• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.31-34
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• 2002

Imaging techniques using x-ray beam at high energies (>6KeV) such as contact radiography, projection microscopy, and tomography have been used to nondestructively discern internal structure of objects in material science, biology, and medicine. This paper introduces the x-ray micro-imaging method using 1B2 micro-probe line of PAL (Pohang Accelerator Laboratory). Cross-sectional information on low electron density materials can be obtained by probing a sample with coherent synchrotron x-ray beam in an in-line holography setup. Living organism such as plants, insects are practically transparent to high energy x-rays and create phase shift images of x-ray wave front. X-ray micro-images of micro-bubbles of $20\~120\;{\mu}m$ diameter in an opaque tube were recorded. Clear phase contrast images were obtained at Interfaces between bubbles and surrounding liquid due to different decrements of refractive index.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2019년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.126-127
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• 2019

Ultrasonic method is useful in determining the compressive strength of concrete as a nondestructive testing technique. As the velocity of the ultrasonic wave changes depending the aging of fresh concrete, it is possible to use the ultrasonic method to measure the degree of concrete curing on site. Recently, the use of steel reinforced concrete is ever increasing. This study is to examine the effect of aging concrete on the velocity of ultrasonic wave so that the compressive strength of concrete can be predicted in the presence of steel inclusions.

• Journal of Korean Vacuum Science & Technology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2002

We show that a combined technique of Cs$^{+}$ reactive ion scattering (Cs$^{+}$ RIS) and low-energy secondary ion mass spectrometry (LESIMS) provides a powerful means for probing molecular films and their surface reactions. Simple molecules, including HCI, NH$_3$, D$_2$O, and their mixtures, were deposited into a thin film of several monolayer thickness on Ru(001) at low temperature in vacuum, and the surface was characterized by Cs$^{+}$ RIS and LESIMS. On pure films, D$_2$O, HCI, and NH$_3$ existed in the corresponding molecular states. When HCI and NH$_3$ were co-deposited, ammonium ion(NH$_4$$^{+}$) was readily formed by proton transfer from HCI to NH$_3$. In the presence of water molecules, HCI ionized first to hydronium ion(H$_3$O$^{+}$), which subsequently transferred proton to NH$_3$ to form NH$_4$$^{+}$. The proton transfer, however, did not occur to a completion on ice, in contrast to the complete reaction in aqueous solutions.s solutions.

• Journal of Ceramic Processing Research
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• 제13권spc2호
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• pp.359-362
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• 2012

We have employed Kelvin force microscopy (KFM) system to measure the potential change of a single SnO2 nanowire which had been synthesized on the Au thin film by a thermal process. By using the KFM probing technique, Rh coated conducting cantilever can approach a single SnO2 nanowire in nano scale and get the potential images with oscillating AC bias between Au electrode and cantilever. Also, during imaging the potential status, we controlled the concentration of oxygen in measuring chamber to change the ionosorption rate. From the results of such experiments, we verified that the surface potential as well as doping type of a single SnO2 nanowire could be changed by oxygen ionosorption.

• 한국정보기술학회 영문논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

In recent years, information collection of attacks through stealth port scanning technology has become more sophisticated. The most commonly used Nmap port scanner supports a variety of stealth scanning technologies along with the existing scanning techniques. Nmap also supports Idle scan that is different from conventional stealth scans. This is a more sophisticated stealth scan technique by applying the SYN scan and ACK scan techniques. In previous studies, the detection of Idle scanning was on zombie system, but was not on victim system. In this paper, we propose an effective detection method of Idle scan on victim system. The Idle scanning is composed of two stages; they are probing the zombie and victim system and scanning the victim system. We analyzed the characteristics of the two stages. The characteristics, we captured, are that SYN and RST packets are different from normal packet. We applied them to detection method, then Idle scanning is detected effectively.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.47-56
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• 2023

This study depicts a Scientometric technique of Bifurcation Research output in India for around five years during 2016-2020. It is an active field of analysis in which the bulk of investigation is being done. Scopus is an advanced research platform, assisting in finding, probing and yielding information in the sciences, social sciences, arts, and humanities. The contemporary study discusses the "Bifurcation" as reflected in SCOPUS for 2016-2020. This study examines the highly prolific authors, document type etc. The study exhibited that 2017 shown maximum research papers 1700 (20.44%), the lowermost maturity rate was deciphered in 2018 (19.65%), the standard value of the period of collaboration is 0.18. The time series examines for single-authored, multi-authored, and collaborative papers are 137.8, 1564 and 1701.8 respectively.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2011

