• 대한화장품학회지
• /
• 제50권2호
• /
• pp.153-161
• /
• 2024

비타민 D는 주로 자외선에 의해 피부에서 만들어지는 지용성 비타민이다. 멜라토닌과 함께 대표적인 '크로노바이오틱(chronobiotic)' 물질로써 피부가 낮과 밤을 구분하는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 하지만 비타민 D는 조효소 역할을 하는 비타민이자 여러 종류의 유전자 발현을 조절하는 호르몬적 역할을 하기 때문에 화장품에 직접적으로 사용할 수 없다. 따라서 화장품에 사용할 수 있는 비타민 D 전구체인 프로 비타민 D (7-dehydrocholesterol)의 피부 효능에 대해서 알아보고자 하였다. 그 결과, 프로 비타민 D는 멜라닌 생성 효소인 타이로시네이즈(tyrosinase)의 단백질 발현을 억제하여 멜라닌 생성을 억제할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 피부톤 케어 효과는 인공 피부에서도 검증되었다. 또한 프로 비타민 D는 피부 염증을 일으키는 TNFa의 발현을 억제하고, 자외선에 의해 비타민 D로 전환되면 항균 펩타이드인 CAMP (LL-37)의 발현을 증가시킨다는 것이 확인되었다. 프로 비타민 D가 멜라닌 생성을 억제하는 것은 멜라닌이 자외선을 흡수하여 프로 비타민 D가 비타민 D로 전환되는 것을 억제하기 때문인 것으로 보인다. 따라서 화장품 제형에 프로 비타민 D를 활용한다면 피부톤을 조절하고 피부 면역을 증진시킴과 동시에 일상 생활 속에서 자외선에 의해 비타민 D 전환되면 다른 피부 효능, 즉 피부 항노화, 장벽 기능 향상 등도 기대할 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.63-67
• /
• 2022

Nephrocalcinosis often occurs in infants and is caused by excessive calcium or vitamin D supplementation, neonatal primary hyperparathyroidism, and genetic disorders. Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia (IIH), a rare cause of nephrocalcinosis, results from genetic defects in CYP24A1 or SLC34A1. Mutations in CYP24A1, which encodes 25-hydroxyvitamin D 24-hydroxylase, disrupt active vitamin D degradation. IIH clinically manifests as failure to thrive and hypercalcemia within the first year of life and usually remits spontaneously. Herein, we present a case of IIH wih CYP24A1 mutations. An 11-month-old girl visited our hospital with incidental hypercalcemia. She showed failure to thrive, and her oral intake had decreased over time since the age of 6 months. Her initial serum parathyroid hormone level was low, 25-OH vitamin D and 1,25(OH)₂ vitamin D levels were normal, and renal ultrasonography showed bilateral nephrocalcinosis. Whole-exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous variants in CYP24A1 (NM_000782.4:c.376C>T [p.Pro126Ser] and c.1310C>A [p.Pro437His]). Although her hypercalcemia and poor oral intake spontaneously resolved in approximately 8 months, we suggested that her nephrocalcinosis and renal function be regularly checked in consideration of potential asymptomatic renal damage. Hypercalcemia caused by IIH should be suspected in infants with severe nephrocalcinosis, especially when presenting with failure to thrive.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제54권2호
• /
• pp.51-54
• /
• 2011

Vitamin D is present in two forms, ergocalciferol (vitamin $D_2$) produced by plants and cholecalciferol (vitamin $D_3$) produced by animal tissues or by the action of ultraviolet light on 7-dehydrocholesterol in human skin. Both forms of vitamin D are biologically inactive pro-hormones that must undergo sequential hydroxylations in the liver and the kidney before they can bind to and activate the vitamin D receptor. The hormonally active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 $[1,25(OH)_2D]$, plays an essential role in calcium and phosphate metabolism, bone growth, and cellular differentiation. Renal synthesis of $1,25(OH)_2D$ from its endogenous precursor, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), is the rate-limiting and is catalyzed by the $1{\alpha}$-hydroxylase. Vitamin D dependent rickets type I (VDDR-I), also referred to as vitamin D $1{\alpha}$-hydroxylase deficiency or pseudovitamin D deficiency rickets, is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized clinically by hypotonia, muscle weakness, growth failure, hypocalcemic seizures in early infancy, and radiographic findings of rickets. Characteristic laboratory features are hypocalcemia, increased serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone (PTH), and low or undetectable serum concentrations of $1,25(OH)_2D$ despite normal or increased concentrations of 25OHD. Recent advances have showed in the cloning of the human $1{\alpha}$-hydroxylase and revealed mutations in its gene that cause VDDR-I. This review presents the biology of vitamin D, and $1{\alpha}$-hydroxylase mutations with clinical findings.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제54권1호
• /
• pp.26-47
• /
• 2024

