• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2011

Previous researches have focused on the efficiency of project execution and the satisfaction of internal customers In view of the fact that a project is successful if any defects are not found in the short-term performance test of the project final outcome. To execute a project that both internal customer and external customer are satisfied in terms of longer-term benefit perspective, the project claim costs (PCC) which may occur for the warranty period of the project final outcome should be considered. We propose a model included PCC to the linear programming between time and cost to expedite a project and perform the validity test by applying the model to an example project. This model and related procedure will contribute to overall project activities' cost reduction by taking preventive actions for PCC.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

Project cost is an important concern in any construction project. Although there has been a lot of studies on factors affecting the cost of construction projects, there seems no consensus as what cost factors have direct influence on the cost of civil engineering projects. This study therefore aims to bridge the current knowledge gap by examining quantity surveyors' perception of the factor structure among nineteen costing attributes identified based on literature review. Questionnaire was used to elicit responses from quantity surveyors working in the Hong Kong construction industry. Principal component analysis is conducted to extract the factor structure of the cost attributes and the attributes are grouped into three factor components, namely the contract management factor, the project management factor and the monetary value factor. Understanding these cost impact factors could be crucial in managing civil engineering projects, since it allows the project stakeholders and quantity surveyors to take precautionary steps to identify the cost management problems and areas for improvement and could even help to avoid cost deviations in engineering projects.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 2th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.711-720
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• 2007

Apartment housing in the Korean domestic construction industry has had various and high-quality finishing work since the enforcement of price deregulation in 1998. Before the enforcement of price deregulation, feasibility studies of housing projects have not had particular difficulties as uniform description of finishing work items were reflected and finishing work cost also was equalized. However, the recent distinction of finishing work based on the same floor plan brings about project cost variation, along with many effects on construction management due to project cost increment. Accordingly, this paper suggests the improved plan of cost management to control the feasibility study result consistently during the life cycle of a project through an analysis based on cost management phase due to cost blackout, appearing at the commencement of a project, cost gradation caused by high-quality finishing work item, and cost reduction due to the degradation of finishing work after analysis of current apartment construction process focused on finishing work using the IDEF process analysis technique.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2016

Many organizations have transformed their business in order to survive and compete in the future. They generate projects by creating a vision, using strategies and objectives with funds aligning strategies and make efforts to complete them successfully because project success leads to business success. All projects have triple constraints such as scope, time, and cost to be completed. Project cost performance is a key factor to achieve project goals and which is mostly related with risks among various cost drivers. Projects require a cost estimation method to complete them within their budget and on time. An accurate budget cannot be estimated due to the uncertainties and risks. Thus some additional money should be funded in addition to the base budget as a contingency reserve for identified risks and a management reserve for unidentified risks. While research on contingency reserve for identified risks included in project budget baseline have been presented, research on management reserve for unidentified risks included in total project budget is still scarce. The lack of research on estimation method and role of the management reserve have made project managers little confidence to estimate project budget accurately with reasonable basis. This study proposes a practical model to estimate budgets including contingency and management reserves for not only project cost management but also to keep the balance of organization's total funds to maximize return on investments for project portfolio management. The advantages of the proposed model are demonstrated by its application to construction projects in Korea and the processes to apply this model for verification are also provided.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.159-176
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• 1996

