• Title/Summary/Keyword: projected area

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Projecting Climate Change Impact on the Potential Distribution of Endemic Plants (Megaleranthis saniculifolia) in Korea (기후변화에 따른 우리나라 특산식물의 잠재적 분포적지 변화 예측 - 모데미풀을 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Sang-Hyuk;Jung, Huicheul;Choi, Jaeyong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.75-84
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    • 2012
  • The importance of the genetic value of native plants has been raised recently after the adoption of Nagoya Protocol. In this stream, this research focused on the future distribution of Megaleranthis saniculifolia which has been evolved and adapted to Korean natural environment and classified as an endemic endangered species by IUCN. The distribution of the species in future are projected based on 'present potential distribution area' by adopting SRES (Special Report on Emission Scenarios) A1B climate change scenario using 6 types of GCM (General Circulation Model). The major results of the research are as follows : habitats of Megaleranthis saniculifolia. (1) will be reduced by 44% nation wide; (2) in Chungcheongngnam Do and Jeollanam Do will be the most affected; and (3) in high altitude in Chungcheongbuk Do, Gyunggi Do and Gangwon Do will be relatively less affected.

Biomimetically Engineered Polymeric Surfaces for Micro-scale Tribology

  • Singh R. Arvind;Kim Hong-Joon;Kong Ho-Sung;Yoon Eui-Sung
    • KSTLE International Journal
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.14-17
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    • 2006
  • In this paper, we report on the replication of surface topography of natural leaf of Lotus onto thin polymeric films using a capillarity-directed soft lithographic technique. PDMS molds were used to replicate the surface. The replication was carried out on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) film coated on silicon wafer. The patterns so obtained were investigated for their friction properties at micro-scale using a ball-on-flat type micro-tribo tester, under reciprocating motion. Soda lime balls (1 mm diameter) were used as counterface sliders. Friction tests were conducted at a constant applied normal load of $3000{\mu}N$ and speed of 1mm/s. All experiments were conducted at ambient temperature ($24{\pm}1^{\circ}C$) and relative humidity ($45{\pm}5%$). Results showed that the patterned samples exhibited superior tribological properties when compared to the silicon wafer and non patterned sample (PMMA thin film). The reduced real area of contact projected by the surfaces was the main reason for their enhanced friction property.

Analytical and Numerical Study on Mechanical Behavior of Unit Cell of Pyramidal Truss Core Structures (피라미드 트러스 코어 단위셀의 기계적 특성에 관한 해석적 및 수치적 연구)

  • Kim, Sang-Woo;Lee, Young-Seon;Kang, Beom-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.623-631
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    • 2011
  • Metallic sandwich panels based on a truss core structure have been developed for a wide range of potential applications with their lightweight and multi-functionality. Structural performance of sandwich panels can be predicted from the studies on mechanical behavior of a unit cell of truss core structures. Analytical investigations on the unit cell provide approximated guidelines for the design of overall core structures for a specific application in short time. In this study, the effects of geometrical parameters on mechanical behavior of a pyramidal shape of unit cell were investigated with analytical models. The unit cell with truss member angle of 45 degree was considered as reference model and other models were designed to have the same weight and projected area but different truss member angle. All truss members were assumed to be connected with pin joint in analytical models. Under the assumptions, the equivalent strength and stiffness of the unit cell under compressive and shear loads were predicted and compared. And finally, the optimum core member angle to have maximum mechanical property could be calculated and verified with FE analysis results.

Thermal Analysis on the Engineering Model of Command and Telemetry Unit for a Geostationary Communications Satellite (정지궤도 통신위성의 원격측정명령처리기 기술모델 열해석)

  • Kim, Jung-Hoon;Koo, Ja-Chun
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.32 no.9
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    • pp.114-121
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    • 2004
  • Thermal design changes and analysis on the engineering model of Command Telemetry Unit(CTU) for a geostationary communications satellite arc performed for the purpose of developing an engineering qualification model. A thermal model is developed by using power consumption measurement values of each functional board and thermal cycling test results. In modeling heat dissipated EEE parts, heat dissipation is imposed evenly on the EEE part footprint area which is projected to the printed circuit board. All the EEE parts of CTU meet the requirement of their allowable temperature range when placed on the engineering qualification level of thermal vacuum environments in accordance with the proposed thermal design changes.

Image Making As a Planning/Design Principle: A Case Study of Andong Municipal Museum Complex (AMMC)

  • Lee, Do Young
    • Architectural research
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.21-27
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    • 2001
  • This study addressing the underlying strategies for Andong municipal museum complex development is in timely view that Andong has obtained a worldwide reputation as a treasury of traditional Korean Confucian culture. Thus far, there has been a tendency that various local museums are proposed to meet architectural aspirations architects and users commonly hold. Overall, though, the major role they play in making overall city image has not been considered in a systematic manner. Based on Lee's (2001) two previous studies, this study summarized the utility of cognitive distance and cognitive map concepts, which are proposed by Kevin Lunch (1976) to evaluate city image, in planning Andong municipal museum complex (AMMC). Sample is stratified into city residents and outsiders, and also into the general public and design-related professionals to see if there is any group difference in constructing their mental image. Three major findings are obtained. First, familiarity, so-called the degree of knowing, is the function of the length of stay in a designated area. That is, the longer people stay in Andong, the more likely they are familiar with its overall environmental aspects. Second, mental proximity of Andong municipal museum complex relative to existing cultural landmarks is closely related to the degree of how people value those landmarks in terms of their significance. Dosan Seowon and Hahoe folk village are most highly valued, which means higher proximity. Third, functional diversity turned out to be the most important design dimension, while display mechanism are least valued. Cognitive simulations of this sort are meaningful in that projected composite image might be a rough first approximation of true public image.