Purpose : This article is to describe a modified device for intraoral radiography which was developed to obtain reproducible radiographic images for assessment of distal osseous defects of the mandibular second molar (2 Mm) after impacted third molar (3 Mm) surgery. Materials and Methods : A commercial available alignment system for posterior region was modified by adding a reference gauge pin (millimetric) and threading a hollow acrylic cylinder at the ring of the radiographic positioner to attach the X-ray collimator. The design included customized resin acrylic stent for the occlusal surface of the 2Mm in maximum intercuspal position, individualizing the biteblock positioner. Periapical radiographs were taken before and after surgical extraction of 3 Mm, employing the radiographic technique of parallelism described by Kugelberg (1986) with this modified film holder and inserting the gauge pin on the deepest bone probing depth point. Results : This technique permitted to obtain standardized periapical radiographs with a moderate to high resolution, repeatability, and accuracy. There was no difference between the measurements on the pre- and post-operative radiographs. This technique allowed better maintenance of the same geometric position compared with conventional one. The insertion of the gauge pin provided the same reference point and localized the deepest osseous defect on the two-dimensional radiographs. Conclusion : This technique allowed better reproducibility in posterior radiographic records (distal surface of 2 Mm) and more accurate measurements of radiographic bone level by the use of a millimetric pin.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.218-226
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• 2023

Treatment of multiple gingival recession defects is usually more challenging than that of single gingival recession. Various techniques for the treatment of multiple gingival recession have been established. Recently, vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access (VISTA) technique has been considered to exhibit high predictive ability. Connective tissue graft (CTG) has also been considered a gold standard technique owing to its high predictability of root coverage. However, this technique requires a suitable donor site and has clinical disadvantages, such as additional pain. Thus, in this case presentation, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was used as an alternative material for CTG along with VISTA. We herein report cases of two patients with Miller's class I and III multiple gingival recession defects, respectively. These patients underwent VISTA along with the use of a PRF membrane. They were followed up for 12 months postoperatively, and their clinical parameters, including probing depth, depth of gingival recession, clinical attachment level, and width of attached gingiva at baseline and at 2, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, were assessed. The patient with class 1 recession defects exhibited a significant amount of root coverage, which remained stable during the follow-up period. Whereas the patient with class 3 recession defects had lesser amount of coverage compared to class 1 patient. The partial coverage observed may be attributed to not only anatomical factors but also the technique-sensitive nature of the procedure. Considering these results, the use of VISTA along with PRF is a viable option for treating gingival recession, as it does not cause discomfort to patients. However, various factors need to be considered during the surgical procedure.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.355-355
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• 2016

There has been an explosive development of nanocrystal (NC) synthesis and application due to their composition-dependent specific properties. Despite the composition, shape, and size of NCs foremost determine their physicochemical properties, the surface state and molecule conjugation also drastically change their characteristics. To make practical use of NCs, it is a prerequisite to understand the NC surface state and the degree to which they have been modified because the reaction occurs on the interface between the NCs and the surrounding medium. We report in here an analysis method to identify conjugated ligands and their binding states on semiconductor nanocrystals based on their molecular information. Surface science techniques, such as time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and FT-IR spectroscopy, are adopted based on the micro-aggregated sampling method. Typical trioctylphosphine oxide-based synthesis methods of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) have been criticized because of the peculiar effects of impurities on the synthesis processes. Since the ToF-SIMS technique provides molecular composition evidence on the existence of certain ligands, we were able to clearly identify the n-octylphosphonic acid (OPA) as a surface ligand on CdSe/ZnS QDs. Furthermore, the complementary use of the ToF-SIMS technique with the FT-IR technique could reveals the OPA ligands' binding state as bidentate complexes.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.691-701
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 만질 수 있는 비디오를 위한 햅틱 렌더링 기술을 제안한다. 만질 수 있는 비디오 기술은 사용자로 하여금 햅틱 인터페이스를 이용하여 비디오 장면의 물체를 2D 또는 3D 객체 상태로 직접 조작하며 촉감을 느낄 수 있게 해주는 기술이다. 서버에서는 비디오와 햅틱 데이터, 3D 모델 객체의 정보를 전송한다. 클라이언트에서는 서버로부터 받은 비디오, 햅틱 데이터, 3D 모델을 렌더링 해준다. 또한 화면을 사각형의 작은 셀로 나누어 각각의 셀마다 촉감을 부여하는 방식을 사용한다. 촉감을 부여하기 위하여 각 셀에 고유한 느낌을 주는 경도(stiffness), 제동성(damping), 정적 마찰력(static friction), 동적 마찰력(dynamic friction) 값의 조합을 미리 정의해 놓았다. 본 기술을 이용하면 사용자는 화면을 직접 만지거나 화면 속의 물체를 3D 모델로 불러온 다음 이동, 크기 조절, 회전 등의 기능을 이용하여 사용자가 원하는 위치에서 촉감을 느끼면서 물체를 자세히 관찰할 수도 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 만질 수 있는 비디오를 위한 햅틱 렌더링 기술은 영화, 홈쇼핑 등의 비디오 콘텐츠에 대하여 시각적 효과, 청각적 효과와 더불어 촉각적 효과까지 제공하여 사용자 만족감을 극대화할 수 있다.