• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.24-33
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• 2018

DSM and orthoimage, which are representative results of UAV photogrammetry, are high-quality spatial information data and are widely used in various fields of spatial information industry in recent years. However, the UAV photogrammetry has a problem that the quality of the output of the UAV deteriorates due to the altitude of the UAV, the camera calibration, the weather conditions at the time of shooting, the performance of the GPS / IMU and the number of the ground reference points. The purpose of this study is to analyze the location accuracy of unmanned aerial photogrammetry according to the change of the number if ground control points. Experiments were made with fixed wing, and the shooting altitude was set at 130m and 260m. The number of ground reference points used was 9, 8, 5, and 4, respectively. Ten checkpoints were used. XY RMSE for orthoimage and Z RMSE for DSM were compared and analyzed. In addition, the resolution of the orthoimage was determined to affect the judgment of the operator in the verification of the planimetric position accuracy, and the visual resolution was analyzed using the Siemens star target. As a result of the analysis, the variation of the vertical position accuracy is larger than the variation of the planimetric position accuracy when the number of the ground reference points are different. Also The higher the flying height, the greater the effect of change of ground control points on position accuracy.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.371-380
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• 2014

There is a little curriculum for gifted and talented elementary information. Generally parallel curriculum model(PCM) for gifted children is being applied to many subjects. It is necessary to apply the PCM for gifted elementary children of information science. This model is a prime example of a training program was applied to the encryption. There are four parallel curriculum model. The four curriculum model can be used individually or combined, may be used only partially. In this study, the benefits of parallel curriculum model in order to reflect as much as possible in order all four courses were used. This program for 19 students in the gifted children for information science class were applied to four periods. Observe and record the activities of students in class, the survey targeted learners, assignments, methods of analysis were used. We found that the level of the program was suitable and the aspects of giftedness such as an ability to focus on the task and an ability to solve the problem were enhanced. Moreover, participants became more interested in the topic of encryption following the program.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.229-236
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• 2009

