• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2010

언어 및 신체장애가 있는 사람들은 의사소통을 하는데 많은 시간이 소요되거나 불가능한 경우도 있으므로 컴퓨터를 이용한 보완 대체 의사소통시스템은 장애인들의 의사소통을 도와주는 중요한 도구이다. 그러나 신체장애를 가진 사람들은 키보드, 마우스 등의 입력장치를 원활하게 사용하지 못하므로 단순한 입력만으로 시스템을 사용하여 의사소통을 할 수 있어야 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 간단한 입력만으로 의사소통을 할 수 있는 의사소통지원시스템을 설계하고 구현하였다. 장애인들이 많이 사용하는 빈출문장들을 수집하여 9개 생활언어 그룹으로 분류하여 제시하므로, 몇 번의 선택 동작만을 이용하여 자신이 원하는 문장을 찾을 수 있도록 하였다. 원하는 문장이 없는 경우에는 천지인 자판을 제공하므로 문장을 만들 수 있고, 만들어진 문장을 빈출문장 그룹에 포함시켜서 다음번에 사용할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 각 그룹에 속한 문장들은 사용자의 사용 빈도에 따라 순위를 바꾸어 줌으로써 가능한 입력 횟수를 감소시킬 수 있도록 개발하였다.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2009년 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.316-320
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• 2009

Recently, concerns about conserving proper size of urban green spaces and accessibility are increasing, regarding it as a solution to diverse urban environmental problems including pollution, ecosystem deterioration, urban climate change. Artificial ground greening such as green roofs is regarded as the only alternative that can conserve green spaces which are impossible to be secured on the ground. However, green roofs are not popularized yet and levels are very low in provincial cities despite of related technology development and support systems of related agencies. Based on the background, this study tries to present a theoretical basis of methods for green roofs, conducting green roof simulations and collecting ideas about problems and improving measures from green roof users. Finally, it aims to offer base data which help establish policy direction for activation of green roof technology. As a result of a simulation for verifying temperature reduction effect, it was possible to affirm effect of a plot that green roofs applied. Especially, it was revealed that a green roof method using ground covers such as mixed planting was the most effective way to reduce temperature. Activation methods for green roofs based on this study are as follows: First, it is a priority to readjust systems related to green roofs. Second, citizens' active and voluntary participation must be attained. Third, it is required to establish detailed promotion procedures which aim at actual conduct and to maintain an expert department which is able to manage and control the establishment. After conduct, continuous aftercare stages are also needed.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.1049-1068
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• 2011

In this paper a simple and effective call admission control (CAC) scheme is proposed for the emerging interleave-division multiple-access (IDMA) systems, supporting a variety of traffic types and offering different quality of service (QoS) requirements and priority levels. The proposed scheme is signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) evolution based CAC (SE-CAC). The key idea behind the scheme is to take advantage of the SINR evolution technique in the process of making admission decisions, which is developed from the effective chip-by-chip (CBC) multi-user detection (MUD) process in IDMA systems. By virtue of this semi-analytical technique, the MUD efficiency can be estimated accurately. Additionally, the computational complexity can be considerably reduced. These features make the scheme highly suitable for IDMA systems, which can combat intra-cell interference efficiently with simple CBC MUD. Analysis and simulation results show that compared to the traditional CAC scheme considering MUD efficiency as a constant, the proposed SE-CAC scheme can guarantee high power efficiency and throughput for multimedia traffic even in heavy load conditions, illustrating the high efficiency of CBC MUD. Furthermore, based on the SINR evolution, the SE-CAC can make accurate estimation of available resource considering the effect of MUD, leading to low outage probability as well as low blocking and dropping probability.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to establish an education curriculum subject program design for the department of emergency medical technology based on National Competency Standards (NCS) key competencies. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 180 level 1 emergency medical technicians in K area from June 15 to 20, 2016. Except for 14 incomplete questionnaires, 141 data were analyzed. The study instrument included general characteristics of the subjects (7 items) and importance and satisfaction levels for 10 key competencies including 34 items of subfactors by a Likert 5-point scale using Borich Needs Assessment Model. A locus for focus model (LF model) was used to derive the top priority key competencies for the education curriculum. Data were analyzed by SPSS v. 20.0. Results: The order of education needs of the program included interpersonal competency (1.442), communication competency (1.384), problem solving competency (1.185) and professional ethics competency (1.149). In the LF model, the required jey competencies included interpersonal competency, communication competency, professional ethics competency, and problem solving competency. Conclusion: The study results coincided with standard education curriculum guidelines. Our resluts can provide a valid reference for the department of emergency medical technology.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.1483-1496
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• 2001

