• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.12-24
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• 2007

Objective : To investigate the effect of Samilshinkihwan(SISKW) on white rats with deteriorated immunity caused by methotrexate. Methods : The test articles were dosed once a day for 14 days by gastric gavage at a dosage 1000, 500 and 250mg/kg/10ml of SISKW from 2 days after last MTX-dosing, and changes in body weight, spleen weight, total blood leukocyte numbers, total lymphocyte numbers, B and T lymphocyte ratio, CD3+CD4+, CD3+/CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte ratio in the blood and spleen were measured. In addition, the serum interleukin (IL)-2 levels and the productivity of IL-2 of splenic cells were also demonstrated in this study. Results : The changes on body weight increased significantly in the 1000mg/kgof SISKW group. The changes on the spleen weight, the total blood leukocytenumbers, the total lymphocyte numbers in the blood and spleen, the ratio of T-cell in the blood and spleen and the ratio of CD3+CD4+ T-cell in spleen increased significantly in all SISKW groups as compared with the control group. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T-cells in blood increased significantly. The serum IL-2 levels and productivity of IL-2 of splenic cells increased significantly in 1000 and 500mg/kg SISKW groups as compared with the control group. Conclusions : Samilshinkihwanhas an effect of increasing immune responses, especially on cellular immune responses, in white rats with deteriorated immunity caused by methotrexate.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.2 no.6
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• pp.17-22
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• 2008

Recently, the demand of high-productivity injection mold increases since the consumption of packaging grows in the world. Stack mold is composed of more than two molds and it has very high productivity and economic efficiency. In advanced country, stack mold which has was developed already but, in occasion of domestic mold industry, there is no study of stack mold. In this study, die and mold of in-mold labeling was developed for securing the technique of manufacturing high-productivity mold.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.59-71
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• 2004

Objectives : In order to investigate effects and immune improvement of distilled white-ginseng herbal extract, expression of Cox-1, Cox-2, and mRNA of Bcl-2 and Bax were analyzed in A549 cell in vivo. Survival time and expression of cytokine mRNA were measured for the mice with Sarcoma-180 induced abdominal cancer. Methods : Balb/c mouse was treated with distilled white-ginseng Herbal Acupuncture at Wisu($Bl_{21}$) and Chung-wan($CV_{12}$) to investigate anti-cancer effects and immune response. Results : 1. For expression of mRNA of Cox-1 using RT-PCR. the control group and the experiment groups show significant increase. For Cox-2, both experiment groups and the normal group showed significant decrease. For Bcl-2, experiment groups showed slight decrease compared to the control group. For Bax, no significant changes were shown between the control group and experiment groups 2. For survival time, all of experiment groups didn't show significant differences. 3. IL-2 productivity using Flow cytometry, experiment group I didn't show any significance, For II-4, all of experiment groups showed slight decrease compared to the control group. 4. For IL-2 productivity using ELISA, experiment group I showed slight decrease compared to the control group, experiment group II didn't show any significance. 5. For expression of cytokine mRNA using RT-PCR, significant increase of IL-2 and IL-4 were witnessed in experiment group I compared to the control group. Significant decrease of IL-10 was shonwn in all of experiment groups compared to the control group. Conclusion : According to the results, we can expect that distilled white-ginseng Herbal Acupuncture may be further effects in anti-cancer and immune improvement if increasing concentration.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.67-72
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• 2016

In this study, the texturing and the emitter formation processes were carried out with the wafer adhesion method to increase the productivity and reduce the production cost of the multi-crystalline silicon solar cell. After fabricating $156{\times}156mm$ solar cell according to the wafer adhesion method, the operation characteristics were analyzed and compared with those of the solar cell fabricated by the standard process method. In the case of a solar cell formed by the wafer adhesion method, it showed Jsc of $32.87mA/cm^2$, Voc of 0.612V, FF of 78.04% and efficiency of 15.71% respectively. The efficiency of the solar cell formed by the wafer adhesion method was 0.1% higher than that of the solar cell formed by the standard method. In addition, the productivity of the texturing and the emitter formation processes is expected to be approximately doubled. Therefore, it is expected that the manufacturing cost of the multi-crystalline solar cell can be reduced due to the improved productivity compared with the standard process.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.167-175
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of shading on the growth and productivity of strawberries. Photosynthesis was normally achieved under natural light without shading treatment, and vegetative growth of under- and aboveground part of strawberry plants were excellent. Strawberry fruit productivity and quality were different depending on shading conditions. In natural light, they were improved possibly by balanced vegetative and reproductive growth. However, under light-shading conditions with insufficient sunshine, photosynthetic activity deteriorated and carbohydrate production was therfore inadequate; this adversely affected plant height and quality. The negative effects were more pronounced at 50% shading condition. Shading treatments resulting in insufficient sunshine had a detrimental impact on plant productivity and growth; this implies that proper shading conditions could heip improve yield and fruit quality.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.273-277
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• 2003