Purpose: Some recent literatures report that it is possible to recover defected areas caused by enucleation of relatively large jaw cysts without using bone grafts. The aim was to find out whether spontaneous recovery of defected area with time occurred and what the contributing factors were. Materials and methods: In total, 194 patients were considered as patients. Out of these 194 patients, 74 patients who had no wound dehiscence and who were available for follow-up studies were selected. They were classified into two groups according to the size of radiolucent area in the preoperative panoramic radiographs: in one group, it was larger than $3{\times}4cm$, while in the other group, it was smaller than $3{\times}4cm$. Follow-up panoramic radiographs were taken immediately after the surgery, then after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. On those radiographs, changes in size and density of the defected areas were observed using the Gray-level histogram of Adobe photoshop v7.0. Correlation between bone regeneration and factors such as the type and size of the cysts, age, sex, site of the cysts and systemic disease was evaluated using the General repeated measure and Mann-Whitney Test. Results: Analyses of panoramic radiographs showed that the recovery of radiopacity after 12 months was more than 97% on average in defected areas that were smaller than $3{\times}4cm$. in the defected areas that were larger than $3{\times}4cm$, considerable portion showed recovery of radiopacity. No statistically significant change was observed in bone density according to the type of cysts. Young patients under 20 years of age with highly active metabolism presented more significant bone regeneration than patients over 20 years of age. Bone regeneration was more hampered in patients who had medical disease, compared with patients who didn’t have any medical problem. No statistically significant change was seen in bone density according to sex. Changes in bone density according to the site of cysts such as maxilla, mandible, anterior or posterior region were not considered to be significant. Conclusion: Analyses of panoramic radiographs suggest that in approximately 12 months after the enucleation of cysts, clinically acceptable spontaneous bone regeneration can be observed even though normal bone graft procedures have not been applied.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.127-144
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to provided a basic administrative data for effective personnel management of nurses' by investigation their assessment and satisfaction with the job rotation and by analyzing the relation between their satisfaction and organizational commitment. Data were collected from Nov. 20 to Nov. 25, 2000 through self-reporting questionnaires taken by 280 nurses working at a university hospitals The 3 structured instruments were used for collecting the data; Questionnaires for measuring the utility and the problem of job rotation, Questionaires for measuring the satisfaction with the job rotation, and Mowday's Organizational Commitment Questionnaires. The data obtained were analyzed using frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, range, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, Peason's correlation coefficients, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and chi-square test, multiple regression. The Results were as follows : 1. The supporters for regular job rotation account for 67% while the opponents to it account for 33%. The chief reason for endorsing the regular job rotation is quoted ${\lceil}$to attain more diverse job experiences${\rfloor}$, followed in order by ${\lceil}$to improve the job motivation and morale through the realization of personal needs${\rfloor}$, ${\lceil}$to place the right man in the right position${\rfloor}$. The reasons for opposing to the regular job rotation were listed in order ${\lceil}$difficulties to secure the expertise of nursing${\rfloor}$, ${\lceil}$personal needs not fully reflected in the job rotation${\rfloor}$, ${\lceil}$job rotations prompted rather by the administrative needs than by personal aptitude and ability${\rfloor}$. 2. In the assessment of job rotation, the points affirming the utility of the job rotation are $2.60({\pm}.66)$ out of possible 5 points and those admitting the problems the job rotation are $3.58({\pm}.59)$. The satisfaction with the job rotation is rated at $2.98({\pm}.55)$. 3. In the analysis into the relation between the assessment of job rotation and satisfaction with the job rotation, fairly high positive correlation is revealed between the satisfaction and utility of job rotation, whereas, considerably high negative correlation is seen between the satisfaction and problems with the job rotation(p=.000). 4. There is relatively high positive correlation between the satisfaction with the job rotation and organizational commitment(p=.000). In conclusion, the utility of on the job rotation and their satisfaction with the job rotation have positive correlation and the satisfaction with the job rotation and organizational commitment showed the positive correlation, too. Therefore, it is thought desirable to take administrative strategies well as education to improve the recognition of the job rotation's utility and to reduce the recognition of the problems with the job rotation to remain in the direction toward contributing to enhancement of the organizational commitment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 2007

Purpose: This study focused on analysing the performance and the perception of importance about workload of ambulatory nurses and nurse-aides for quality of nursing. Method: The subjects of this study were 126 ambulatory nurses and 117 nurse-aides in 6 secondary and 4 tertiary hospitals. The method of data collection was used the questionnaire. Result: As a result, First, nurses' activities that the performance score is above 3.0 are reception, guidance, reservation, confirm, checking medical record, operating report, explanation of disease, explanation of examination discuss with medical part, discuss with supporting part, solving patient problem environment management, and paper work. And the other side, those of nurse-aides are reception, guidance, reservation, preparation for clinic, assistant for clinic, preparation for examination, material transfer & receipt, confirm, checking medical record, and arrangement. Second, nurses-aids perceive above 3.0 performance score activities to be important for themselves. Finally, nurses perceive three categories of patient education/counselling, patient advocacy and quality improvement to be more important and higher performance when compared with nurse-aides. Conclusions: Ambulatory nurse's important nursing activities are therapeutic care, patient education/counselling, patient advocacy, communication, personal management, quality improvement.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.63 no.6
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• pp.486-504
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• 2019

This study analyzed achievement standards in the 2015 Science Education Standards as well as activities and assessment items in the Integrated Science, Chemistry I, and Chemistry II textbooks using science core competencies and subcomponents. All five scientific core competencies, in order of scientific thinking capacity, scientific inquiry capacity, scientific communication capacity, scientific problem solving capacity, and scientific participation and lifelong learning capacity, were included in the achievement standards of Integrated Science. Scientific thinking capacity, scientific inquiry capacity, and scientific communication capacity were included in the achievement standards of Chemistry I. The achievement standards of Chemistry II only included scientific thinking capacity. All five scientific core competencies were involved in activities of Integrated Science, Chemistry I, and Chemistry II textbooks and the highest propotion was scientific thinking capacity and scientific inquiry capacity. All five scientific core competencies were involved in assessment items of Integrated Science, Chemistry I, and Chemistry II textbooks and the highest proportion was scientific thinking capacity.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.71-86
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• 2011

