• 제목/요약/키워드: printing industry

검색결과 496건 처리시간 0.025초

Application of Electrocoagulation for Printing Wastewater Treatment: From Laboratory to Pilot Scale

  • Thuy, Nguyen Thi;Hoan, Nguyen Xuan;Thanh, Dang Van;Khoa, Pham Minh;Tai, Nguyen Thanh;Hoang, Quang Huy;Huy, Nguyen Nhat
    • Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
    • /
    • 제12권1호
    • /
    • pp.21-32
    • /
    • 2021
  • This study reports for the first time the application of electrocoagulation (EC) from laboratory to pilot scales for the treatment of printing wastewater, a hazardous waste whose treatment and disposal are strictly regulated. The wastewater was taken from three real printing companies with strongly varying characteristics. The treatment process was performed in the laboratory for operational optimization and then applied in the pilot scale. The weight loss of the electrode and the generation of sludge at both scales were compared. The results show that the raw wastewater should be diluted before EC treatment if its COD is higher than about 10,000 mg/L. Pilot scale removal efficiencies of COD and color were slightly lower compared to those obtained from the laboratory scale. At pilot scale, the effluent CODs removal efficiency was 81.9 - 88.9% (final concentration of 448 - 992 mg/L) and color removal efficiency was 95.8 - 98.6% (final level of 89 - 202 Pt-Co) which proved the feasibility of EC treatment as an effective pre-treatment method for printing wastewater as well as other high colored and hard-biodegradable wastewaters.

The Green Cement for 3D Printing in the Construction Industry

  • Park, Joochan;Jung, Euntae;Jang, Changsun;Oh, Chaewoon;Shin, Kyung Nam
    • 에너지공학
    • /
    • 제29권3호
    • /
    • pp.50-56
    • /
    • 2020
  • Currently, 3D printing technology is a new revolutionary additive manufacturing process that can be used for making three dimensional solid objects from digital films. In 2019, this 3D printing technology spreading vigorously in production parts (57%), bridge production (39%), tooling, fixtures, jigs (37%), repair, and maintenance (38%). The applications of 3D printing are expanding to the defense, aerospace, medical field, and automobile industry. The raw materials are playing a key role in 3D printing. Various additive materials such as plastics, polymers, resins, steel, and metals are used for 3D printing to create a variety of designs. The main advantage of the green cement for 3D printing is to enhance the mechanical properties, and durability to meet the high-quality material using in construction. There are several advantages with 3D printing is a limited waste generation, eco-friendly process, economy, 20 times faster, and less time-consuming. This research article reveals that the role of green cement as an additive material for 3D printing.

3D 프린팅 산업에 대한 사회경제환경 융합형 통합기술수용모델을 통한 기업의 3D기술수용의도 분석 (The Analysis on Technology Acceptance Model for the 3D Printing Industry with the Social Economic Environment Converged Unified Theory Of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model)

  • 김영수;홍아름
    • 기술혁신학회지
    • /
    • 제22권1호
    • /
    • pp.119-157
    • /
    • 2019
  • 3D 프린팅 산업의 종사자들이 3D 프린터의 도입을 결정하는 의사 결정에 어떤 인자들이 영향을 주고, 인자들의 역할을 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 이를 통해 국내 기업 등에서 활용되는 3D 프린터의 활용 증대 및 관련 산업 투자 증가로, 국내 3D 프린팅 산업의 발전에 기여할 수 있는 방안을 찾고자 한다. 3D 프린터는 기술의 발전, 대중의 관심, 투자의 활성화에 따라 급속한 발전을 이룩하고 있다. 외국은 장비, 소재, S/W, 산업 활용 등에서 괄목할 발전을 거두고 있으나, 국내에서는 예상보다 저조하다. 3D 프린터 산업의 활성화 및 저변 확대를 위해 원활한 3D 프린터의 도입이 필요하나, 실제 도입 및 현장적용에는 상당히 미흡한 실정이다. 문헌조사를 통해 경제성, 기술성, 환경성을 대표하는 독립변수들을 선정하였고, 3D 프린팅 산업에 대한 사회환경융합형 통합기술수용모델을 제안하여, 독립변수들이 3D 기술 수용의도에 어떤 영향을 미쳤는지를 독립변수 상관분석법, 무상관 회귀분석법 등을 통해 조사하였다. 본 연구를 통해 기업이 3D 프린팅 기술 및 장비의 도입을 위해 출력단가와 같은 경제성 요인과 정부지원, 3D 컨텐츠 같은 환경성 요인들이 유기적으로 확대 발전해야 한다는 점을 확인하였다. 이는 정부의 체계적이고 실효적인 지원이 필요하고, 사용자인 기업이 직접 체감할 수 있는 경제적 지원과 관련 법령, 제도 등의 개선이 필요하다. 경제적, 기술적 시간적 투자가 진행되어야 국내의 3D 프린팅 산업이 발전되고 이를 토대로 3D 프린팅 산업을 4차산업혁명의 핵심 동력으로 삼아야 할 것이다.