Batch culture of mutant derived from Pichia ciferrii ATCC 14091 was investigated for producing the intracellular tetraacetylphytosphingosine (TAPS). Composite experimental design was used to optimize the composition of the culture medium for maximizing the productivity of TAPS. In this experiment, various culture parameters were investigated that were the effects of temperature, the initial culture pH, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, the concentration of trace elements, and the concentration of cofactors. The optimal temperature for cell growth and TAPS synthesis appeared to be %25^{\circ}C$. An initial pH value of 7.5 gave the best results. Under the best condition, the maximum TAPS concentration indicated 7.2 g/L and its productivity was 0.06 g/L-hr in a 2.5 L jar

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.356-359
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• 2000

A two-stage fed-batch fermentation was carried out to increase xylitol productivity by Candida tropicalis. The first stage for cell growth was performed in the pH-stat and continuous fed-batch modes. The higher cell growth and lower ethanol production obtained in the fed-batch mode where the growth medium was fed when pH of culture broth increased over 5.7. And also the effect of oxygen transfer on xylitol production was investigated by changing agitation speed under 0.5 vvm of aeration. The maximum xylitol productivity and yield were obtained at 500 rpm of agitation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.59-69
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• 2013

This study presents development of the ANN simulator for well placement of infill drilling in gas fields. The input data of the ANN simulator includes the production time, well location, all inter well distances, boundary inter well distance, infill well position, productivity potential, functional links, reservoir pressure. The output data includes the bottomhole pressure in addition to the production rate. Thus, it is possible to calculate the productivity and bottomhole pressure during production period simultaneously, and it is expected that this model could replace conventional simulators. Training for the 20 well placement scenarios was conducted. As a result, it was found that accuracy of ANN simulator was high as the coefficient of correlation for production rate was 0.99 and the bottomhole pressure 0.98 respectively. From the resultes, the validity of the ANN simulator has been verified. The term, which could produce Maximum Daily Quantity (MDQ) at the gas field and the productivity according to the well location was analyzed. As a result, the MDQ could be maintained for a short time in scenario C-1, which has the three infill wells nearby aquifer boundary, and a long time in scenario A-1. In conclusion, it was found that scenario A maintained the MDQ up to 21% more than those of scenarios B and C which include parameters that might affect the productivity. Thus, the production rate can be maximized by selecting the location of production wells in comprehensive consideration of parameters that may affect the productivity. Also, because the developed ANN simulator could calculate both production rate and bottomhole pressure, respectively, it could be used as the forward simulator in a various inverse model.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.60-72
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• 2001

This paper presents the user-interactive productivity analysis model based on material balance as well as deliverability equations equipped with EOS model to perform a productivity analysis for Gorae V structure, Donghae-1 gas field. This model is designed to be able to analyse the productivity in the case of reservoir contacting with the aquifer. Also, in order to investigate the effect of condensation on productions, condensation phenomenon is considered as an apparent skin effect in the computation of bottomhole pressure from average reservoir pressure. By utilizing the developed model, we investigate the productivity analysis for B2 layer of Garae V structure with the various production cases in volumetric and non­volumetric reservoirs that contact with aquifer. From the results in the case of 5500 MMSCF/year of production and reservoir-aquifer contacting angle 270$^{\circ}C$ with aquifer size of 10 times greater than reservoir, B2 layer could maintain peak production rate even after 8.5 years of production by considering the bottomhole pressure which is estimated above the operating pressure of 1298 psia. It is also found that condensate will be formed after 1100 days of production and existed throughout the reservoir at 1270 days. Note that the computed reservoir pressure of B2 layer is maintained sufficiently high enough for production due to the water influx into the reservoir, and skin effect caused by condensation is not significant.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.26-34
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• 1992

The effect of induction temperature on fermentation parameters has been investigated extensively using Escherichia coli M5248[pNKM21], a producer of recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2). In this recombinant microorganism, the gene expression of rhIL-2 is regulated by the cI857 repressor and $P_L$ promoter system. The recombinant fermentation parameters studied in this work include the cell growth, protein synthesis, cell viability, plasmid stability, $\beta$-lactamase activity, and rhIL-2 productivity. Interrelationships of such fermentation parameters have been analyzed through a quantitative assessment of the experimental data set obtained at eight different culture conditions. While the expression of rhIL-2 gene was repressed at culture temperatures below $34^\circ{C}$ with little effect on other fermentation parameters, under the conditions of rhIL-2 production $>(36~44^\circ{C})$ the cell growth, plasmid stability, and $\beta$-lactamase activity were, as induction temperature was increased, more profoundly reduced. Although the rhIL-2 content in the insoluble protein fraction was maximum at $40^\circ{C}$, total rhIL-2 production in the culture volume was found to be highest at the induction temperature of $36^\circ{C}$. This was in contrast to the previously known optimum induction temperature of the P$_{L}$ promoter system $>(40~42^\circ{C})$.Explanations for such a discrepancy have been proposed based on a product formation kinetics, and their implications have been discussed in detail.l.