Small ruminants form an important economic and ecological niche in small farm systems and agriculture. Their current low level of contribution is dismal, and is not commensurate with the potential capacity for higher levels of production. The context for productivity enhancement and increased socio-economic contribution relates to large sizes of small ruminant populations; wide distribution across various agro-ecological zones and production systems; and diversity of breeds, where 66% of all goat and 57% of sheep breeds in Asia are found in China, India and Pakistan. The advantages and disadvantages of small ruminants over larger ruminants are enumerated with reference to adaptation and environment, small size, production systems and products and interactions with the environment. Discussion focuses especially on efficiency of meat production and niche markets for higher-priced goat meat, and inefficient marketing systems given an estimated 40-45% loss of income to farmers presently. Increasing the quantity of meat produced is related to live weight and the total number of animals at Slaughter, which in turn, depend on the total number of offsprings weaned and lifetime productivity. At the national level, priority attention is essential to build up numbers in concerted breeding programmes, selection for efficiency of reproduction and meat production, and improvements to make traditional markets and marketing systems to respond to the changing environmental and consumer preferences. Post-production systems are neglected and improvements are associated with collection, handling, marketing, slaughter facilities and consumer requirements. Potential opportunities to expand and benefit from integrating small ruminants into annual and perennial cropping systems remain largely unexplored. Important development imperatives include choice of species and better use of available breeds, appropriate production systems that match available feed resources, and linkages between production, products and by-products to markets. Affirmative action is necessary, backed by official policy support, institutional commitment and increased resource use, that can target poverty and directly benefit the poor, and shift subsistence production to a more market-oriented opportunity. These efforts together constitute the challenges for both the owners and producers of small ruminants in the immediate future, as also the will to accelerate increased productivity, improve their livelihoods and promote rural growth.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.3123-3129
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• 2013

Background: The search for naturally occurring agents in routinely consumed foods that may inhibit cancer development is of high priority. [6]-Paradol is a pungent phenolic bioactive component from ginger with welldocumented health promoting antioxidant, antimutagenic, antigenotoxic and anti-inflammatory properties. However, anticarcinogenic effects have yet to be fully explored. The objectives of the present study were therefore to assess protective effects against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced buccal pouch carcinogenesis in male golden Syrian hamsters. Methods: Oral squamous cell carcinomas developed in the left buccal pouch of hamsters on painting with 0.5% of DMBA, three times in a week. To assess the apoptotic associated gene expressing potential of [6]-paradol, it was orally administered to DMBA treated hamsters on alternate days from DMBA painting for 14 weeks. Results: We observed 100% tumor formation with marked levels of neoplastic changes and altered the expression of apoptotic associated gene (p53, bcl-2, caspase-3 and TNF-${\alpha}$) was observed in the DMBA alone painted hamsters as compared to control hamsters. Oral administration of [6]-paradol at a dose of 30 mg/kg b.wt to DMBA treated animals on alternative days for 14 weeks significantly reduced the neoplastic changes and improved the status of apoptosis associated gene expression. Conclusion: These observations confirmed that [6]-paradol acts as a tumor suppressing agent against DMBA induced oral carcinogenesis. We also conclude that [6]-paradol also effectively enhances apoptosis- associated gene expression in DMBA treated animals.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.163-174
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• 2007

Folate has received international attention regarding its role in the risk-reduction of birth defects, specifically neural tube defects (NTDs). In 1998 health officials in Canada, like the United States, mandated the addition of folic acid to white flour and select grain product's to increase the folate intake of reproductive-aged women. Subsequent to this initiative there has been an increase in blood folate concentrations in Canada and a 50% reduction in NTDs. Many countries, including Korea, have not mandated folic acid fortification of their food supply. Reasons vary but often include concern over the masking of vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency, a belief that folate intakes among womenare adequate, low priority relative to other domestic issues, and the philosophy that individuals have the right not to consume supplemental folic acid if they so choose. Prior to folic acid fortification of the food supply in Canada, the folate intakes of women were low, and their blood folate concentrations while not sufficiently low to produce overt signs of folate deficiency (eg. anemia) were inconsistent with a level known to reduce the risk of an NTD-affected pregnancy. The purpose of this article is to describe the role of folate during the periconceptional period, pregnancy, and during lactation. The rationale for, and history of recommending folic acid-containing supplements during the periconceptional period and pregnancy is described as is folic acid fortification of the food supply. The impact of folic acid fortification in Canada is discussed, and unresolved issues associated with this policy described. While the incidence of NTDs in Canada pre-folic acid fortification were seemingly higherthan that of Korea today, blood folate levels of Korean women are strikingly similar. We will briefly explore these parallels in an attempt to understand whether folic acid fortification of the food supply in Korean might be worth consideration.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.389-400
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• 2008

