the current and projected climate of our planet is one of the more important environmental issues facing the aviation industry. Increasing concern over the potential negative effects of greenhouse gas emissions has motivated aircraft emission estimation and prediction as one of the ways to reduce aircraft emissions and mitigate the impact of aviation on climate. We obtained airline flight schedules for all the airports in Korea that are included in OAG data. Fuel burn and emission index of LTO flight which contains take off, climb and approach under 3000ft and Non LTO flight which contains climb, cruise and descent over 3000ft for all the airports in Korea in 2005 were estimated and analysed for each condition using AEIC software which has been developed by MIT Lab for Aviation and Environment.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.47-57
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• 2014

This study was conducted to predict greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from paddy by future climate change scenario in Korea. Chuncheon city in Kangwon province were selected as study area. A1B Special Report on Emission Scenario (SRES) of the IPCC (Intergovernmental panel on climate change) was used to assess the future potential climate change. The rainfall and temperature was projected to increase by 8.4 % and 1.9 % (2040s), 35.9 % and 27.0 % (2060s), 19.2 % and 30.8 % (2090s), respectively, compare to the 2010s value. Under the climate change, Denitrification-Decomposition (DNDC) predicted an increase in $N_2O$, $CO_2$ and $CH_4$ emissions from paddy. The simulations resulted in annual net emissions of 0.4~2.4, 500.5~734.5 and 29.4~160.4 kg/ha/year of $N_2O-N$, $CH_4-C$ and $CO_2-C$, respectively, with a cumulated global warming potential (GWP) of $14.5{\sim}21.7t{\cdot}CO_2/ha/year$ were affected by rainfall, temperature, manure amendment and fertilizer amount. The simulation results suggested that implementation of manure amendment or reduction of water consumption instead of increased fertilizer application rates would more efficiently mitigate GHG emissions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.138-142
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• 2005

The change of precipitation and temperature due to the global. warming eventually caused the variation of water availability in terms of potential evapotranspiration, soil moisture, and runoff. In this reason national long-term water resource planning should be considered the effect of climate change. Study of AOGCM-based scenario to proposed the plausible future states of the climate system has become increasingly important for hydrological impact assessment. Future climate changes over East Asia are projected from the coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) simulations based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A2 and B2 scenarios using multi-model ensembles (MMEs) method (Min et al. 2004). MME method is used to reduce the uncertainty of individual models. However, the uncertainty increases are larger over the small area than the large area. It is demonstrated that the temperature increases is larger over continental area than oceanic area in the 21st century.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.911-917
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• 2007

Global primary energy demand is projected to increase by 1.7% per year from 2000 to 2030. Almost three-quaters of the increase in demand will come from the transportation sector. Fuel cell hybrid vehicle technology has the potential to significantly reduce energy and harmful emissions, as well as our dependence on foreign oil. In this paper, a systematic and logical methodology is developed and improved mainly to design light duty fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle. We investigated structure and characteristics of light duty FC hybrid vehicle carefully. It can easily be expanded to analyze vehicle-to-grid power connectable plug-in NeHEV. A fuel cell hybrid neighbourhood electric vehicle configuration has been studied in-depth utilizing the proposed methodology.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.547-567
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• 2001

This paper analyzed what kind of institutional scheme for domestic policy instruments to reduce GHG emissions are desirable for Korea in complying with the international efforts to mitigate climate change, by focusing on independent abatement(equivalent to the imposition of carbon tax) and domestic emission trading. It also examined the economic and environmental implications of recycling the government revenue created from implementation of those policies. By utilizing a dynamic CGE model, this study shows that the economic cost under independent abatement is projected to be higher than that under emission trading. It is because under independent abatement scheme each emitter in economy must meet its emission target regardless of the abatement cost. On the other hand, emission trading allows emitters to reduce the marginal cost of abatement through trading of emission permits. In designing future domestic policies and measure to address the climate change problem in Korea, therefore, this study proposes the introduction of domestic emission trading scheme as the main domestic policy instrument for GHG emission abatement. In terms of double dividend, in addition, this study shows that both independent abatement and emission trading schemes under various assumption on the revenue recycling may not generate the double dividend in Korea.