• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.605-614
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• 1985

The principal aim of surgery for congenital heart anomalies is the establishment of normal hemodynamic function. Palliative and corrective operations are selected with time to attain this end with minimal risk. In recent years, as operative mortality after primary total correction is lower than the mortality after early palliation and delayed correction, corrective operations in infants have increasingly supplanted palliative ones. Two hundred and eighteen infants below 10 kg with congenital heart anomalies underwent primary surgical intervention at Yonsei Medical Center from March 1979 to June 1985. There were 155 infants with VSD, 35 Infants with TOF, 5 infants with ECD, 4 infants with TGV, 3 infants with DORV, 3 infants with Pulmonary atresia, 3 infants with ASD and PDA, 2 infants with DOLV, and the remainders were Sinus Valsalva rupture, residual mitral regurgitation after total correction of ECD, PAPVR, Cor triatriatum, Truncus arteriosus, and Tricuspid atresia. The overall surgical mortality was 15.1%. In the acyanotic group, 13 infants died among 168 infants, and mortality was 7.7%. But in the cyanotic group, the mortality rate was very high and 20 infants died among 50 infants raising the mortality to 40.0%. These poor surgical results in the cyanotic or complicated group was due to inaccurate diagnosis, improper surgical methods and inadequate post-operative care which should be improved.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.18-30
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• 2003

Congenital heart disease is the most frequently shown congenital disease among children, most of them can be corrected with operation. However, Patients and their parents need nursing intervention when they face this risky incident of operation. Therefore, parents' experiences are absolutely needed to plan nursing intervention to give practical help to the patients and their parents. The purpose of this study is to provide basic resources to develop a feasible intervention program for the parents by understanding the experiences related to the informed consent of cardiac surgery of their child. From January to June 2003, 10 parents of children patients with congenital heart disease were interviewed who filled out Operation Agreement before the primary operation after they are diagnosed as congenital heart disease in pediatric chest surgery of A hospital in Seoul. They were asked to give opinion regarding pre-operation needs and the interviewed information was analyzed. The results of this study are as follows : Firstly, they were asked what they felt before they were told about the operation of their children from the doctor before filling out the informed consent of operation. They felt 1) vague, 2) confusion of choose, 3) risky, 4) resented, 5) uneasy, 6) guilty, and 7) the burden of operation. Secondly, they were asked what they felt after they filled out the informed consent of operation and the doctor gave them detailed information on the operation of their children. They felt 1) confused, 2) responsible, 3) rejected, 4) angry, 5) plain, 6) to have hope, 7) trying to trust medical people, 8) that consolation is needed, and 9) conditional reduction of the burden of operation. Thirdly, followings are the categories of congenital parents' demand before operation based on the analysis of experiences related to the preparation of the informed consent of operation. 1) Information Demand (1) Anticipatory information (2) Concrete and precise information (3) Individual information 2) Support (1) Empathy (2) Parental supporting (3) Support of parents in the same situation 3) Education and consulting (1) Children-oriented Education (2) Consultation Considering the results of this study, parents of the child with congenital heart disease seem to have various emotional experiences related to filling out the informed consent and they need concrete and practical helps before cardiac surgery. This study proposes that systematic nursing intervention is needed according to the needs of the parents who have the child with congenital heart disease before operation in the field of child health nursing.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.101-106
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• 2013

Despite developments in surgical techniques and other interventions, right ventricular (RV) failure remains an important clinical problem in several congenital heart diseases (CHD). RV function is one of the most important predictors of mortality and morbidity in patients with CHD. RV failure is a progressive disorder that begins with myocardial injury or stress, neurohormonal activation, cytokine activation, altered gene expression, and ventricular remodeling. Pressure-overload RV failure caused by RV outflow tract obstruction after total correction of tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary stenosis, atrial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries, congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries, and systemic RV failure after the Fontan operation. Volume-overload RV failure may be caused by atrial septal defect, pulmonary regurgitation, or tricuspid regurgitation. Although the measurement of RV function is difficult because of many reasons, the right ventricle can be evaluated using both imaging and functional modalities. In clinical practice, echocardiography is the primary mode for the evaluation of RV structure and function. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is increasingly used for evaluating RV structure and function. A comprehensive evaluation of RV function may lead to early and optimal management of RV failure in patients with CHD.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.26-26
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• 2003

During the Viet Nam war, A Luoi located in Thua Thien Hue Province was heavily sprayed herbicides by the Ranch Hand Operation of U.S.A force (549.274 gallons). After 30 years of knocking the operation off, Dioxin has still contaminated on environment and human body in A Luoi valley. The results of the study show that there is an epidemiological relationship between AO/Dioxin exposure and increasing rate of reproductive anomalies and birth defects (the rate of reproductive anomalies including congenital deformities after the war during 10-year and 25-year is higher than that before the war from 1.5 to 4 times). The study found that the highest rate of reproductive anomalies is spontaneous abortion. The average is premature death and congenital deformities, and the lowest rate is dead foetus and hydratidiform mole. The results of the primary assessment suggested that Dioxin transport from environment to human body through the food chain exposed by Dioxin such as fish, chicken, duck. A mitigation plan for residual dioxin contamination from Agent Orange Hervicides is requeste indispensable to inhabitants in Aluoi District.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.36-39
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• 2014