Objective: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the correlation between vitamin D levels and the rate of tooth movement, external apical root resorption, bone biomarker expression, and bone remodeling. Methods: Three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were systematically searched from inception until 14th March 2023 to identify studies investigating the correlation between orthodontic tooth movement and vitamin D in animals and humans. The quality assessment was made in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Results: Overall, 519 records were identified, and 19 were selected for the qualitative synthesis. Eleven studies investigated the effect of local administration (injections in the periodontal ligament, to the gingiva distal to the teeth, or submucosae palatal area) and systemic administration (oral supplementation) of vitamin D on tooth movement, external apical root movement, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and bone remodeling factors. The remaining eight studies investigated the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and salivary vitamin D levels on bone turnover markers and tooth movement. Conclusions: The findings of this systematic review support that vitamin D3 local injections might increase the rate of tooth movement via the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-kB/osteoprotegerin axis. However, the non-uniform study designs and the different protocols and outcome methods make it challenging to draw reliable conclusions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.749-756
• /
• 2014

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary antioxidants on pro-inflammatory cytokines, heat shock protein (HSP) and antioxidant status in broiler chicks under summer conditions. A total of 162, 3-d-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to a basal diet (CON) and the basal diet supplemented with vitamin C (200 mg/kg diet, VCD) or vitamin E (100 mg/kg, VED) until 35 day of age. All birds were exposed to summer diurnal heat stress at average daily fluctuations of temperature between $32^{\circ}C$ to $34^{\circ}C$ at day to $27^{\circ}C$ to $29^{\circ}C$ at night for the entire feeding periods. There was no significant difference in body weight, feed to gain ratio and the relative organ weight except the thymus in response to dietary vitamin C or E supplementation. However, the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$, Toll like receptor (TLR)-4 and HSP70 in the liver of birds fed diet containing vitamin C significantly (p<0.05) decreased compared with those in birds fed basal diet. Dietary vitamin E also showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the mRNA expression of IL-6 and HSP70 compared with a basal diet. Total antioxidant status (TAS) in serum of birds fed vitamin C supplemented diet was significantly (p<0.05) higher with than that in birds a basal diet. Lipid peroxidation in serum and liver resulted in a significant (p<0.05) decrease in response to dietary vitamin C or E supplementation. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with antioxidant vitamins, especially vitamin C resulted in a significant decrease in the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and HSP70, and higher antioxidant parameters than that of birds on the basal diet under summer conditions.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.101-109
• /
• 2018

BACKGROUD/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin C on inflammation, tumor development, and dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced inflammation-associated early colon cancer mouse model. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male BALB/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with AOM [10 mg/kg body weight (b.w)] and given two 7-d cycles of 2% DSS drinking water with a 14 d inter-cycle interval. Vitamin C (60 mg/kg b.w. and 120 mg/kg b.w.) was supplemented by gavage for 5 weeks starting 2 d after the AOM injection. RESULTS: The vitamin C treatment suppressed inflammatory morbidity, as reflected by disease activity index (DAI) in recovery phase and inhibited shortening of the colon, and reduced histological damage. In addition, vitamin C supplementation suppressed mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines, including cyclooxygenase-2, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-2, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, Interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$, and IL-6, and reduced expression of the proliferation marker, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, compared to observations of AOM/DSS animals. Although the microbial composition did not differ significantly between the groups, administration of vitamin C improved the level of inflammation-related Lactococcus and JQ084893 to control levels. CONCLUSION: Vitamin C treatment provided moderate suppression of inflammation, proliferation, and certain inflammation-related dysbiosis in a murine model of colitis associated-early colon cancer. These findings support that vitamin C supplementation can benefit colonic health. Long-term clinical studies with various doses of vitamin C are warranted.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.81-89
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate nutritional intake, body mass index (BMI) and depression, and to elucidate depression in relation to nutritional intake and BMI among Chinese college students studying in South Korea. Methods: A descriptive study design was adopted. Data were collected from 170 Chinese college students in South Korea June-August, 2019. In this study, 24-hour dietary records were obtained and BMI was measured. Nutrient intakes were calculated from the dietary records using the CAN-PRO software. Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Results: Of 170 participants, 19 (11.2%) were underweight and 42 (24.7%) were overweight. Female, single, and non-smoking participants were underweight. There were 97 (57.1%) participants experiencing depression, and 99 (58.2%) consuming lower protein than the recommended nutrient intake resulting in insufficient nutrients. The intake of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, pantothenic acid, calcium, iron, and selenium was much lower than the standard. Depressive participants were significantly greater among the underweight participants and those consuming insufficient nutrients in terms of protein, pantothenic acid, and selenium. Conclusion: An intervention program is required to improve nutritional status, which should be a part of the strategies to manage depression for Chinese college students in South Korea.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제46권10호
• /
• pp.1186-1194
• /
• 2017

