• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.483-490
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• 2016

Automobile door latch is a fine design and assembly techniques are required in order to produce them in a small component assembly shape such as a spring, injection products, a small-sized motor. The door latch is fixed to not open the door of the car plays an important role it has a direct impact on the driver's safety. In this study, during trimming of the terminals of the connector main components of the car door latch, reduce rollover and conducted a research to find a suitable effective shear surface. Using the Taguchi method with orthogonal array of Finite Element Analysis and optimal Design of Experiments were set up parameters for the shear surface quality of the car door latch connector terminals. The design parameters used in the analysis is the clearance, the radius, and the blank holding force, the material of the connector terminal is a C2600. Trimming process optimum conditions suggested by the analysis has been verified by experiments, the shear surface shape and dimensions of a final product in good agreement with forming analysis results.Taguchi method from the above results in the optimization for the final rollover and effective shear surface improved for a vehicle door latch to the connector terminal can be seen that the applicable and useful for a variety of metal forming processes other than the trimming process is determined to be applicable.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.229-237
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• 2010

Recently, forest management objectives become more complex and complicated, and spatial constraints were necessarily considered for ecological stability. Now forest planning is required to provide an optimized solution that is able to achieve a number of management objectives and constraints. In this study, we developed a decision supporting system based on the one of dynamic planning techniques, Tabu Search (TS) heuristic algorithm, which enable one to generate an optimized solution for given objectives and constraints. For this purpose, we analyzed the logical flow of the algorithm and designed the subsequence of processes. To develop a high-performance computing system, we examined a number of strategy to minimize execution time and workloads in each process and to maximize efficiency of using system resources. We examined two model based on the original TS algorithm and revised version of TS algorithm and compared their performance in optimization process. The results showed high performance of the developed system in providing feasible solutions for several management objectives and constraints. Moreover, the revised version of TS algorithm was appeared to be more stable for providing results with minimum variation. The developed system is expected to use for developing forest management plans in Korea.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2011

Simulated Moving Bed(SMB) process consists of multiple chromatographic columns, which are usually partitioned into four zones. Such a process characteristic allows a continuous binary separations those are impracticable in conventional batch chromatographic processes. Compared with batch chromatography, SMB has advantages of continuity, high purity and productivity. Various researches have been reported for the integration of reaction and recovery during process operation on the purpose of economics and effectiveness. Simulated Moving Bed Reactor(SMBR) is introduced to combine SMB as a continuous separation process and reactor. Several cases of SMBR have been reported for diverse reactions with catalytic, enzymatic and chemical reaction on ion exchange resin as main streams. With an early type of fixed bed using catalyst, SMBR has been developed as SMB using fluidized enzyme, SMB with immobilized enzyme and SMB with discrete reaction region. For simple modeling and optimization of SMBR, a method considering convection only is possible. A complex method considering axial dispersion and mass transfer resistance is needed to explain the real behavior of solutes in SMBR. By combining reaction and separation, SMBR has benefits of lower installation cost by minimizing equipment use, higher purity and yield by avoiding the equilibrium restriction in case of reversible reaction.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2018

POU (point of use) scrubbers were applied for the treatment of waste gases including PFCs (perfluorocompounds) exhausted from the CVD (chemical vapor deposition), etching, and cleaning processes of semiconductor and display manufacturing plant. The GWP (global warming potential) and atmosphere lifetime of PFCs are known to be a few thousands higher than that of $CO_2$, and extremely high temperature more than 3,000 K is required to thermally decompose PFCs. Therefore, POU gas scrubbers based on the thermal plasma technology were developed for the effective control of PFCs and industrial application of the technology. The thermal plasma technology encompasses the generation of powerful plasma via the optimization of the plasma torch, a highly stable power supply, and the matching technique between two components. In addition, the effective mixture of the high temperature plasma and waste gases was also necessary for the highly efficient abatement of PFCs. The purpose of this paper was to provide not only a useful technical information of the post-treatment process for the waste gas scrubbing but also a short perspective on R&D of POU plasma gas scrubbers.

• The Journal of Engineering Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 1998

One approach to improved image restoration methods has been the incorporation of additional source information via Gibbs priors that assume a source that is piecewise smooth. A natural Gibbs prior for expressing such constraints is an energy function defined on binary valued line processes as well as source intensities. However, the estimation of both continuous variables and binary variables is known to be a difficult problem. In this work, we consider the application of the deterministic annealing method. Unlike other methods, the deterministic annealing method offers a principled and efficient means of handling the problems associated with mixed continuous and binary variable objectives. The application of the deterministic annealing method results in a sequence of objective functions (defined only on the continuous variables) whose sequence of solutions approaches that of the original mixed variable objective function. The sequence is indexed by a control parameter (the temperature). The energy functions at high temperatures are smooth approximations of the energy functions at lower temperatures. Consequently, it is easier to minimize the energy functions at high temperatures and then track the minimum through the variation of the temperature. This is the essence of a continuation method. We show experimental results, which demonstrate the efficacy of the continuation method applied to a Bayesian restoration model.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.536-547
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• 2014