잉크젯 프린팅 기술을 이용한 나노 금속잉크의 인쇄회로기판용 미세배선 형성 (Micro Patterning of Nano Metal Ink for Printed Circuit Board Using Inkjet Printing Technology)

  • 박성준;서상훈;정재우
    • 한국정밀공학회지
    • /
    • 제24권5호
    • /
    • pp.89-96
    • /
    • 2007
  • Inkjet printing has become one of the most attractive manufacturing techniques in industry. Especially inkjet printing technology will soon be part of the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) fabrication processes. Traditional printing on PCB includes screen printing and photolithography. These technologies involve high costs, time-consuming procedures and several process steps. However, by inkjet technology manufacturing time and production costs can be reduced, and procedures can be more efficient. PCB manufacturers therefore willingly accept this inkjet technology to the PCB industry, and are quickly shifting from conventional to inkjet printing. To produce the printed circuit board by the inkjet technology, it must be harmonized with conductive nano ink, printing process, system, and inkjet printhead. In this study, micro patterning of conductive line has been investigated using the piezoelectric printhead driven by a bipolar voltage signal is used to dispense 20-40 ${\mu}m$ diameter droplets and silver nano ink which consists of 1 to 50 nm silver particles that are homogeneously suspended in an organic carrier. To fabricate a conductive line used in PCB with high precision, a printed line width was calculated and compared with printing results.

이상법 날염에 의한 천연염료 날염방법 연구 (Studies on the Printing with Natural Dyes by Two phase printing method)

  • 전병익;황종호
    • 한국산업융합학회 논문집
    • /
    • 제6권3호
    • /
    • pp.247-252
    • /
    • 2003
  • This study is to research on two phase printing method by use of colorants extracted from sappan wood. As for the research, printing effect of printing paste, streaming time, optimal mordant concentration, change of surface color and colorfastness were measured. This experiment showed that modified starch were best on surface color among the modified starch, sodium-alginate, guar gum. And the surface color was best when the steaming time was 60 minutes, mordant concentration 8%(ow.f). And for colorfastness experiment, colorfastness to drycleaning was good, but colorfastness to light and colorfastness to washing showed no desirable result.

  • PDF

바인더의 종류 및 배합비율이 잉크제트 인쇄특성에 미치는 영향 (Influence of the Type and Blending Ratio of Binders on Ink-jet Printing Properties)

  • 이희명;김창근;이용규
    • 펄프종이기술
    • /
    • 제34권2호
    • /
    • pp.22-31
    • /
    • 2002
  • In this paper, PVA(polyvinylalcohol), oxidized starch and SBR latex were used as binders for ink-jet printing papers, and their effects of the type and blending ratio of binders on ink-jet printing properties were compared. In case of coating color using PVA mainly used for a binder in ink-jet printing, spreading of printed letters decreased and excellent images were manifested resulting from strong hydrophilic of PVA. However, increasing solids content of coating color was somewhat limited because of the interaction of PVA and functional groups in silica as well as high molecular weight of PVA. When oxidized starch and SBR latex were mixed with PVA at desirable ratio to solve these problems, runnability in coating process was improved and good printing properties were shown. Gloss was improved when latex was used along with PVA as a binder because of the thermoplastic property of the latex. From this result, possibilities of high solids content and high gloss ink-jet printing papers were investigated.

한지의 인쇄적성 향상 (Printability Improvement of Hanji)

  • 현경수;김민중;이명구
    • 펄프종이기술
    • /
    • 제37권4호통권112호
    • /
    • pp.52-59
    • /
    • 2005
  • Most of printing paper market today have been occupied by western paper and some machine-made Hanji used don't show the characteristic advantages for traditional hand-made Hanji. Although hand-made Hanji has an aesthetic and qualitative value, it has limited uses because of poor printability as printing paper. Unlike western paper, conventional Hanji cannot be used as Printing paper because it is impossible to make the clear formation of printed dot and to develop a high level of sizing and picking problem occurs during printing. Improvements of physical and optical properties such as roughness, smoothness, air permeability, contact angle, opacity, and paper gloss as well as sizing level were accomplished through internal and surface sizing and calendering, which made the paper better suited for printing and decreased problems during printing.

신문용지의 인쇄적성 계수에 관한 연구 I -최대 전이점에서 인쇄 색농도, 뒤비침-

  • 하영백;김창근;오성상;윤종태
    • 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국펄프종이공학회 2005년도 추계학술발표논문집
    • /
    • pp.187-196
    • /
    • 2005
  • Newsprint is quantitatively the most important printing paper. The demands for its printability are continuously increasing. It is well known that the relationship between the physically tested paper properties and newspaper printability is unsatisfactory. In order to improve the printing quality of Korean newsprint, the printability coefficients such as maximum ink requirement($Y_{max}$), print through were investigated. Kinds of Korean newspapers and three kinds of news printing inks were tested by IGT printability tester. Experiment condition of IGT printability tester was 14 steps between $0.2{\sim}2.8g/m^2$ of ink requirement, printing pressure was .200 N and printing velocity was 1m/sec. The properties of newspaper samples(basis weight, bulk density, roughness, smoothness, porosity, i. e.) were examined in accordance with KS and TAPPI standard testing methods. The result of this study are respected for usefulness printing quality management of Korean newsprint.