Chromosome 3 (3p) deletion syndrome is a rare genomic disorder caused by a deletion at the terminal end of the short arm of chromosome 3. The primary characteristics of the syndrome are delayed development, dysmorphic features, and several other congenital anomalies. Here, we describe the case of a 2-year-old Korean girl with typical features of 3p deletion syndrome, including dysmorphic facial features, low birth weight, developmental delay, growth and cognitive retardation, and congenital heart disease. This case represents the first report of 3p deletion syndrome in Korea. Although phenotypes can be variable among patients, a clinically recognizable pattern has been described for this genetic defect, and our report helps to identify other cases with 3p deletion syndrome from a clinical and genetic perspective.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.811-813
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• 2009

Purpose: Congenital cleft earlobe is relatively rare malformation and defective type congenital cleft earlobes are reconstructed with mainly local flap methods rather than primary closure or z - plasty. Various methods are introduced but many of these remain visible scars or require complex operative techniques. We designed a new and simple method of reconstruction for defective type cleft earlobe. Methods: On the posterior surface of the auricle and mastoid area, S - shaped line was drawn continuously. One arc is for turnover hinge flap to make the anterolateral surface of the earlobe, and the other is for transposition flap to reconstruct the posterolateral surface. The donor site of the transposition flap was closed primarily. Results: Four patients were operated by S - shaped flap design method. They were all female and two were right side and others were left. We obtained aesthetically satisfactory postoperative results with inconspicuous scars at the posterior side of the auricle. In one case, minor revision was performed because of insufficient blood supply of the hinge flap. Conclusion: We can reconstruct defective type cleft earlobe with new, simple S - shaped design for hinge flap and transposition flap.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.570-574
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• 2013

Background The elliptical excision is the standard method of removing benign skin lesions, such as congenital melanocytic nevi. This technique allows for primary closure, with little to no dog-ear deformity, but may sacrifice normal tissue adjacent to the lesion, resulting in scars which are unnecessarily long. This study was designed to compare the predicted results of elliptical excision with those resulting from our excision technique. Methods Eighty-two patients with congenital melanocytic nevus on the face were prospectively studied. Each lesion was examined and an optimal ellipse was designed and marked on the skin. After an incision on one side of the nevus margin, subcutaneous undermining was performed in the appropriate direction. The skin flap was pulled up and approximated along several vectors to minimize the occurrence of dog-ear deformity. Results Overall, the final wound length was 21.1% shorter than that achieved by elliptical excision. Only 8.5% of the patients required dog-ear repair. There was no significant distortion of critical facial structures. All of the scars were deemed aesthetically acceptable based on their Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale scores. Conclusions When compared to elliptical excision, our technique appears to minimize dogear deformity and decrease the final wound length. This technique should be considered an alternative method for excision of facial nevi.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.70-73
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• 2019

Congenital panhypopituitarism is an uncommon condition, present from birth, characterized by the decreased secretion of most of the hormones produced by the pituitary. The purpose of this case report is to present a case about caries treatment of a 26-month-old female patient with congenital panhypopituitarism under general anesthesia. A 26-month-old girl with congenital panhypopituitarism visited Seoul National University Dental Hospital for caries treatment of anterior primary teeth. Because of the child's age and underlying systemic disease, dental treatment under general anesthesia was considered. Prior to the dental procedure, 30mg of cortisol was administered intravenously in order to prevent possible adrenal crisis by stressful events. The dental procedure was successfully performed under general anesthesia. This case report suggests that general anesthesia may be useful for the dental treatment with congenital panhypopituitarism. Hormone deficiency should be assessed prior to dental procedure and, if necessary, stress hormone replacement therapy should be considered.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.52-55
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• 2004

A newborn male baby was transferred to our hospital with a left inguinal mass. The mass was huge measuring $10{\times}10cm$, engorged, and dark-blue colored as a result of internal hemorrhage. Unstable vital signs were combined with DIC and acute renal failure. Emergency operation was performed because of the suspicion of bowel perforation. The peritoneal cavity was full of ascitis and the distal jejunum had a 0.5 cm perforation. Segmental resection of the jejunum and incisional biopsy of the inguinal mass were performed. On pelvic and thigh MRI, the mass protruded into pelvic cavity and encircled large vessels and nerves of the thigh. Pathologic diagnosis was congenital infantile fibrosarcoma. Fifteen days after operation, primary tumor excision was undertaken. The second look operation, performed after 6 times VAC chemotherapy, revealed no remained malignant cell on microscopic section. The baby has been followed closely for the last eight months.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.455-457
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• 2011

A 70-year-old male visited urgent care due to coughing for 1 month and left chest pain. He had no history of trauma. The initial chest computed tomography (CT) showed the 7th left intercostal lung herniation. A follow-up CT showed an intercostal lung herniation combined with a bowl herniation, which had developed due to a Morgagni's hernia. An emergency operation was performed due to the incarceration of the bowl and lung. The primary repair of the diaphragm was performed and the direct approximation of the 7th intercostal space was determined. We concluded that the defect of the diaphragm and the intercostal muscle was a congenital lesion, and the recurrent coughing was the aggravating factor of herniation.