식품 함유 비타민 $B_5$ 및 $B_6$의 최적 HPLC 분석 조건을 검토한 결과 비타민 $B_5$의 경우 YMC-Pack ODS-AM($250{\times}4.6mm$ I.D.) 칼럼을 이용하고, A용매로 50 mM $KH_2PO_4$(pH 3.5)을, B용매는 아세토니트릴을 이동상 용매로 사용하는 A용매 95% 등용매용리 조건에서 200 nm의 파장으로 분석하는 HPLC/DAD법을 최적조건으로 확립하였다. 한편 비타민 $B_6$의 최적분석조건은 여기파장(excitation) 290 nm, 방출파장(emission) 396 nm로 분석하는 HPLC/FLD법으로써, 칼럼은 YMC-Pack Pro RS $C_{18}$($250{\times}4.6mm$ I.D.), 이동상 용매는 A용매 20 mM $CH_3CO_2Na$(pH 3.6), B용매 아세토니트릴을 A용매 97% 등용매용리 조건으로 사용하였다. 비타민 $B_5$ 및 $B_6$의 표준검량선은 $R^2$값이 각각 0.9998 및 0.9999로 고도의 직선성을 나타내었고, 검출한계 및 정량한계는 비타민 $B_5$의 경우 각각 0.4 mg/L 및 1.3 mg/L, 비타민 $B_6$의 경우 각각 0.006 mg/L 및 0.02 mg/L로 산출되었다.

• 대한약침학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.29-35
• /
• 2017

Objectives: Aging is an unconscious and gradual process that can lead to changes in biological systems. Induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis, hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity are involved in the aging process. Regarding the antioxidant property of black seed oil, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-aging effect of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) oil on d-galactose-induced aging in mice. Methods: For induction of aging, D-galactose (500 mg/kg, subcoutaneously SC) was administrated to male mice for 42 days. Animals were treated with D-galactose alone or with b lack seed oil (0.1, 0.2, 0.5 mL/kg, intraperitoneally (ip)). Additionally, vitamin E (200 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. At the end of treatment, the malondialdehyde (MDA) and the glutathione (GSH) contents in brain and liver tissues were measured. Also, enzymes in serum, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine amino transferase (ALT), were determined. The levels of the proteins Bax, Bcl2, caspase-3 (pro and cleaved) in brain and liver tissues were evaluated. Results: Administration of D-galactose (500 mg/kg, SC) for 42 days increased serum levels of ALT and AST, as well as the MDA content, in brain and liver tissues, but decreased the GSH content. Additionally, the levels of apoptotic proteins, including Bax, procaspase-3 and caspase-3 cleaved, were markedly increased. N. sativa oil (0.1 and 0.2 mL/kg) diminished the levels of the biochemical markers ALT and AST. Administration of black seed oil (0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mL/kg) reduced lipid peroxidation and at doses 0.1 and 0.2 mL/kg significantly recovered the GSH content. The oil decreased Bax/Bcl2 levels and at 0.1 mL/kg down-regulated the expressions of caspase-3 (pro and cleaved) proteins in brain and liver tissues. Conclusion: Through its antioxidant and anti-apoptosis properties, black seed oil exhibited an anti-aging effect in a model of aging induced with D-galactose.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.368-374
• /
• 2022

본 연구에서는 표고버섯(Lentinula edodes)을 자외선 조사를 통한 ergocaciferol (비타민 D₂) 함량을 증진시킨 추출물을 이용하여 염증 및 알레르기 반응에 미치는 효과를 확인하였다. 표고버섯 추출물의 항염증 및 항알레르기 효능은 LPS로 활성화된 대식세포(RAW 264.7)와 PMA와 A23187에 의해 활성화된 비만세포(RBL-2H3)로부터 분비 또는 발현되는 TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-4와 같은 cytokine과 histamine 분비량을 측정하여 관찰하였다. LPS에 의해 활성화된 대식세포에서 자외선 조사 표고버섯 추출물 처리에 의해 pro-inflammatory cytokine인 TNF-α와 IL-6의 분비량을 ELISA 방법으로 측정하였을 때 현저히 감소함을 확인하였고 mRNA 발현 또한 감소됨을 확인하였다. 비만세포에 자외선 조사 표고버섯 추출물과 PMA, A23187을 함께 처리한 경우 비만세포의 탈과립에 의해 분비되는 histamine의 양이 유의적으로 감소함을 확인하였고 IL-4의 발현양 또한 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과는 자외선 조사에 의해 비타민 D₂ 함량을 증진시킨 표고버섯 추출물이 염증과 알레르기 반응의 cytokine의 발현을 저해하는 것으로 보아 염증 및 알레르기 질환의 예방과 치료에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.