• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2003

This study investigated the effects of high amylose starch (HAS) consumption on gut functions in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Experimental animals were fed an diet containing HAS for 4 weeks (0, 125, 250, 500 g/kg diet). Stool weights, transit time, the pH of cecum, Bifidobacterium growth, short chain fatty acid production, and prostaglandin E$_2$production in colon mucus were measured. HAS intake did not affect body weight gain or food efficiency ratio during experimental period. There were no significant differences in kidney weight, epididymal fat pad weights or spleen weights, but the weights of the liver and thymus were significantly lower in the HAS100 group. The length of the large intestine, the weights of the cecum wall and cecum contents, and stool weights significantly increased through HAS intake. But transit time was not affected by the experimental diet. Although Bifidobacterium growth in the cecum increased through the HAS intake dose dependently, there were significant differences in the HAS50 and HAS100 groups. HAS intake increased the production of short chain fatty acid in the cecum contents. In particular, acetate and butyrate concentrations grew significantly. And the production of prostaglandin E$_2$in the colon mucus significantly decreased through HAS intake. These results demonstrate that high amylose starch intake significantly improves gut function.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.555-569
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• 2020

This study examines the impact of corporate tax, a fiscal measure along with trade liberalization and research and development on total factor productivity for a panel of 153 industrial firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange over the period 1997-2017. For empirical analysis, we employ the system generalized method of moment estimator. In the first step, we estimate industrial production function and the results reveal that raw material, industrial labour force and energy play vital role in enhancing industrial production. Whereas, industrial capital exerts negative impact on industrial output. We also measured total factor productivity using the production elasticities. In the second step, we examine the impact of corporate tax, trade liberalization and research and development on total factor productivity. The results indicate that higher level of corporate tax exerts negative impact on total factor productivity. The findings reveal that higher corporate taxation discourages industrial firms to undertake research and development thereby exerting adverse impact on total factor productivity of firms. The impact of trade liberalization proxied by average tariff is positive while customs duty and sales tax negatively impact firm-level total factor productivity. These findings provide useful insights for managers, investors and policy makers in Pakistan.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.5-22
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to show elements when we product the archival authority record elements for automatic organization and production. ISAAR(CPF) and RMSCA are reviewed and analyzed which are functioning as the element of standards description and element of the creator. The research methods are literary reviews from Slectronic Document System and Records Center Automation System in public institution as Electronic Records Management Systems. As a result of the research, archival authority record elements are suggested through electronic approval function and system operating and managing function of Electronic Document System, while the elements which is impossible to use automatic organization and production are suggested by the authority system and archivist, and the description rule.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.291-307
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• 2023

Medicinal crops are the most representative input among agricultural products for biomaterials. The actual situation of how medicinal crops are used as inputs in the downstream industry is analyzed, and the input demand function of medicinal crops is quantitatively estimated. The proportions of intermediate demand and final demand in the total production of medicinal crops were 52.1% and 47.9% in 1995, but changed to 74% and 26% in 2019, with the proportion of intermediate demand accounting for approximately increased by 3 times. Estimation results of the demand function for medicinal crops in the medicine industry show, a 1% increase in the production of medicine is found to increase the demand for medicinal crops by 0.3369%. If the production of health functional foods increase by 1%, the demand for medicinal crops is expected to increase by 0.6221%. It is also found that a 1% increase in the amount of cosmetic production would increase in the demand for medicinal crops by 0.3932%. This indicates that market expansion in downstream industries can have a significant impact on agricultural products for biomaterials.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.172-180
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• 2009

This study considers some changes in the program production by the local broadcasting stations through the analysis of their programs. Currently, one of the biggest changes in the local broadcasting systems is that they focus on the self-produced contents about the community and expand the joint-production. In the case of KBS Daejeon, they try to activate various joint-produced programs together with the local broadcasting stations in Yeongnam province. MBC Daejeon has also strengthened the joint-production systems since 2002 by classifying MBC's 19 subsidiary stations around the country into 5 groups in order to strengthen the competitiveness. As for TJB, they work in the cooperation with other commercial broadcasting stations in other cities, including Busan, Kwangju, Jeonju, Ulsan, Daegu by sharing the programs which they produced. In conclusion, the local broadcasting systems should depart from the function as a mediating center of the central broadcasting network and strengthen the ability of producing programs in order to be able to function as a source of producing programs. Thus, local broadcasting stations should expand the joint production of the programs about the communities and the ratio of the organization of the self-produced programs.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.231-241
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• 2004

