• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.369-382
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• 2008

We discuss the effect of ability grouping calculus courses based upon student's proficiency of the subject and their collective examination of midterms and finals among mid-level and low-level classes. We assess incoming freshmen at Seoul National University of Technology(SNUT) of their proficiency in calculus and assign them to the appropriate levels within the course(i.e., high-level, mid-level, low-level). We found that this was beneficial to both students and instructors. Instructors can easily determine the pace in which each class should be kept, and students can quickly adapt to the learning environment.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.209-224
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• 2009

This study examined the role of contextual knowledge in cross-cultural communication between non-native speakers on an interactive web with a bulletin board system through which college students of English at Japanese and Korean universities interacted with each other discussing the topics of local and global issues. The study investigated the influence of students' relative contextual knowledge on active participation in interactions and discussed the results focusing on the use of discourse strategies for meaning negotiation. The study argues that in interactions even between non-native speakers with limited proficiency, contextual knowledge in the topic under discussion affects the degree to which they accommodate to each other during communication and suggests that the focus of teaching English as a foreign language also should be given to what kind of contextual knowledge students need to obtain and how to express it rather than what level of proficiency in English they need to acquire.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2019

This study was to objectify differences in the results of odor testing according to the characteristics of panel members that participate in air dilution olfactory method (ADOM) testing. When differences in the results of olfactory testing were reviewed in relation to characteristics of the panelists, the result of entire panels for the site boundary Proficiency Testing Materials (PTMs) showed no difference according to panelist sex, age, smoking status, and past participation in ADOM tests. As for the outlet PTMs, distinct differences appeared in relation to the smoking status and age of panelists. The frequency distribution for all the panelists (Dev($D/T_{total}$)) showed a form similar to a normal distribution, so it is thought to be more appropriate for the review of effect of panelist characteristics on the result of air dilution olfactory tests. In addition, the ADOM testing method implemented as the standard method for odor compounds in Korea (Dev($D/T_3$)) will have to be implemented along with a concurrent assessment, for the purpose of identifying the effect of panelist characteristics on administrative dispositions against malodors.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.552-562
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• 2016

Although a number of studies have been conducted in Korea since 2000 on the impact of early English education, their interpretation is still not conclusive, due to their lack of control groups and failure to control for third factors and use valid measurements. The present study was designed to examine the effect of an English education program on young children's English proficiency after 8 months using the most well-known official English proficiency measure, the WIDA for kindergarteners. In addition, the children's Korean language proficiency, cognitive abilities, personality, parents' SES, and parents' attitudinal variables before the education were measured and controlled. The results indicated that the intervention group performed better than the control group in both listening and speaking skills, even when all relevant factors were considered. This effect, however, was only found in the item-level analyses.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.28-37
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• 2021

Background: Career success is the psychological achievement associated with an individual's work. Protean career management behavior is the behavior of managing individual careers in order to achieve individual career goals. The purpose of this study was to clarify the career success of dental hygienists as perceived by clinical dental hygienists and to compare the relationship between career success and protean career management behavior. Methods: Nationwide convenience samples of clinical dental hygienists were obtained; 354 people were surveyed online, and the data of 350 people were finally analyzed. The perception of career success of dental hygienists was assessed using a multiple response method. T-test, ANOVA, and χ2 tests were performed to investigate the differences and relationships between protean career management behavior and career success according to the general characteristics. Results: Career success was recognized by clinical dental hygienists as "income", "work proficiency", "patient consultation", "self-satisfaction", and "recognition by superiors" in order. There were significant differences in protean career management behavior according to general characteristics (p<0.05). Higher career management behavior was common in those higher in age, in married participants, in those with higher educational background, and in those with a higher career, better position, and more job change experience (p<0.05). Among the variables of career success perceived by clinical dental hygienists, "work proficiency" had a significant effect on "career management behavior" (p<0.05). "Work proficiency" and "recognition by superiors" were significant in "protean technological development behavior," and they also influenced actual behavior (p<0.05). Conclusion: The relationship between dental hygienists' career success and protean career management behavior was clarified. Dental hygienists performed career management behaviors to develop work ability and skills. In addition, the relationship between career management behavior and long-term employment was confirmed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.82-95
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• 2017

