• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2006

Gradient vector flow(GVF) snake 또는 active contour 모델은 영상 분할에서 훌륭한 성능을 보여준다. 그러나 기존의 snake 모델에는 제한된 캡쳐 영역과 요면으로의 느린 진행과 같은 문제점들이 존재한다. 본 논문은 주변의 필드로부터 외부장(external force field)을 확장시키고 변형된 평탄화기법을 이용하여 확장된 필드를 정규화 함으로서 GVF snake 모델의 성능을 개선시키는 새로운 방법을 제시한다. 시뮬레이션을 위해 사용된 U자 모양 이미지에서의 결과는 제안된 방법이 좀 더 큰 캡쳐 영역을 갖고 기존의 GVF snake 모델에 비하여 요면으로 빠르게 진행하는 것이 가능함을 보여준다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1996년도 Proceedings of the Korea Automatic Control Conference, 11th (KACC); Pohang, Korea; 24-26 Oct. 1996
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• pp.18-18
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• 1996

This paper reviews some of the most prominent and promising areas of chemical process control both in relations to batch and continuous processes. These areas include the modeling, optimization, control and monitoring of chemical processes and entire plants. Most of these areas explicitly utilize a model of the process. For this purpose the types of models used are examined in some detail. These types of models are categorized in knowledge-driven and datadriven classes. In the areas of modeling and optimization, attention is paid to batch reactors using the Tendency Modeling approach. These Tendency models consist of data- and knowledge-driven components and are often called Gray or Hybrid models. In the case of continuous processes, emphasis is placed in the closed-loop identification of a state space model and their use in Model Predictive Control nonlinear processes, such as the Fluidized Catalytic Cracking process. The effective monitoring of multivariate process is examined through the use of statistical charts obtained by the use of Principal Component Analysis (PMC). Static and dynamic charts account for the cross and auto-correlation of the substantial number of variables measured on-line. Centralized and de-centralized chart also aim in isolating the source of process disturbances so that they can be eliminated. Even though significant progress has been made during the last decade, the challenges for the next ten years are substantial. Present progress is strongly influenced by the economical benefits industry is deriving from the use of these advanced techniques. Future progress will be further catalyzed from the harmonious collaboration of University and Industrial researchers.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.211-217
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine UK students' use of multimodal representations in science. Students were asked to explain their understandings of the scientific concept and presentation of the multimodal representations in a science Assessing Pupils' Progress (APP) task. Participants of this study were fifty-four Year 7 students taught by the same teacher. Students from one class (27 students) were assigned to the experimental group, and then they received instruction encouraging the using of multimodal representations as evidences to support students' claims. One class (27 students) was assigned to the control group and they received instruction with traditional teaching methods. Both groups performed an APP task for assessment. The samples of APP assessments produced by students both from the experimental and control groups were analyzed using an analysis framework of multimodal representations, embeddedness in evidence and understanding of scientific concepts. Data analysis indicated that the students in the experimental group performed better than that of the control group on embeddedness of multimodal representations in the APP task. In addition, there was a significant difference between the two groups in the evaluation of understand of the scientific concepts.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.317-322
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• 2003

The Sectional and Spatial failure modes are discussed using the experimental data with long crest wave and multi-directional waves considering the failure modes occurring around the rubble-mound breakwater. The spatial & sectional stability and failure mode around the rubble-mound structures with construction progress can be summarized as follows: 1) The rubble mound structures at basic construction step was occurred serious failures when ${\xi}$ was about 6.5. 2) It was clarified that the failure modes at the round head of detached breakwater are classified as failure by plunging breaking on the slope, failure by direct incident wave force and failure by scouring at the toe of the detached break water. 3) The failure mode was found in the lower wave height than the design wave by the breaker depth effect. 4) The failure on the slope were also developed at the lee side of the round head because diffracted wave propagated into the behind area by grouping effect of multi-directional irregular wave.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.41-52
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• 1985

In order to observe the histopathological changes with the progress of time after formation of bite-mark, experimental bite-marks were made in female rats and histopathological examinations were performed in the given sites immediately, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, I hr., 4 hrs., 8 hrs., 12 hrs., 24 hrs., and 48 hrs, after injury. Results and Summary 1. Subcutaneous loose connective tissues and fatty layers were compressed immediately after formation of bite-marks, injured epithelia showed hydropic degeneration 5 minutes later. 2. Inflammatory cells emigrated into tissues with hemorrhages in the tissues after 10 minutes, and more increased centered around the blood vessels.- These distributed most densely in the tissues, after 12 hrs., thereafter, were decreased and distributed in various groups of crowdy appearances, after 48 hrs. 3. After 10 minutes, neutrophils emigrated into tissues and disappeared gradually with an appearance of monocytes. These disappeared completely, after 24 hrs. Lymphocytes and plasma cells were see n at 48 hrs. later. 4. Adherence of mast cells to injured sites occurred immediately, and which adhered to blood vessel walls of injured sites, after 10 minutes. 8 hrs. later, degranulation in emigrated inflammatory cells showed, and these degranulation disappeared gradually with a progress of time.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2008년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.658-661
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• 2008

