• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2019

Greenhouse gas emissions have a profound effect on global warming. Various environmental regulations have been introduced to reduce the emissions. The largest amount of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, is produced in the steel industry. To decrease carbon dioxide emission, hydrogen-based iron oxide reduction, which can replace carbon-based reduction has received a great attention. Iron production generates various by-product gases, such as cokes oven gas (COG), blast furnace gas (BFG), and Linz-Donawitz gas (LDG). In particular, COG, due to its high concentrations of hydrogen and methane, can be reformed to become a major source of hydrogen for reducing iron oxide. Nevertheless, continuous COG cannot be supplied under actual operation condition of steel industry. To solve this problem, this study proposed to use two alternative COG-based fuel mixtures; one with natural gas and the other with biogas. Reforming study on two types of mixed gas were carried out to evaluate catalyst performance under a variety of operating conditions. In addition, methane conversion and product composition were investigated both theoretically and experimentally.

• 신재생에너지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.118-125
• /
• 2006

The target of this work was the process development of demonstration plant to produce the high quality alternative fuel oil by the pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste. In the first step of research, the bench-scale units of 70 t/y and the pilot plant of 360 t/y had been developed. Main research contents in this step were the process performance test of pilot plant of 360 ton/year and the development of demonstration plant of 3,000 t/y, which was constructed at Korea R & D Company in Kimjae City. The process performance of pilot plant of 360 t/y showed about 80% yield of liquid product, which was obtained by both light gas oil(LGO) and heavy gas oil(HGO), The boiling point range distribution of LO product that was mainly consisting of olefin components in PONA group appeared at between that of commercial gasoline and kerosene. On the other hand, HO product was mainly paraffin and olefin components and also appeared at upper temperature distribution range than commercial diesel. Gas product showed a high fraction of $C_3\;and\;C_4$ product like LPG composition, but also a high fraction of $CO_2$ and CO by probably a little leak of process.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 2017

현재까지 에너지의 지속적인 요구는 대부분 화석연료에 의해 충족되고 있다. 하지만 화석연료의 한계성과 온실가스 발생 등의 환경문제로 인해 새로운 대체에너지 연구 개발에 대한 관심이 크다. 탈수 하수 슬러지를 연료 에너지로 전환하기 위해 슬러지 촤와 흑연의 두 가지 열수용체를 적용한 경우 마이크로웨이브 열분해 특성을 파악하였다. 두 수용체 모두 열분해 생성물 발생량은 가스, 슬러지 촤 그리고 타르 순으로 생성되었다. 열분해의 경우 생성가스의 주성분은 수소와 메탄이고 일부 경질 탄화수소 등이 포함되었다. 흑연 수용체의 경우 중질타르가 다량 발생되었고, 많은 양의 경질탄화수소가 발생되었다. 이 상의 실험결과로 볼 때 탈수 하수 슬러지의 마이크로웨이브 열분해에 의해 생성된 가스를 연료로 이용이 가능하지만, 가스 중에 함유된 응축성 PAH 타르를 처리해야 한다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.130-137
• /
• 2018

Now discusses the potential use and applications of coal bed methane (CBM) in various industries. One of the options for gas monetization is gas to power (GTP), sometimes called gas to wire (GTW). Electric power can be an intermediate product, such as in the case of mineral refining in which electricity is used to refine bauxite into aluminum; or it can be an end product that is distributed into a large utility power grid. For stranded gas, away from the regional markets, the integration of the ammonia and urea plants makes commercial sense. These new applications, if established, could lead to a surge in demand for methanol plants.

• International Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.16-22
• /
• 2018

An analysis has been made on the performance variation due to pressure drop change at propellant supply pipes of liquid rocket engine. The objective is to compare the effectiveness of control variables to tune the liquid rocket engine performance. The mode analysis program has been used to estimate the engine performance for different modes which is realized by controlling the flow rate of propellant. The oxidizer of combustion chamber, the fuel of combustion chamber, the oxidizer of gas generator and the fuel of gas generator are the independent variables to control engine thrust, engine mixture ratio and temperature of gas generator product gas. The analysis program is validated by comparing with the powerpack test results. The error range of compared variables is order of 4%. After comparison of tuning effectiveness it is turned out that the pressure drop at oxidizer pipe of gas generator and pressure drop at combustion chamber fuel pipe and the pressure drop at the fuel pipe of gas generator can effectively tune the thrust of engine, mixture ratio of engine and temperature of product gas from gas generator respectively.