  • PDF

환경 인쇄 기술의 발전과 인쇄물의 $CO_2$ 발생량에 관한 연구 (A Study about Development of Environment Printing Technology and $CO_2$)

  • 이문학
    • 한국인쇄학회지
    • /
    • 제30권3호
    • /
    • pp.89-114
    • /
    • 2012
  • For as to world, the concern about the environment problem is enhanced than any other time in the past because of being 21 century. And the environment problem is highlighted as the world-wide issue. The time of the environment problem intimidates the alive of the mankind and presence of an earth over the time. It becomes the essentiality not being selection in the personal living or the economical viewpoint now to prepare for the climatic modification. As to the company management, the green growth period which it excludes the environment management considering an environment, cannot carry on the company the continued management comes. That is, in the change center of the management paradigm, there is the environment management. Nearly, the greenhouse gas which the publication industry is the environmental toxic material like all industries is generated. The greenhouse gas is ejected in the process of running the manufacturing process and print shop of the various kinds material used as the raw material of the book. Particularly, the tree felling for getting the material of the paper is known to reach the direct influence on the global warming. This study does according to an object it considers and organizes the environment parameter based on this kind of fact as to the publication industry. And it is determined as the reference which is used as the basic materials preparing the case that carbon exhaust right transaction(CAP and TRADE) drawing are enforced in all industries and is sustainable the management of the publication industry and reduces the environmental risk among the company many risk management elements and plans and enforces the publication related policy that there is a value. In the printing publication industry, this study tried to inquire into elements discharging the environmental pollutant or the greenhouse gas. Additionally, in the printed publication production process, it tried to inquire into the effort for an environment-friendly and necessity at the printing paper and the printers ink, regarded as the element discharging the greenhouse gas all kinds of the printing materials, operation of the print shop and all kinds of the machines and recycle process, and etc. These considerations make these industrial field employees aware of the significance about a conservation and environmental protection. They try to give a help in the subsequent study producing quantitatively each environmental parameter emission of green house gas. This makes the calculation of the relative $CO_2$ output reproached ultimately possible. Meanwhile, in a sense, many research protects and improving an environment in connection with the contents of research at the printing publication industrial field is in progress. There will be the voluntary human face that it has to protect an environment but this can not do by the outside factor according to all kinds of environment related law and regulation. Anyway, because of acting on company management as the factor of oppression, the increase of this environment-related correspondence cost could know that the research that the environment loading relates with a procurement and development, environment management system introduction, quality control standard, including, normalizing including a material, and etc. through the part of the effort to reduce the cost low was actively in progress. As to the green growth era, as follows, this paper prescribed the subject and alternative of the print publication industry. It is surrounded by the firstly new digital environment and the generation of the subject. And secondly the printing industry is caused by the point of time when the green growth leaves by the topic which is largest in the global industry and it increases. The printing publication industry has to prepare the bridgehead for the environment-friendly green growth as the alternative for this resolution with first. The support blown in each industry becomes the obligation not being selection. Prestek in which the print publishing was exposed to spend many energies and which is known as the practice of the sustainable print publishing insisted that it mentioned importance of the green printing through the white pages in 2008 and a company had to be the green growth comprised through the environment-friendly activity. The core management for the sustainable printing publication industry presented from Presstack white pages is compacted to 4 words that it is a remove, reduce, recover, and recycle. Second, positively the digital printing(POD) system should be utilized. In the worldwide print out market, the digital printing area stops at the level of 10% or so but the change over and growth of the market of an analog-to-digital will increase rapidly in the future. As to the CEO Jeff Hayes of the Infoland, the offset print referred to that it of the traditional method got old and infirm with the minor phase of the new printing application like the customer to be wanted publication and the print of the digital method led the market. In conclusion, print publishers have to grasp well the market flow in the situation where a digitalization cannot be generalized and a support cannot avoid. And it keeps pace with the flow of the digital age and the recognition about the effort for the development and environment problem have to be raised. Particularly, the active green strategy is employed for the active green strategy.

H-UV 무습수 오프셋 인쇄에서 CMS 적용에 관한 연구 (Study on CMS Application in Hybrid UV Waterless Off-Set Printing)

  • 구철회;조가람
    • 펄프종이기술
    • /
    • 제45권5호
    • /
    • pp.1-13
    • /
    • 2013
  • This study found fit optimum C, M, Y, K solid density and $CIEL^*a^*b^*$ value to paper & ink as well as check about printing machine state for color management in H-UV waterless off-set printing first. These values applied to GRACoL G7 calibration method. This method is one of color standard management method of printing. GRACoL G7 calibration method is possible stable tone reappearance by controlling gray balance by NPDC(Natural Printing Density Curve). Also, this study used values to make device profile as result that is gotten by application of GRACoL G7 calibration method. This profile was applied to CMS(Color Management System) of H-UV waterless off-set printing, and the result was possible by color management that correspond in printing quality standard of ISO 12647-2 and GRACol 2006 specifications.