와이브로, HSDPA, 블루투스 등 새로 무선 네트워크 기술의 등장과 더불어 모바일 단말기의 성능이 향상되면서, 모바일 단말간 Peer-to-peer 응용 프로그램에 대한 관심과 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 그룹 사용자들 간에 P2P 서비스 개발을 지원하며 무선 네트워크 기술에 대한 투명성을 제공하는 플랫폼으로 MPCP(Mobile P2P Communication Platform)을 제안한다. MPCP는 연결 설정 부담을 줄이기 위해 단말 간의 연결에 해당하는 가상 채널과 응용 프로그램 간의 연결이라는 세션으로 연결의 개념을 구분하고, 응용 프로그램의 특성에 따라 세션을 크게 네 가지로 종류를 구분하고 서로 다른 우선 순위와 데이타 처리 정책을 적용한다. 통신 대상과의 거리에 따라 적절한 무선 네트워크 기술을 선택하여 연결을 설정하며, Session Initiation Protocol을 활용하여 동적으로 변하는 연결 대상의 주소 정보를 획득한다. 임베디드 리눅스 시뮬레이터 환경에서 MPCP를 구현하였으며, 상위 서비스 개발 플랫폼과 연동하여 모바일 그룹 P2P 서비스 개발에 적용하였다. 정량적인 성능을 평가하기 위해 동시 세션 수를 증가시켜 가면서 단순한 FTP와의 성능을 비교한 결과, 세션 수의 증가에 영향을 받지 않고 성능이 유지되는 것을 관찰하였다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.33-46
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• 2013

The present study aims to provide an analytical framework for achieving aid and development effectiveness of agricultural cooperation with a demand-oriented perspective. This paper pays particular attention to categorize the stages of agricultural development of African recipients to identify demands for agricultural aid of the categorized groups. To do so, first of all, it establishes theoretical background to apply the demand-oriented concept and utilize the phase of agricultural development as an alternative for aid and development effectiveness. On the basis of the theoretical robustness, it conducts a series of analyses to categorize the African recipients by the development stages, incorporating factor analysis, cluster analysis and comparison between the present-future agricultural development levels. The findings propose analysis indicators for phase of agricultural development and clustered results including 18 countries of KAFACI members and priority countries in Africa. In addition to the practical application of the results, the methodological flow can be used as steps for sketching a future roadmap to construct the demand-oriented ODA(Official Development Assistance) plan. This paper also offers implications regarding ODA strategy of Korea in response to the phase of agricultural development and the aid demands.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.317-338
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• 2012

본 연구는 교사들이 생각하는 좋은 수학 수업을 알아보기 위해 4개의 대영역(교육과정과 교육내용, 교수 학습, 교실환경 및 수업 분위기, 평가)과 48개 하위 요소로 구성된 설문지를 이용하여 초등학교 교사 223명과 중학교 수학 교사 151명의 반응을 비교 분석하였다. 분석 결과 초등 교사는 대영역 중 교육과정과 교육내용 영역을, 중등 교사는 교수 학습 영역을 가장 중요하게 생각하였다. 세부 요소 별로 살펴보면, 초 중등 교사는 공통적으로 자기주도적 학습 능력을 신장시키는 수업, 학생 수준에 맞게 교육과정을 재구성하여 실시한 수업, 학생과 교사간의 상호작용이 잘 이루어지는 수업 등을 좋은 수학 수업이라고 생각하였다. 그러나 초등 교사는 좋은 수학 수업과 관련된 23개 요소에 대해서 중등 교사보다 더 중요하다고 인식하였으며, 중등 교사는 수학적 표현 능력을 신장시키는 수업, 동기 유발이 잘 이루어지는 수업의 2개 요소에 대해서만 초등 교사보다 유의미하게 더 중요하다고 인식하였다. 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 우리나라 본연의 좋은 수학 수업에 대한 교사의 인식 및 이에 따른 시사점을 논의하였다.