• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.46.1-46.25
• /
• 2022

T-helper-17 (Th17) cells and related IL-17-producing (type17) lymphocytes are abundant at the epithelial barrier. In response to bacterial and fungal infection, the signature cytokines IL-17A/F and IL-22 mediate the antimicrobial immune response and contribute to wound healing of injured tissues. Despite their protective function, type17 lymphocytes are also responsible for various chronic inflammatory disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis associated cancer (CAC). A deeper understanding of type17 regulatory mechanisms could ultimately lead to the discovery of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders and the prevention of cancer. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the development and function of type17 immune cells at the intestinal barrier, focusing on the impact of microbiota-immune interactions on intestinal barrier homeostasis and disease etiology.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제50권11호
• /
• pp.1049-1054
• /
• 2007

Myocarditis represent an important condition encountered by general pediatricians & general practitioners. Its presentation is varied, and therefore a high index of suspicion must be maintained when the possibility of myocarditis is raised. A progression from viral myocarditis to dilated cardiomyopathy has long been hypothesized. Treatment is initially aimed at achieving hemodynamic stability and is largely supportive. There is currently little evidence to support the immunomodulatory or specific antiviral therapies. Pediatric cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders with diverse genetic, infectious, mitochodrial and metabolic etiologies. The timing and severity of presentation vary according to cardiomyopathy type as well as genetic and ethnic factors. The behavior of specific cardiomyopathies can be predicted by morphological and functional attributes, as well as underlying patient characteristics.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국감성과학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.20-25
• /
• 2001

In recent years, the concern about a user center design in increasing, and it's needed to task a user's visual cognitive characteristics for information presentation. Then this study aims to grasp user's cognitive characteristics about the information presentation by analyzing the fixation points. In the experiment, actually subject operated a copy machine. Recorded the fixation point movement of the operation panel by the eye mark recorder. Analysis examined the screen interface of the operation panel from the field of a fixation point trace. The top down type fixation oder by experience or the context became clear as a result. Furthermore, the difference of the fixation order by skill level was also examined. In this study, it was assumed that to grasp the visual cognitive characteristics becomes the key of efficient information.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2018

Much research has been conducted to judge aesthetic value for a single type of stimuli, but research to determine aesthetic value when two kinds of stimuli are presented at the same time is not explored in depth. In this paper, we measure the difference between the presentation of visual stimuli like general image and the presentation of signboard image including text stimuli using EEG. In the experiment, two oddball tasks were performed for general images and signboard images, and EEG changes according to the aesthetic value of the images were measured. As a result, the change of ERP in signboard image was larger than that of general image. We confirmed that more visual information was received and processed when two stimuli were presented at the same time.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.41.2-41.2
• /
• 2011

P/2010 A2, a main-belt asteroid having comet-like dust trail was discovered in January 2010, but the origin of the trail is controversial. Moreno et al. (2010) reported water-ice sublimation as a mechanism for the comet-like activity, whereas other researches (Jewitt et al. 2010; Snodgrass et al. 2010) stated that impact collision contributed to the dust trail. For asteroids are categorized based on spectral shape, optical observation using different color filters makes it possible to determine the taxonomic type of P/2010 A2 nucleus, thus gives an answer to the question of activation mechanism of the object. In this presentation, we report multiband observation of P/2010 A2 in January and March 2010 with 1-meter telescope of Ishigaki-Jima Astronomical Observatory. We employed three broadband filters of g', Rc, and Ic. In this presentation, we focus on the data acquisition, the reduction and the derivation of the reflectance spectrum of debris in the trail. Finally we discuss the potential cause of dust ejection from this asteroid.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2008

The walls of art museums become the background of exhibits, and they form a unit space depending on the of each exhibit. In addition, the walls are configured and presented depending on the rhythm of space, or the structure of an axis. In this study, according to the axis composed for each unit space, the presentation methods of walls were classified as follows: The central type, the skewed type, the crossed type, the one-side corridor type, and the two-way corridor type. By analyzing visual configurations formed by the arrangement of each unit space, the value and the hierarchy of walls are discussed To analyze the classified types with the physical change of unit space, the factors of visual integration, connectivity, depth, and visual axis are compared, and various configurations of walls and space change are applied.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.14-21
• /
• 2006

Leakage reduction through annular type seals of turbomachinery is necessary for enhancing their efficiency and the precise prediction method of seal leakage is needed. The analysis based on Bulk-flow concept has been mainly used in predicting seal leakage. However, full Navier-Stokes Equations with turbulent model derived in the seal flow passage have to be solved for improving the prediction of seal leakage. FLUENT 6 which is commercial CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) code based on FVM(Finite Volume Method) and SIMPLE algorism has been used to analyze leakage of various non-contact-type seals in this presentation. Comparing with the results of Bulk-flow model analysis and experiment, the result of CFD analysis shows good agreement with that of existing theoretical analysis for the incompressible grooved seal and compressive plain and staggered seal. The CFD analysis also shows improvement on the leakage prediction of the incompressible plain seal and compressive see-through-type labyrinth seal.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제5권5호
• /
• pp.22-29
• /
• 2002