This study is aimed at reviewing the methods of joint cost allocation and allocating the joint cost of estuary dam with specially repect to Kumgang Large-scale Agricultural Comprehensive Development Project. Apart from the water resource development project propelled by Water Resource Development Corporation in connection with Law of Multipurpose Dam Development, the Largescale Comprehensive Agricultural Development Projects couldn't ins-titutionally be carried out cost allocation of common facilities, even though it were concerned with irrigation, municipal and industrical water supply, flood control, sightseeing and industrial zone development components. To decrease farmer's burden of the project costs and, operation and maintenance costs, the joint costs of common facilities like estuary dam included in agricultural development projects have to be allocated by suitable method as alternative cost-remaining benefit method and the analytical activity should be supported by revising the concerned laws as Rural Development and Promotion and, Rural Rearrangement conpatible with the law for multipurpose dam development. Kumgang Agricultural Comprehensive Development Project was selected as a case study for the estimation of socio-economic benefits by project components and joint cost allocation of the estuary dam. The main results of the study are as follows; Joint cost allocation and unit charges by components 1. The project area will be 25,554ha with total project cost of 624,860 million won including the estuary dam cost of 120,843 million won. The project costs were ex-pressed by 1994 constant price. 2. Total quantity of water was estimated 365 million tons which were consisted of 245 million tons for irrigation, 73 million tons for municipal water and 47 million tons for industrial water. 3. The rates of joint cost allocation were amounted to 34.2% for agriculture, 2.5% for sightseeing, 45.7% for transportation, 11.8% for M & I water supply and 5.8% for flood control respectively. 4. The unit financial charges by project components were estimated at 7.88 won per ton for irrigation, 16.11won for M & I water, 1,686won per vehicle one pass, 977won per Pyeong according to the capital recovery method. The financial charges using straitline method for depreciation were estimated at 7.88won per ton for irrigation, 9.12won per ton for M & I water, 624won per vehicle one pass for transportation and 331won per Pyeong for sightseeing area. 5. The unit economic charges by project components were estimated at 21.1 won per ton for irrigation, 15.2won for M & I water, 977won per vehicle one pass, 977won per Pyeong according to the capital recovery method. The economic charges using straitline method for depreciation were estimated at 11.72won per ton for irrigation, 8.61won per ton for M & I water, 331won per vehicle one pass for transportation. Policy recommendation 1. The unit operation and maintenance costs for irrigation water in the paddy field couldn't be imposed as the water resource cost untreated. 2. The dam costs including investment cost and O & M cost, as a joint cost, had to be allocated by each benefited components as transportation, M & I water supply, flood control, irrigation and drainage, and sightseeing. But the agricultural comprehensive project have been dealt as an irrigation project without any appraisal socio-economic benefits and any allocating the joint cost of estuary dam. 3. All the associated project benefits and costs must be evaluated based on accounting principle and rent recovery rate of the project costs and O & M costs should be regulated by the laws concerned. 4. The rural development and promotion law and rural rearrangement law have to be revised comprising joint cost allocation considering free rider problems. 5. The government subsidy for the agricultural base development project has to be covered all the project costs. In case of common facilities representing joint cost allocation problems, all the allocated casts for other purposes like transportation and M & I water supply etc. should be recovered for formation in investment fund for agricultural base development and to procure O & M costs for irrigation facilities.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.649-657
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• 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has unprecedented impacts on different sectors around the globe. The effects observed in developing countries are even more severe. Some projects stopped while many have cost and time overrun issues. This paper conducted a case study on the COVID-19's effects on a hotel construction project in Nepal. The study reviewed the literature on COVID-19 and its impact on construction sectors and conducted a semi-structured interview with the project's personnel. The interview response was analysed and the contributing factors that impacted the project and its performance were identified. The paper found financial, operational, contractual, safety, and risk management issues in the hotel project. Overall, the project cost increased by 32% where the material cost increased by 35% and labor cost increased by 28%. This research discusses causes, measures, and provides a broad perspective of the problems, significant challenges, and opportunities associated with the effects of COVID-19 on the construction industry. The Owner as well as the Contractors incurred added costs because of COVID-19. The paper identified contributing factors and presented the challenges which could be used as opportunities to minimize unforeseen impacts of the pandemics in near future. The lesson learned from this case study was that the labor cost and materials cost could have been minimized if the Owner and the Contractor had established alternative resources such as using locally available labor, materials, and alternative suppliers.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.243-251
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• 2013