The existing tax law provides that alloted resident tax on corporation tax is apportioned in accordance with the number of employees and total building area as of the end of business year. Through a case analysis, however, this study found that such apportionment is not applied to businesses whose operation was already withdrawn as of the end of business year. To solve this problem, the study proposed that the apportionment of alloted resident tax on corporation tax should be made in accordance with the number of employees and total building area in the middle of business year and a standard of corporation tax assessment, that is, sales assessed according to the value-added tax law. This proposal already proved to be reasonable by lots of actual cases that showed the realization of balance in taxation. To make more precise standards of the above mentioned apportionment, then, the study proposed that in the ordinance of the local tax law, 'as of the end of business year' should be replaced by 'in the middle of business year'. In addition, 'in the middle of business year' should be defined as 'in the period of continuous business' from the date of business end in the previous year to the date of business end in the present year and the length of the period should be calculated by month. These moves would bring more transparent and balanced local tax assignment than present under the local tax law.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.43-53
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• 2018

Recently, public service for the improvement of quality of life and life support such as safety, aging, disaster, welfare, housing, economy, urban environment, traffic etc are actively developed based on open public data, and the spread of the network and the necessity of everyday life, smartphones are playing a role in providing public services. Currently, the development of science is changing the life expectancy of human beings and changing into social structure in which aged people become bigger due to various social conditions and low fertility and aging problems. However, the elderly who do not have easy access to information are very uncomfortable in dealing with mobile devices with very low accessibility and utilization of public services provided by mobile phones. Therefore, this study recategorizes the condition of the elderly presented in the previous study and identifies the problem through case analysis provided for the elderly. Also, we summarize the hierarchy of the core items of the existing interface design and derive it as an improvement index of the public service design for the improvement of the information accessibility of the elderly, and propose a design method to improve the utilization of the public service provided through the mobile device.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.287-298
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• 2005

This study was carried out to offer the raw data on conservation of land and natural environment by constructing groups of indicators to objectively and rationally assess the sustainable natural ecosystem and present the direction for establishing and planning the environmental policy. There were selected that four assessment items were biotic, abiotic, qualitative, and functional factor. And there were extracted fifty-six indicators including density, total nitrogen, hemeroby degree, and goods production. As assessment items and indicators were over 0.6, the design of questionnaire showed no great problem. In the results of correlation analysis of assessment indicators, sociality and dominance was highly correlative in biotic factor, soil property and aspect in abiotic factor, naturalized and urbanized index in qualitative factor, and protection of landslide and soil erosion were too correlative. In the results of deciding the dimension by multidimensional scaling, as stress values were from 0.042 to 0.133, index of fit over 0.9, there no statistical problems. In case of X axis, biotic factor was structure, viewpoint in abiotic factor, composition in qualitative factor, and object in functional factor, and Y axis was shaped Into form, range, structure, and activity.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

In a network-based approach such as Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6), the serving network controls the mobility management on behalf of a Mobile Node (MN), thereby eliminating a MN from any mobility-related signaling. Although PMIPv6 is being standardized by the IETF NetLMM WG, PMIPv6 still suffers from a lengthy handover latency and the on-the-fly packet loss during a handover. Therefore, this paper presents an enhanced fast handover scheme for PMIPv6. The proposed handover scheme uses the Neighbor Discovery message of IPv6 to reduce the handover latency and packet buffering at the Mobile Access Gateway (MAG) to avoid the on-the-fly packet loss during a handover. In addition, it uses an additional packet buffering at the Local Mobility Anchor (LMA) to solve the packet ordering problem. We evaluate the performance of the proposed handover scheme using both analytical model and simulation. The numerical analysis shows that the proposed scheme has a relatively shorter handover latency. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme could avoid the on-the-fly packet loss and ensure the packet sequence.