This study was conducted to suggest develop revegetation methods and to classification of cutting-rock slopes revegetation type. The data was collected from pre-experienced data, reports and journal. Also research result was reflected from field research for the conditions of construction, vegetation types and field conditions. As the result of analyze, the factors affecting the plant coverage rates of cutting-rock slopes were period of construction, revegetation methods, slope gradient and slope length. Classification of cutting-rock slopes revegetation type was fourth from material of revegetation measures and spray type. It is recommended to adjust the proposed factor as environment, field condition and characteristic related with revegetation measures on slopes for the presentation of revegetation standard.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한음성학회 1997년도 7월 학술대회지
• /
• pp.11-25
• /
• 1997

This presentation will focus on building basic English Prosodic Skills which are very useful and helpful for Japanese learners of English. The focus first will be on recognizing the seven basic nuclear tones, analysing intonation structures, distinguishing intonation patterns and then on the way of improving speaking ability using sufficient verbal contents of intonation (mini-dialogue). My presentation deals mainly with some difficulties which Japanese learners of English have in the field of RP intonation, It is chiefly concerned with identifying, describing and analysing tone-group sequences. It sometimes happens that Japanese learners of English can pronounce isolated bounds correctly and read phonetic symbols sufficiently, bet have difficult problems in carrying out accurate prosodic features. The use of wrong intonation is sometimes the cause of misunderstanding of speaker's attitude, connotation and shades of meaning, etc.. However accurately students can pronounce the nuclear tone or tone-group of English, they have to learn how to connect tone-groups properly for suitable sequences in respect to meaning or implication. We are faced with the complicated theory of RF intonation on the one hand and difficult realization of it on the other. Japanese learners of English have special difficulties in employing "rising tune" and "falling + rising tune". If students are taught pitch movements by indicating dots graphically between two horizontal lines, they can easily understand the whole shape of pitch movements. In this presentation, I illuminate several tone-group sequences which are very useful for Japanese learning English intonation. Among them, four similar Pitch Patterns, such as, (1) (equation omitted)- type, (2) (equation omitted) - type, (3) (equation omitted) - type and (4) (Rising Head) (equation omitted)- type are clarified and other important tone-group sequences aye also highlighted from the point of view of teaching English as a foreign language. The intonation theory, tone marks and technical terms are, in all essentials, those of Intonation of Colloquial English by O'Connor, J. D. and Arnold, G. F., Longman, 2nd ed., 1982. The changes of tone are shown graphically between two horizontal lines representing the ordinary high and low zones of the utterance. A.C.Gimson (1981:314) : The intonation of English has been studied in greater detail and for longer than that of any other language. No definitive analysis, classifying the features of RP intonation, has yet appeared (though that presented by O'Connor and Arnold (1973) provides the most comprehensive and useful account from the foreign learner's point of view).

• 과학교육연구지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.513-524
• /
• 2013

이 연구의 목적은 의문 상황 제시 방법에 따라 생성된 의문을 유형, 수준, 객관도, 조작의 기준에 따라 비교하여, 다양한 의문을 생성하기 위한 적절한 의문 상황 제시 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구를 위하여 초등학교 4학년 96명을 대상으로 하였으며, 평형설계로 반복제시의 효과가 연구 결과에 미치는 영향을 최소화하였다. 의문 상황 제시방법은 실물 동영상 사진자료로 선정하여, 각 의문 상황 제시 방법 별 3가지 의문 과제를 제시하였다. 그리고 제시된 의문 상황에 따라 학생 개개인이 20분간 개별적으로 의문을 생성하여 의문기록지에 작성하도록 하였다. 생성된 의문은 의문의 유형, 수준, 객관성, 조작에 따른 분석틀에 의해 분석하였다. 연구 결과로 추측적 의문, 예측적 의문, 방법적 의문, 탐색적 의문, 확인적 의문, 정성적 의문, 정량적 의문, 비조작적 의문, 조작 전 의문을 생성하는데 사진과 동영상으로 의문 상황을 제시한 경우, 실물로 제시한 것에 비해 빈도수가 유의미하게 높은 것으로 나왔다. 하지만 조작 후 의문을 생성하는데 실물로 의문 상황을 제시한 경우 사진과 동영상 제시 방법으로 제시하는 것에 비해 빈도수가 유의미하게 높은 것으로 나왔다. 인과적 의문, 적용적 의문, 주관적 의문은 의문 상황 제시 방법에 상관없이 의문이 생성되었다. 이를 통해 의문 상황 제시 방법이 학생들의 의문 특성에 영향을 주고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이것은 교사가 의문생성 교수 학습을 계획할 때 향상시키고자 하는 의문에 따라 의문 상황의 제시 형태를 고려해야 한다는 것을 말한다.