• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제76권3호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2014

Pneumothorax-either spontaneous or iatrogenic-is commonly encountered in pulmonary medicine. While secondary pneumothorax is caused by an underlying pulmonary disease, the spontaneous type occurs in healthy individuals without obvious cause. The British Thoracic Society (BTS, 2010) and the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP, 2001) published the guidelines for pneumothorax management. This review compares the diagnostic and management recommendations between the two societies. Patients diagnosed with primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) may be observed without intervention if the pneumothorax is small and there are no symptoms. Oxygen therapy is only discussed in the BTS guidelines. If intervention is needed, BTS recommends a simple aspiration in all spontaneous and some secondary pneumothorax cases, whereas ACCP suggests a chest tube insertion rather than a simple aspiration. BTS and ACCP both recommend surgery for patients with a recurrent pneumothorax and persistent air leak. For patients who decline surgery or are poor surgical candidates, pleurodesis is an alternative recommended by both BTS and ACCP guidelines. Treatment strategies of iatrogenic pneumothorax are very similar to PSP. However, recurrence is not a consideration in iatrogenic pneumothorax.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.631-635
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• 1991

Spontaneous pneumothorax is a rare manifestation of primary lung cancer and it is even more rare as an initial manifestation. Recently we have experienced three cases of lung cancer presenting initially as spontaneous pneumothorax. These three cases involved 2 men and one woman with an average age of 70 years [66 - 74years]. Lung cancer was discovered by explothoracotomy in two cases and by endoscopic biopsy in one case. In pathologic cell types, the one was alveolar cell carcinoma and the others were squamous cell carcinoma. We report these three cases of primary lung cancer presenting initially as spontaneous pneumothorax with review of the literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.770-778
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• 1994

Here analized the chest physiologic changes caused by various degrees of spontaneous pneumothorax in 77 patients admitted in Pusan National University Hospital from Jan. 1991 to Aug.1992. The results were summarized as follow: 1. There were 59 patients of primary spontaneous pneumothorax and 18 of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. 2. The intrapleural pressure risings were paralled to the increasing sizes of pneumothorax, especiallythe intrapleural pressure changes were significant in large pneumothorax. In the secondary spontaneous pneumothoraces the intrapleural pressure were relatively higher than primary in the same sizes of pneumothorax. 3. The intensity of chest pain was paralled to the increasing sizes and intrapleural pressures of the pneumothorax, but the degrees of dyspnea had no linear interrelationship. 4. The pulse rate, cardiac output, and arterial PO2 started to change from positive intrapleural pressure, and significant changes were noted between 6 to 9 mmHg of intrapleural pressure. But the arterial PCO2 changes had no interrelationship to the degrees of pneumothorax.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2002

배경: 비디오 테크놀로지 의 발달과 자동봉합기 등 수술기구의 개발에 힘입어 현재의 흉강경 수술은 간단한 다한증 수술에서부터 폐암 수술에 이르기까지 흥부외과 영역에 다양하게 적용되고 있다. 최근에는 흉강경 수술이 원발성 자연기흉 수술의 기본 술식으로 인식되고 있으나, 대부분의 교재에서 원발성 자연기흉에 대한 수술 적응증은 개흉술이 기본 술식으로 인식되던 과거의 기준들이 그대로 적용되고 있다 따라서 흉강경 수술이 보편화된 현 시점에서 새로운 치료원칙의 정립이 필요하다고 생각한다. 대상 및 방법: 1998년 1월부터 1999년 12월까지 149명의 원발성 자연기흉 환자가 경북대학교병원에서 입원 치료를 받았다. 결과: 이 환자들에 있어서 연구 기간 동안 총 250건의 기흉발생이 있었으며 그 중 177건이 초발된 경우이었다. 결론: 이러한 원발성 자연기흉 환자들을 대상으로 하여 기흥의 정도, 치료방법 및 이에 따른 재발 양상과 치료기간등을 분석함으로써, 지금까지의 원발성 자연기흉 치료의 문제점을 검토하여 새로운 치료지침을 제안하고자 한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.535-538
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• 2003

자발성기흉이 원발성 폐암에 동반되어 나타나는 경우는 드물며, 특히, 원발성 폐암의 초발 소견으로 나타나는 경우는 더욱 드문 것으로 보고되고 있다. 우리나라에서도 폐암 환자의 증가 추세와 더불어 폐암에 동반된 자발성 기흉에 대한 논문이 드물게 발표되고 있다. 그러나, 이러한 경우의 폐암은 진행된 경우가 많아 페종양을 절제하게 되는 경우는 드물고 고식적 치료 즉 자발성 기흉의 페쇄성흉관삽관술, 항암요법, 방사선요법이 주가 되는 경우가 많다. 삼성서울병원 흉부외과에서는 최근 단순한 자연 기흉의 진단하에 기포절제술과 늑막유착술을 시행한 후 검체의 조직학적 검사상 원발성 폐암으로 진단되어 즉시 근치적 절제술 및 방사선요법을 시행하였으나 6개월 내 국소 재발된 1예를 경험하였기에 환자의 추적관찰 후 상태와 더불어 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.209-213
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• 1993