With the changing safety services and social order systems accompanied by the economic development and changing public security environment since the Chinese economic reform, the security service industry in China is growing daily and related problems are increasing. For the Chinese security service market to be activated, the monopoly of security services by the public security agencies must be removed. In addition, the research and development, expansion, and applications of safety and crime prevention technologies regarding the safety and protection of exhibition, sales, culture, sports, commerce activities, combinations of safety technologies and crime prevention processes, the provision of relevant technical operations, and the expansion of security service areas are required. Furthermore, the administration rights, property rights, and business management rights of security companies must be separated, the security headquarters must be integrated and coordinated for optimization of various resources solely by market needs, and their rights and affiliation relations must be clear. Besides, the competitiveness of security companies in the security service market must be enhanced by unifying the business management, and optimizing and sharing their resources. The security service ordinances of China that have been implemented now must be applied realistically, methods to activate the true market economy for security services must be researched, and various ordinances related to security services must be realigned in line with the characteristics of security services. Finally, for the mutual cooperation system between public and private security services, the public security agencies must acknowledge the importance of private security services and the status of security service providers in crime prevention and social order maintenance. They must establish partnership relations with each other beyond the unilateral direction and management system for security services and drive with positive attitudes the security service industry which is still in its infancy.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.45-54
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• 2010

Recently more and more construction projects have become high-rise, complex and intelligent. Accordingly, such projects require an integrated management system for tasks, with a lean approach to construction with work processes for management and productivity. In particular, Construction Information Technology (CIT) fields are concerned with Building Information Modeling (BIM), which represents the process of generating and managing building data during its life cycle. Constructability research has progressed for the project goal which is a cost-time-quality of optimization by integrated construction knowledge and experience. However, the current constructability process has not been performed efficiently, as the existing 2D drawings and papers lack consistent and accurate information, it is difficult to share the contents of work, and the use of information is inefficient. This study proposes that the reformation and enhancement of BIM-based constructability work process can lead to brilliant performance in the framework of the construction phase through achieving collaboration between the design team and the workers at the site.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.14 no.4 s.66
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• pp.47-52
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• 2005

Carbonate species in aqueous solution play an important role in the determination of chemical properties of water in relation with alkalinity, buffer capacity, biological productivity, and so on. These compounds also have reactive characteristics such as interphasal reactions between solid, liquid, and gas phases. In the absence of solid materials, the total amount and relative abundance of each carbonate species are directly influenced by the partial pressure of $CO_2$ gas in the atmosphere, which in turn significantly affects the properties of aquatic system. In the water/wastewater treatment process along with the wastes treatment and recycling process which occurring in aquatic environment, it is essential to figure out its characteristics for their optimization and one of its most influential features upon these processes is determined by carbonate species. To understand the fundamental aspect of the relationship between the partial pressure of $CO_2$ gas and chemical features of water, especially pH, the working partial pressure of pure $CO_2$ gas that produced by contacting the dry ice with water has been estimated based on equilibrium calculation. The equilibrium constants for the dissociation ot carbonic acid were determined using van't Hoff equation and the distribution diagram of carbonate species according to the pH has been constructed to substantiate the results of equilibrium calculation. The estimated working partial pressure of pure $CO_2$ gas was found to be a function of the concentration of carbonates in solution, which suggesting that Prior evaluation of the working partial pressure of gas is essential for a better understanding of aquatic interactions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

The Korea Meteorological Administration has operated the Automatic Weather Stations, of the average 13 km horizontal resolution, to observe rainfall. However, an additional RADAR network also has been operated in all-weather conditions, because AWS network could not observed rainfall over the sea. In general, the rain rate is obtained by estimating the relationship between the radar reflectivity (Z) and the rainfall (R). But this empirical relationship needs to be optimized on the rainfall over the Korean peninsula. This study was carried out to optimize the Z-R relationship in the summer of 2014 using a parallel Micro Genetic Algorithm. The optimized Z-R relationship, $Z=120R^{1.56}$, using a micro genetic algorithm was different from the various Z-R relationships that have been previously used. However, the landscape of the fitness function found in this study looked like a flat plateau. So there was a limit to the fine estimation including the complex development and decay processes of precipitation between the ground and an altitude of 1.5km.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.149-158
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• 2012

In this paper, we measured the variations of radon concentrations in groundwater using low-level Liquid Scintillation Counter (LSC), an instrument for analyzing the alpha and beta radionuclides at its 10 sites around the Kumjung-Gu, north-western of Busan. Optimization of Pulse Shape Analyzer (PSA) to determinate the highest value of figure of merit (FM) was decided using Quantulus 1200 LSC with radium-226 source, the optimal PSA level was shown in the range of 100 to 110. The results show that the Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA) of radon concentrations is 0.61 $Bq{\cdot}L^{-1}$ for 20 minutes in PSA level. We find that the average radon concentration in groundwater is high in granitic rock area and low in volcanic rock area. (Biotite granite : 191.39 $Bq{\cdot}L^{-1}$, Micro graphic granite : 141.88 $Bq{\cdot}L^{-1}$, Adamellite : 92.94 $Bq{\cdot}L^{-1}$, Andesite (volcanic) : 35.35 $Bq{\cdot}L^{-1}$). No significant seasonal variation pattern is observed from the long-term variation analysis from 10 selected sites. We have not seen the significant correlation of radon concentration to groundwater temperature, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric pressure and rainfall. The concentration variation is probably caused by more complex factors and processes.