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Relative Dose Distribution in the Biological Irradiation Facility at TRIGE Mark-III Reactor

  • Kim, Byung-Sung;Ha, Chung-Woo;Lee, Chang-Kun
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.277-284
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    • 1975
  • A result of measurement for the relative dose distribution of neutron gamma mixed radiation field in the biological irradiation facility installed at TRIGA Mark-III reactor is described. The relative dose distributions of neutron-gamma mixed radiation field in the biological exposure room have been experimentally determined using a thermoluminescent dosimeter. Presented herein in graphical forms are the experimental results obtained. It as observed that the region commonly having the characteristics of rather homogeneous horizontal and lateral dose distributions is confined to the area bounded by the two planes horizontally parallel to the beam direction with heights of about 40 cm and 130 cm, respectively, at distances beyond 100 cm from the segmentary surface of the aluminum pool liner projected into the the exposure room, while other areas show a steeper gradient in dosage, especially the places adjacent to the segment of the aluminum pool liner and near the inner po${\gamma}$lion of the concrete walls of the exposure room.

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Depth Measurement System Using Structured Light, Rotational Plane Mirror and Mono-Camera (선형 레이저와 회전 평면경 및 단일 카메라를 이용한 거리측정 시스템)

  • Yoon Chang-Bae;Kim Hyong-Suk;Lin Chun-Shin;Son Hong-Rak;Lee Hye-Jeong
    • Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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    • v.11 no.5
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    • pp.406-410
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    • 2005
  • A depth measurement system that consists of a single camera, a laser light source and a rotating mirror is investigated. The camera and the light source are fixed, facing the rotating mirror. The laser light is reflected by the mirror and projected to the scene objects whose locations are to be determined. The camera detects the laser light location on object surfaces through the same mirror. The scan over the area to be measured is done by mirror rotation. Advantages are 1) the image of the light stripe remains sharp while that of the background becomes blurred because of the mirror rotation and 2) the only rotating part of this system is the mirror but the mirror angle is not involved in depth computation. This minimizes the imprecision caused by a possible inaccurate angle measurement. The detail arrangement and experimental results are reported.

Detection of thin-layered soil using CRPT in soft soil (CRPT를 이용한 연약지반 협재층 탐지)

  • Yoon, Hyung-Koo;Kim, Joon-Han;Kim, Rae-Hyun;Choi, Yong-Kyu;Lee, Jong-Sub
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.117-125
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    • 2008
  • The detection of thin-layered soil is important in soft soils to evaluate the soil behavior. The smaller diameter cone penetrometer have been commonly used to detect the layer with increasing sensitivity. The objective of this study is to detect the thin-layered soil using cone resistance and electrical resistance. The cone resistivity penetration test (CRPT) is developed to evaluate the cone tip resistance and electrical resistance at the tip. The CRPT is a micro-cone which has a $0.78cm^2$ in projected area. The application test is conducted in a laboratory large-scale consolidometer (calibration chamber). The kaolinite, sand and water are mixed to make the specimen at the liquid limit of 46% using a slurry mixer. It takes two months for the consolidation of the specimen. After consolidation, the CRPT test is carried out. Furthermore the standard CPT results are compared with the electrical resistance measured at the tip in the field. This study suggests that the CRPT may be a useful tool for detecting thin-layers in soft soils.

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The Influence of the Ratio of Greenery on the Visual Preference in interior Landscape (실내조경에 있어서 식물의 시각량이 시각선호에 미치는 영향)

  • 이남현;방광자
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.13-24
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this study is to suggest optimum level of the Ratio of Greenery within the frame of vision in the interior landscape design through the analysis of visual character and preference of the interior landscape. The concept of the RG was defined as the ratio of projected area of plants higher than 1.2M against background wall from eye level. 5 photography of Interior landscape space -- 10,20,30,40 and 50% of the RG-- were constructed by computer graphic techinques. Likert scale and semantic differential scale were used to analyse visual character and preference of the interior landscape space. The analysis results are as follows : 1. Factors that compose of the image of the interior landscape have been found to be the "evaluation ", "complexity". The mean value of semantic differential scale showed a significant difference according to RG. When the RG was 20~30%, "Harmony" and "stability" was strongly recognized than the other factors and the interior landscape made the interior space natural and intimate. But at the RG 40!50%, users felt "stuffy" and "too complex" by many plants, so it was not efficient the Interior Landscape. 2. The visual preference was significantly different according to RG. The mean value of the visual preference was increased as the RG was higher, it was the highest at the RG 30%. But over the RG 30%, the preference level was declined. 3. Based on these results, this study suggests that the optimum level of RG in the Interior Landscape is 30%.at the optimum level of RG in the Interior Landscape is 30%.

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3D Depth Measurement System-based Nonliniar Trail Recognition for Mobile Robots (3 차원 거리 측정 장치 기반 이동로봇용 비선형 도로 인식)

  • Kim, Jong-Man;Kim, Won-Sop;Shin, Dong-Yong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2007.06a
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    • pp.517-518
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    • 2007
  • A method to recognize unpaved road region using a 3D depth measurement system is proposed for mobile robots. For autonomous maneuvering of mobile robots, recognition of obstacles or recognition of road region is the essential task. In this paper, the 3D depth measurement system which is composed of a rotating mirror, a line laser and mono-camera is employed to detect depth, where the laser light is reflected by the mirror and projected to the scene objects whose locations are to be determined. The obtained depth information is converted into an image. Such depth images of the road region represent even and plane while that of off-road region is irregular or textured. Therefore, the problem falls into a texture identification problem. Road region is detected employing a simple spatial differentiation technique to detect the plain textured area. Identification results of the diverse situation of Nonlinear trail are included in this paper.

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