본 연구는 증강현실 기술을 이용하여 토목시설물의 효율적인 현장 진도관리가 가능하도록 하는 AR-4D CAD의 구축 방법론을 제시하는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위해 증강현실의 4D CAD 적용성을 평가하고 AR-4D CAD시스템 구축을 위한 기술적 요구사항, 정보 흐름체계, 통합 인터페이스를 제시하였다. 이를 기반으로 실시간 진도관리의 시각화가 가능한 AR-4D CAD의 주요 기능을 분류하여 운용 시나리오를 제안하고 있다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.342-346
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• 2001

The physiological changes in sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) leaves infected with Drechslera sorghicola were investigated through five recognizable stages of disease development. Water-soaked yellowish brown spots developed two days after inoculation, turned brown with yellow halo, enlarged and coalesced at later stages of disease development. Healthy and infected leaves were analyzed for different biochemical constituents. The chlorophyll contents were decreased significantly with the progress of infection. The levels of reducing and total sugars increased while non-reducing sugars decreased to a significant extent with the progress of disease. The concentration of total phenolics, orthodihydroxy phenols, free and glycosidic phenols showed significant changes due to infection, whereas basic and acid phenols showed little or no change with disease development. Levels of phenolic compounds increased four days after inoculation and decrease thereafter, but the concentration was higher at every stage of disease development relative to healthy tissues. Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase enzyme activities increased to varying degrees at different stages of infection. Analysis of protein fractions showed a significant increase with the progress of disease.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.178-184
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• 2010

Four major diseases of chili pepper including two fungal diseases, anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) and Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici), and two bacterial diseases, bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) and bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria), were investigated under future climate-change condition treatments in growth chambers. Treatments with elevated $CO_2$ and temperature were maintained at $720ppm{\pm}20ppm$ $CO_2$ and $30^{\circ}C{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$, whereas ambient conditions were maintained at $420ppm{\pm}20ppm$ $CO_2$ and $25^{\circ}C{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$. Pepper seedlings or fruits were infected with each pathogen, and then the disease progress was evaluated in the growth chambers. According to paired t-test analyses, bacterial wilt and spot diseases significantly increased by 24% (p=0.008) and 25% (p=0.016), respectively, with elevated $CO_2$ and temperature conditions. On the other hand, neither Phytophthora blight (p=0.906) nor anthracnose (p=0.125) was statistically significant. The elevated $CO_2$ and temperature accelerated the progress of bacterial wilt by two days and bacterial spot by one day compared to the ambient treatment. Temperature regime studies of the diseases without changes in $CO_2$ confirmed that the accelerated bacterial disease progress was mainly due to the increased temperature rather than the elevated $CO_2$ conditions.

• 대한방사성의약품학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.145-151
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• 2019

Fluorine-18 is considered to be the radionuclide of choice for positron emission tomography (PET). Thus, the development of small molecule-based radiopharmaceuticals for use in diagnostic imaging relies heavily on efficient radiofluorination techniques. Until the early 2000s, diaryliodonium salts and aryliodonium ylides were widely employed as labeling precursors to yield aromatic PET radiotracers with cyclotron-produced [¹⁸F]fluoride ion. Rapid recent progress in the development of efficient borylation methods has led to a paradigm shift in ¹⁸F-labeling methods. In addition, deoxyfluorination has attracted a great deal of interest as an alternative approach to aryl ring activation with ¹⁸F^-. In this review, methods for radiolabel development are discussed with a specific focus on the progress made in the last 5 years. Other interesting ¹⁸F-based protocols are also briefly introduced. New methods for exploiting ¹⁸F^- are expected to increase the number of ¹⁸F-labeling methods, to allow applications in a range of chemical environments.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

With the increasing advances in Brassicaceae genetics and genomics, considerable progress has been made in the transformation of Brassicaceae. Transformation technologies are now being exploited routinely to determine the gene function and contribute to the development of novel enhanced crops. $Agrobacterium$-mediated transformation remains the most widely used approach for the introduction of transgenes into Brassicaceae. In $Brassica$, the transformation relies mainly on $in$ $vitro$ transformation methods. Nevertheless, despite the significant progress made towards enhancing the transformation efficiencies, some genotypes remain recalcitrant to transformation. Advances in our understanding of the genetics behind various transformations have enabled researchers to identify more readily transformable genotypes for use in routine high-throughput systems. These developments have opened up exciting new avenues to exploit model $Brassica$ genotypes as resources for understanding the gene function in complex genomes. Although many other Brassicaceae have served as model species for improving plant transformation systems, this paper summarizes on the recent technologies employed in the transformation of both $Arabidopsis$ and $Brassica$. The use of transformation technologies for the introduction of desirable traits and a comparative analysis of these as well as their future prospects are also important parts of the current research that is reviewed.