• 한국석유지질학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.45-52
• /
• 2008

천연가스로부터 청정연료인 합성유를 제조하는 GTL기술은 1920년대 군수의 목적으로 독일의 Fisher와 Tropsch에 의해서 석탄으로부터 합성유를 제조하는 기술의 필요에 의해 처음으로 개발되었다. 이후, 1960년대 인종차별로 인한 정치적 고립으로 석유수급이 어려웠던 남아프리카공화국의 수송용 연료의 필요에 의해 Sasol사에서 본격적으로 FT(Fisher-Tropsch) 합성기술을 상용화하기 시작했다. 최근까지도 저렴한 석유자원으로 인해 GTL기술이 원유 정제기술로부터 얻어지는 석유제품에 비해 경제성을 확보하지 못하여 본격적인 상업화가 지연되어 왔으나, 에너지 자원의 수급 및 기타 경제적, 환경적 변화로 인해 GTL사업에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있으며 보유 석유자원이 한계에 다다라 상대적으로 풍부한 천연가스의 석유화를 목표로 하고 있는 카타르를 중심으로 GTL플랜트 건설이 추진되고 있다. 천연가스를 원료로 석유제품(디젤 및 나프타, 윤활기유 등)을 만드는 GTL기술은 크게 3가지 공정으로 구분되는데, 천연가스에서 수소와 일산화탄소를 제조하는 합성가스 제조공정(Synthesis Gas Generation), 합성가스를 FT합성반응에 의해 고분자 선형탄화수소로 전환시키는 FT합성공정(FT Synthesis)과 FT합성유로부터 석유제품을 만드는 개질공정(Product Upgrading)으로 구성된다. 생산된 제품은 유황 및 질소화합물 등을 적게 함유하고 있고, 정유플랜트 연료보다 방향족성분이 적어, 연소 시 인체에 해로운 물질을 적게 생산하는 청정연료이며, 천연가스를 저온 액화하는 LNG사업에 비하여 운송이 용이하고 안정성이 높다는 장점을 가지고 있다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1710-1714
• /
• 2005

Micro Cellular Plastics create a sensation at polymer industrial for lowering product cost & overcoming a lowering of mechanical intensity. This research is surface quality research of MCPs product Through surface rough measurement. This experiment is carried out according to injection speed control with the surface rough & Product surface quality are searched

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.122-130
• /
• 2005

Gasification of carbonaceous wastes such as shredded tire, waste lubricating oil, plastics, and powdered coal initiates a single-stage reforming reactor(reformer) Without catalyst and a syngas burner. Syngas is combusted with $O_2$ gas in the syngas burner to produce $H_2O\;{and}\;CO_2$ gas with exothermic heat. Reaction products are introduced into the reforming reactor, reaction heat from syngas burner elevates the temperature of reactor above $1,200^{\circ}C$, and hydrogen gas fraction reaches 65% of the product gas output. Reactants and heat necessary for the reaction are provided through the syngas burner only. Neither $O_2$ gas nor steam is injected into the reforming reactor. Multiple syngas burners may be connected to the reforming reactor in order to increase the syngas output, and the product syngas is recycled into syngas burner.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.383-386
• /
• 2008

The four-bed PSA process using a layered bed of activated carbon and zeolite 5A was studied to produce a high purity hydrogen product from SMR off-gas. At a desired product purity (99.999%+), the recovery increased with decreasing the linear velocity. However, the difference of the increasing of the recovery became smaller with the decreasing of the linear velocity and then was similar from below the linear velocity 3.9 cm/s. When the adsorbents, the feed gas composition, and the operating conditions are given, the residence time is mainly a function for design of the PSA bed size. The minimum residence time exists to obtain the maximum recovery at desired product purity.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.621-627
• /
• 2016

Low-priced hydrogen is required in petrochemical industry for producing low-sulfur oil, and upgrading low-grade crude oil since environmental regulations have been reinforced. Steel industry can produce hydrogen from by-product gases such as Blast Furnace Gas (BFG), Coke Oven Gas (COG), and Linze Donawitz Gas (LDG) with water gas shift (WGS) reaction by catalysis. In this study, we optimized conditions for WGS reaction with commercial catalysts by BFG and LDG. In particular, the influence on activity of gas-hourly-space-velocity, and $H_2O/CO$ ratios at different temperatures were investigated. As a result, 99.9%, and 97% CO conversion were showed with BFG, and LDG respectively under $350^{\circ}C$ High Temperature Shift (HTS), $200^{\circ}C$ Low Temperature Shift (LTS), 3.0 of $H_2O/CO$, and $1500h^{-1}$ of GHSV. Furthermore, 99.9% CO conversion lasted for 250 hours with BFG as feed gas.