In recent years, many researches are actively undertaken for environmental-friendly animal production according to the increased understanding about food safety because of the outbreak of various diseases such as mad cow disease, Foot and mouth disease and Poultry Influenza virus. However, high quality(higher safety)- animal production may not be successful without increasing of disease resistance of animal and the improvement of feeding environment. To increase the disease resistance is able to be accomplished by stimulating the immune function. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of enzyme mixture reinforced with ${\beta}$-glucanase activity which degrade polysaccharide to release ${\beta}$-glucan known as stimulator of immune function on the change of milk production and somatic cell count. After 12weeks of experimental feeding, milk production tended to be increased and somatic cell count was decreased from average $227{\times}10^4$ to $37.1{\times}10^4$. Milk protein and solid-fat content were tended to increase but milk fat showed decreasing tendency by the feeding of enzyme mixture. All together, it has been suggest6d that the improvement of high quality milk production may be possible through the dietary addition of immune modulating enzyme mixture in lactating dairy cows.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.293.2-293.2
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• 2002

Bisphenol A ［BPA. 2.2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane］ is reported to have estrogenic activity: however. its influence on cytokine production or immune system function remains unclear. In this study. we investigated the effects of BPA on the production of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), and on the level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and TNF-a gene expression in mouse macrophages. BPA alone did not affect NO or TNF-a production. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.396-402
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• 1998

The measurement of OTF(optical transfer function) is used for evalution of imaging performance of optical system as a standard method. In the mass-production, the contrast measurement of projected patterns is also popular because of its simplicity. In this study, a computer program which evaluates the CTF(contrast transfer function) of optical system for periodic line-space patterns is developed by using the diffraction imaging theory. The MTF(modulation transfer function) and CTF of an aberrated system are evaluated and analyzed for the third order aberrations expressed by the C-coefficients and the Zemike polynomials.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.15-27
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• 1999

Matting made of wools has a history which gose back even before B.C.7000, the time which is believed to be the starting point of the fabrication, production and usage of wools by the nomads in the Western and Central Asia who had made the living by breeding sheeps. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the function of wool matting in Asia. The research period limited to 9C A.D. When classified by the method of production of wool matting, the pile method and felt method have been widely used by the nomads in Western Asia and the cattle breeding nomads in Central Asia consecutively. From ancient times, wool matting has been considered to be one of the necessities by the nomads for living in the wilderness, and even at present, continued to be used by the people both for the purpose of everyday use and decoration. Other than fore-mentioned purposes, wool matting have function that is expressed the incantation, authorization and hierarchy, emotion and desire, and cultural exchange between nations. In addition, wool matting had also been used as a mark to show ownership and for military purposes. Even a simple wool matting had a different symbolism and function by different region and people throughout Asia. However, by finding and studying further abut what wool matting had symbolized and how it had been used, the tradition and history of wool matting could continue to attract the interests which will make the tradition to continue. And also, in order for the tradition to continue, the utmost efforts to innovate and produce better quality and design wool matting to fulfil the needs of modern times are truly required.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.279-290
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to propose adoption of QFD and Stage-gate in order to analyze the quality of korea defense system. Methods: Drawing change data of initial production phase in korea defense system were anlayzed and a practical method was proposed. Results: The results of this study are as follows; Off line Quality Control should be introduced in development phase. Specially, in case of defense system, the best method is QFD(Quality Function Deployment) and Stage-gate process. At first, QFD 1 step defines product planning from VOC(Voice Of Customer), QFD 2 step specifies part planning from product planning, QFD 3 step defines process planning from part planning, QFD 4 step defines production planning from previous process planning. Secondly, Stage-gate process is adopted. This study is proposed 5 stage-gate in case of korea defense development. Gate 1 is located after SFR(System Function Review), Gate 2 is located after PDR(Preliminary Design Review), Gate 3 is located after CDR(Critical Design Review), Gate 4 is located after TRR(Test Readiness Review) and Gate 5 is located before specification documentation submission. Conclusion: Off line QC(Quality Control) in development phase is necessary prior to on line QC(Quality Control) in p roduction phase. For the purpose of off line quality control, QFD(Quality Function Deployment) and Stage-gate process can be adopted.