Cash management is a major concern for all contractors in the construction industry. It is arguable that cash is the most critical resource of all. A contractor needs to secure sufficient funds to navigate the project to the end, while keeping an eye on maximizing profits along the way. Past research attempted to address such topic via developing models to tackle the time-cost tradeoff problem, cash flow forecasting, and cash flow management. Yet, little was done to integrate the three aspects of cash management together. This paper, as such, presents a comprehensive model that integrates the time-cost tradeoff problem, cash flow management, and cash flow forecasting. First, the model determines the project optimal completion time by considering the different alternative construction methods available for executing project activities. Second, it investigates different funding alternatives and proposes a project-level cash management plan. Two funding alternatives are considered; they are borrowing and company own financing. The model was built as a combinatorial optimization model that utilizes ant colony search capabilities. The model also utilizes Microsoft Project software and spreadsheets to maintain an environment that incorporates activities, their durations, and other project data, in order to estimate project completion time and cost. Ant Colony Optimization algorithm was coded as a Macro program using VBA. Finally, an example project was used to test the developed model, where it acted reliably in maximizing the contractor's profit in the test project.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.1707-1718
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• 2013

실적공사비 제도는 2004년부터 도입된 제도로서, 과거의 유사 공사의 계약단가를 토대로 공종별 단가를 파악하여 예정가격을 결정하는 방식이다. 이러한 실적공사비 단가는 매년 2회 한국건설기술연구원에서 발표하고 있다. 소규모 공사의 공사비 단가는 작업단위당 생산비용 증가, 장비 및 노무비 등 상승으로 인해 대규모 공사보다 높을 수밖에 없는 것이 건설공사의 특성이다. 그러나 실적공사비 단가가 공사의 규모와 무관하게 일률적으로 적용되고 있어 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 실적공사비 제도의 문제점을 파악하기 위해서 대 소규모 토목공사의 실적공사비를 비교 분석하였으며, 소규모 토목공사의 실적공사비가 대규모 토목공사에 비해 21.8% 높은 결과가 도출되었다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2010

2008년 Global 금융위기로 국내경기가 침체국면에 진입함에 따라 정부는 국내경기 활성화를 유도하기 위해 SOC예산을 증액하고 조기집행하고 있다. 정부에서는 재정투자사업에 대한 예산증액을 예방하기 위한 목적으로 총사업비관리지침을 1994년 제정하였고 후속적으로 관련제도를 보완 정비하면서 SOC건설사업의 사업비를 관리하고 있다. 이러한 정부의 사업비 증가방지에 대한 의도와는 달리 실제 시행되고 있는 SOC사업에서 총사업비가 대폭 증가하는 사례가 나타나고 있으며, 사업추진과 연관된 정부기관 및 연구기관에서는 총사업비 관리방안에 대한 보완 및 개선의 필요성을 주장하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 SOC사업의 총사업비 관리체계에 대한 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 현행 SOC사업의 총사업비 관리현황을 고찰하여 As-Is Model을 정리하고, 해외 건설선진국에서 시행하고 있는 건설사업 사업비 관리현황을 통해 국내와의 차이점 파악하였으며, 국내 기존 총사업비 현황고찰자료 분석 및 해외 총사업비 관리현황과의 비교를 통해 국내 SOC건설사업의 총사업비 관리와 관련된 문제점을 도출하고, 제기된 문제점을 개선할 수 있는 총사업비 관리방안을 제시 하였다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1570-1575
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• 2009

The purpose of this research is to propose the conceptual model of Scenario-based Project Planning Expert System which has not been used in domestic LNG plant industry. This research examines data on the plant project planning expert system of domestic and oversea, analyzes the components of project planning expert systems and benchmark excellent cases. The conceptual model of LNG plant project planning expert system is established through the procedure as has been noted above. The results of this research are as follows: First, this research draws out such components of LNG plant project planning expert system as feasibility, cost control, contract management and risk management. Second, this research proposes the conceptual model of LNG plant project planning expert system which core module is consist of feasibility evaluation, life cycle cost evaluation and decision making. Finally, each module of LNG plant project planning expert system would be integrated into the Scenario-based Project Planning Expert System.