The pathogenesis of the primary spontaneous pneumothorax is the rupture of subpleural bleb or bullae and subsequent sudden collapse of the affected lung. Mostly, the bullae or blebs are present bilaterally, but detecting the number, size, and location of the causating foci by plain chest film is quite difficult . We have performed chest CT scans for detecting the bullous lesions in 33 cases of primary spontaneous pneumothorax, and compared the results with surgical findings.1. Seventy-four blebs were identified in the chest CT scan, and 100 blebs or bullae were detected surgically [ Sensitivity was 0.74 ].2. Diagnosis rate was 80% [40/50] at right upper lobe, 75.7% [28/37] at left upper lobe, 55.6% at right lower lobe, and 25.0% at left lower lobe, respectively.3. Blebs or bullae smaller than 1 cm of its diameter were detected by 57.1% [24/42] of sensitivity, and in the cases of size larger than 1 cm, it revealed 86.2% [50/58] of sensitivity respectively.4. Of the 45 cases, 7 cases were false negative [15.6%], most of these were ruptured or small size [< 0.5 cm]. 5. One case was false positive, which was irregular adhesion at the apex of the lung.6. We could detect blebs or bullae with preoperative CT scans in 84.4% [38/45] of total patients. In conclusion, chest CT scan is a very advantageous diagnostic tool for proper management and preventing recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax patient.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.582-588
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• 1985

We have observed 165 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax from Aug. 1978 to May. 1985 at the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Keimyung University. The ratio of male to female cases were 8.2:1 in male predominance, and the incidence was highest in the adolescence between 21 to 30 year of age. There were 85 patients of primary spontaneous pneumothorax and 80 patients of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. The etiologic factors of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax were tuberculous origin in 50 cases, chronic bronchitis with emphysematous bullae or blebs in 17 cases, asthma in 10 cases and lung cancer in 3 cases. Closed thoracotomy was performed for reexpansion of collapsed lung in 153 cases, bed rest in 3 cases, needle aspiration in 5 cases and open thoracotomy in 14 cases. Closed thoracotomy was the main therapeutic approach of choice in the great majority of spontaneous pneumothorax with recurrence rate of 21.6%. However, open thoracotomy was undertaken in patients with continuous air leakage, recurrent episodes, bilateral pneumothorax and large visible apical blebs or bullae.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.80-84
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• 2016

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) pulmonary wedge resection has emerged as the standard treatment for primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Recently, single-port VATS has been introduced and is now widely performed. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of the Tower crane technique as novel technique using a 15-mm trocar and anchoring suture in primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Methods: Patients who underwent single-port VATS wedge resection in Chungnam National University Hospital from April 2012 to March 2014 were enrolled. The medical records of the enrolled patients were reviewed retrospectively. Results: A total of 1,251 patients were diagnosed with pneumothorax during this period, 270 of whom underwent VATS wedge resection. Fifty-two of those operations were single-port VATS wedge resections for primary spontaneous pneumothorax performed by a single surgeon. The median age of the patients was $19.3{\pm}11.5$ years old, and 43 of the patients were male. The median duration of chest tube drainage following the operation was $2.3{\pm}1.3days$, and mean post-operative hospital stay was $3.2{\pm}1.3days$. Prolonged air leakage for more than three days following the operation was observed in one patient. The mean duration of follow-up was $18.7{\pm}6.1months$, with a recurrence rate of 3.8%. Conclusion: The tower crane technique with a 15-mm trocar may be a promising treatment modality for patients presenting with primary spontaneous pneumothorax.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.1286-1291
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• 1992

We have experienced 456 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax from January, 1981 to December, 1991 at the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital. Of these, 102 cases were recurrent pneumothorax. These 102 cases were based on the retrospective clinical analysis, and the results were as follows: The ratio of male to female was 6.2: 1 in male predominance and the old aged patients, over 50 years old, occupied 46.8%a of all patients. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax was 43 cases[42.6%] and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax was 59 cases. The underlying pathology in secondary spontaneous pneumothorax was tuberculosis: 31 cases[30.4%], emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: 27 cases[26.1%], Most frequent operative and pathologic findings in the primary and the secondary spontaneous pneumothorax was bullae and blebs at apex. The employed managements were only closed thoracostomy in 41 cases, open thoracot-omy in 61 cases. The operative procedures at thoracotomy were bullectomy or bullae ligation in 37 cases, bullae resection with wedge resection in 8 cases, bullae resection with segmentectomy in 6 cases, bullae resection with decortication in 3 cases, lobectomy in 5 cases, decortication in 2 cases. Complications were subcutaneous emphysema[5 cases], wound infection[1 case], and temporary pulmonary insufficiency[1 cases]

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.648-652
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• 1999

배경: 액와절개술을 통한 폐기포절제술은 일차성 자연기흉의 수술적 치료로 많이 사용되어왔다. 대상 및 방법: 액와절개술시 사용되는 개흉기의 종류에 따른 임상성적을 비교하기 위하여 Naruke개흉기(N군)와 Finochieto개흉기(F군)를 이용하였다. 1997년 9월부터 1998년 9월 까지 대구 파티마 병원에서 일차성 자연기 흉에 있어서 액와절개술로 교정한 46례 중 Finochieto개흉기를 이용한 군이 22례 였으며, Naruke개흉기를 이 용한 군이 24례 였다. 결과: 수술시간 및 입원기간, 술 후 입원기간, 술 후 흉관 삽관 기간, 술 후 재발율이나 합병증에는 두 군간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: 일차성 자연기흉의 수술적 치료에 있어서 Naruke 개흉기 를 이용한 방법이 매우 유용할 것이다.