This study is to examines how cognized parental attachment influence college life adjustment and measures the mediating role of dispositional optimism. 253 Chinese international students participated this study. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regressions analysis, Sobel Test via SPSS 18.0 program. Age, educational background, proficiency of Korean, along with cognized communication, faith yielded positive correlation with college life adjustment. And alienation was negative correlation. The data were collected through convenience sampling method. Age, proficiency of Korean, alienation which is one of the lower factors of cognized parental attachment and dispositional optimism have a positive effect on college life adjustment respectively. The results indicate that the mediating effect of dispositional optimism is statistically significant on the relationship of cognized parental attachment and college life adjustment. Based on the aforementioned results, In order to improve the college life adjusting ability of Chinese international student, not only stable parental attachment, but also seek method to improve filial personal optimistic cognition.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.225-238
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the instruction with question-creation training, compared with traditional science instructions. The instruction with question-creation training is to give students chances to make questions by themselves based on what they learned before the end of the classes. The four effects of the instruction were studied: students' achievement, metacognition, self-efficacy, and the level of the questions created by the students according to different proficiency levels. Research data was gathered from 65 second grade students at a middle school in Busan. The comparative group was instructed in traditional lecture-type teaching method. The experimental group was instructed with questioncreation training. Students in the experimental group were asked to make 3 questions by themselves and then, to solve their peers' questions about 15 minutes before the end of the classes. Both groups were divided into 3 groups by proficiency level according to the results of last semester's science test. Before the research, a metacognition test and a self-efficacy test were conducted. After the research, an achievement test, a question level test, a metacognition test, and a self-efficacy test were conducted and analyzed by t-test. The research data for question level was analyzed by one-way ANCOVA. The results of this study revealed that question-creation training has a positive effect on student's achievement, metacognition, and self-efficiency. It also showed most of the students have gained an ability to make higher-level questions regardless of their proficiency level due to the increased number of students who made higher-level questions. It also showed that most of the students could gain an ability to make higher-level questions regardless of their proficiency level from the fact that the number of students who made higher-level questions increased in every proficiency level.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.501-513
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• 2011

Purpose: On the basis of the theoretical framework of a combination of Roy's adaptation theory and Lazarus & Folkman's theory of stress - appraise coping, the purpose of this study was to predict effect factors of adaptation to university life of Chinese international students in Korea. After this, a model of adaptation to university life of Chinese international students in Korea was constructed. Methods: A questionnaire was used to survey 369 Chinese international students from one university in Korea, which was analyzed by using PASW Statistics 18.0 and LISREL 8.7. Results: This theoretical model explained adaptation to university life of Chinese international students at 75.0% in Korea. Physical symptoms, loneliness, acculturation stress and self-efficacy directly affected the adaptation to university life. Korean language proficiency indirectly affected adaptation to university life through self-efficacy. Conclusion: Results of this study provided theoretical basis for the future health care of university- centered health centers. For improving adaptation to university life of Chinese international students in Korea, education and nursing measures for reducing physical symptoms, loneliness and acculturation stress, and improving Korean language proficiency and self-efficacy are proposed for further research and development.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.63-90
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• 2007

The present study investigated what combination of three form-focused options - explicit explanation, production practice, and corrective feedback - may be effective in helping low-proficiency learners improve accuracy in communicative writing. The subjects were 34 Korean university students enrolled in 'Business English 1' and the study lasted 11 weeks. The relative clause structure was selected as the target structure. The study found that the combination of explicit explanation, sentence-level production practice, communicative writing practice, and recasts had a significantly greater effect on improved accuracy than the combination of communicative writing practice and recasts and that of explicit explanation, communicative writing practice, and recasts. Because the second and third combinations didn't lead to significantly improved accuracy, it can be concluded that of the form-focused options forming the first combination sentence-level production practice made a decisive contribution to the significant increase in accuracy. It also found that the provision of self-correcting opportunities before providing recasts on errors committed in sentence-level production practice resulted in significantly greater accuracy in communicative writing than the provision of recasts alone on them. The results of the study suggest that we should make low-proficiency Korean learners have sentence-level production practice which is intensive and focused and make them self-correct targeted errors before providing them with narrowly focused recasts in order to help them to improve writing accuracy.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

This study investigated the influences of probabilistic accessibility of the word being produced - as determined by its usage frequency and neighborhood density - on native and high-proficiency L2 speakers' realization of six English monophthong vowels. The native group hyperarticulated the vowels over an expanded acoustic space when the vowel occurred in words with low frequency and high density, supporting the claim that vowel forms are modified in accordance with the probabilistic accessibility of words. However, temporal expansion occurred in words with greater accessibility (i.e., with high frequency and low density) as an effect of low phonotactic probability in low-density words, particularly in attended speech. This suggests that temporal modification in the opposite direction may be part of the phonetic characteristics that are enhanced in communicatively driven focus realization. Conversely, none of these spectral and temporal patterns were found in the L2 group, thereby indicating that even the high-proficiency L2 speakers may not have developed experience-based sensitivity to the modulation of sub-categorical phonetic details indexed with word-level probabilistic information. The results are discussed with respect to how phonological representations are shaped in a word-specific manner for the sake of communicatively driven lexical intelligibility, and what factors may contribute to the lack of native-like sensitivity in L2 speech.